Particle image velocimetry system

Santiago JG, Wereley ST, Meinhart CD, Beebe DJ, Adrian RJ (1998) A particle image velocimetry system for microfluidics. Exp Fluid 25(4) 316-319... 

Rottier C, Godard G, Corbin F, Boukhalfa AM, Honore D An endoscopic particle image velocimetry system for high-temperature furnaces, Meas Sd Technot 21 115404, 2010. 

On comparing the two flames, it is evident that the flow structure of the lean limit methane flame fundamentally differs from that of the limit propane one. In the flame coordinate system, the velocity field shows a stagnation zone in the central region of the methane flame bubble, just behind the flame front. In this region, the combustion products move upward with the flame and are not replaced by the new ones produced in the reaction zone. For methane, at the lean limit an accumulation of particle image velocimetry (PIV) seeding particles can be seen within the stagnation core, in... 

Feng-Chen Li and Koichi Hishida, Particle Image Velocimetry Techniques and Its Applications in Multiphase Systems... 

PIV has also been applied to gas-liquid systems (Reese and Fan, 1994 Lin et al, 1996) to study the flow structure in bubble columns. A specific complication here is caused by the presence of the gas bubbles. On the basis of a prior knowledge of the size distribution of the tracer particles and the gas bubbles it is possible to discriminate bubbles from particles and thus phase-specific postprocessing of the images can be undertaken whereby both the flow pattern of the bubbles and the liquid in principle can be obtained. Particle image velocimetry has also been applied (Chen and Fan, 1992) to study the flow structure in 3D gas-liquid-solid fluidized beds. 

In most electroosmotic flows in microchannels, the flow rates are very small (e.g., 0.1 pL/min.) and the size of the microchannels is very small (e.g., 10 100 jm), it is extremely difficult to measure directly the flow rate or velocity of the electroosmotic flow in microchannels. To study liquid flow in microchannels, various microflow visualization methods have evolved. Micro particle image velocimetry (microPIV) is a method that was adapted from well-developed PIV techniques for flows in macro-sized systems [18-22]. In the microPIV technique, the fluid motion is inferred from the motion of sub-micron tracer particles. To eliminate the effect of Brownian motion, temporal or spatial averaging must be employed. Particle affinities for other particles, channel walls, and free surfaces must also be considered. In electrokinetic flows, the electrophoretic motion of the tracer particles (relative to the bulk flow) is an additional consideration that must be taken. These are the disadvantages of the microPIV technique. 

Barnhart, D.H., Adrian, R.J., and Papen, G.C., Phase-conjugated holographic system for high-resolution particle image velocimetry, Applied Optics, Vol. 33, No. 30, 7159-7170(1994). 

Meinhart, C.D., Prasad, A.K., and Adrian, R.J., A parallel digital processor system for particle image velocimetry, Meas. Sd. Technol., 4, 619-626 (1993). 

Reese, J., Chen, R.C., and Fan, L.-S., Three-dimensional particle image velocimetry for use in three-phase fluidization systems, Exps. in Fluids, 19, 367-378 (1995). 

The conventional approaches to anemometry are laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) [6,37,38]. The former is employed to obtain point-like measurements of one velocity component, whereas a combination of two or three LDV systems allows for the measurement of the vectorial structure of the velocities. The PIV is, instead, conceived for two-dimensional acquisition of velocity fields. One important industrial application of these techniques is in laser diagnostic of gas turbines and engines [9]. For instance, atomization of liquid fuels into droplets is typical of modern IC engines and one can study the fuel-air mixing that is an essential factor in efficient combustion. In... 

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