Image echelle systems

Switch-Board Optics. The preceding discussion has summarized the various approaches which have been taken to achieve a practical spectrometer for SMA. The direct reader, the vidicon detector, and the development of image device/echelle systems... 

Simultaneous Multielement Determinations by Atomic Absorption and Atomic Emission with a Computerized Echelle Spectrometer/Imaging Detector System... 

The multielement detection limits with the echelle/image dissector are comparable to, or better than, single element detection limits reported for a silicon vidicon and conventional optics. Detection limits for Cr, Cu, and Mn with the echelle/ image dissector compare favorably with single element data reported for a conventional atomic absorption instrument with a photomultiplier detector, but detection limits obtained here for Ni and Co are higher by factors of 10 or more than for the conventional instrument. The echelle/image dissector system should be adaptable to a so-called flameless atomizer and be subject to the same improvements in sensitivities and detection limits as conventional detector systems. 

Image dissector tubes (Fig. 26) make use of an entrance aperture behind the photocathode, by which the photoelectrons stemming from different locations of the photocathode can be scanned and measured after amplification in the dynode train, as in a conventional photomultiplier. Although used in combination with an echelle spectrometer with crossed dispersion for flexible rapid sequential analyses [59], these systems have not had any commercial breakthrough. This might be due to the limited cathode dimensions but also to stability problems. 

MM Carrabba, JM Bello, KM Spencer, JW Hass III. Echelle spectroscopy and CCDs, an ideal union for fiber optic Raman systems. In MB Denton, RE Fields, QS Hanley, eds. Recent Developments in Scientific Optical Imaging. London Royal Society of Chemistry Information Services, 1996, pp 128-136. 

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