Ill-Health

The final article, by S. G. Bell and G. A. Codd of the University of Dundee Department of Biological Services, is concerned with detection, analysis, and risk assessment of cyanobacterial toxins. These can be responsible for animal, fish, and bird deaths and for ill-health in humans. The occurrence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms and scums on nutrient-rich waters is a world-wide phenomenon and cases are cited from Australia, the USA, and China, as well as throughout Europe. The causes, indentification and assessment of risk, and establishment of criteria for controlling risk are discussed. 

Whilst the causative agent(s) have not been established it is thought to be multifunctional and possibilities include physical factors (humidity, temperature, lighting), static electricity, electromagnetic radiation, air ion concentrations, fungi, noise, psychological stress, and chemicals. Chemicals which are not those involved in the normal work processes can become trapped within the building, albeit at concentrations below those known to cause ill-health effects, if ... 

Because of ill health and other factors beyond the editors control, the manuscripts for the... 

True. Smokers rapidly become addicted to tobacco. They will smoke every day, seven days each week, 52 weeks each year. If a pack of cigarettes costs 5 and they smoke one pack every day then that habit will cost them 1825 each year and they will have nothing but ill health to show for it. 

Writing a health and safety policy statement is more than just a legal requirement - it is your commitment to planning and managing health and safety. It is the key to achieving acceptable standards, reducing accidents and cases of work-related ill health and it shows your employees that you care for their health and safety. 

All accidents and cases of work-related ill health are to be recorded in the accident book. The book is kept by/at... 

Ybu must report certain types of accidents and ill health at work, using Form 2508 or Form 2508A - see the Reporting of Injuries. Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations fRIDDORl 1995. 

Similarly, if you have a number of employees absent because of similar ailments, this might mean there is a problem with their Jobs causing ill health. 

Distillation of tetrachloroethylene (formerly a dry-cleaning solvent) in new galvanised steel equipment produces traces of dichloroacetylene. This is toxic and may cause ill-health in those exposed. Should the acetylene chance to be concentrated (as in the sub-entry above), it is also very explosive. The galvanised metal becomes passivated in a few days and the effect was not found with other steels. 

Delusions, on the other hand, are persistent beliefs or belief systems that are not based in reality and often cause the person experiencing them to be anxious or paranoid. Many of these delusions have a theme (a common thread), which frequendy involves feelings of threat, concerns about being personally targeted by a conspiracy, obsessive thoughts, or inordinate concerns about ill health. If a person has both hallucinations and delusions, these experiences tend to feed off one another and confirm one another s content. Hallucinations tend to support the delusional beliefs, and the delusions usually are related to the hallucinations. However, you can have the experience of one without the experience of the other, meaning that some people have delusions without hallucinations and some have hallucinations without delusions. 

Hydrocarbon based solvents have a valuable role in many industrial processes. However, a well-known hazard of many hydrocarbon solvents is their flammability, but they can also have damaging effects on the environment and harm human health. Emphasis is placed on the latter. Some of the ill health effects are described together with how solvents users can get information on these the UK approach to control, including the role of occupational exposure limits a comparison of UK limits with those in other EU Member States and finally a new approach taken by the UK Health Safety Executive to help companies control health risks. 6 refs. 

In this respect it is also interesting to note that in bioaccumulation it is found that the concentration of toxicant in the tissues and particularly in some of its organs such as kidney, liver and opercle, increases with both concentration in the water and exposure time. Measurement of toxicant levels in tissues or organs provide an indication of the amount of exposure to toxicants that the creature has suffered over a period of time. Only limited information is yet available relating concentrations of toxicant in tissues and the onset of ill health or mortality. This is clearly an area where much further work remains to be done. 

Let us consider next some of the factors which are known to influence mental health and how they are related to the problem of the etiology of mental disease and to the subject of brain metabolism. Mental ill health has in general remained a puzzle down through the centuries. To attribute it to demoniacal possession or to psychogenic causes leaves the question shrouded in mystery, and gives an unsatisfactory basis for developing therapeutic or prophylactic measures. 

It was not until 1949, only a year before retiring from the University of Pittsburgh, that Menten obtained a full professorship. Shortly after retiring, Menten joined the Medical Research Institute of British Columbia to do cancer research. Sadly, ill health forced her to cease her scientific work only a few years later. She spent her remaining days in Leamington, Ontario. 

Most plants in a well-kept garden, or in any natural ecosystem, are healthy for most of the time. Like animals, they have well-ordered defense mechanisms against invaders and only occasionally submit to ill health. When plant health problems arise, they can be caused by ... 

To take the anology further disturbance in the market force-control causes problems in national economies and so it does in the biochemical economy in muscle. For example, if the rate of ATP expenditure exceeds the capacity for generation of ATP, fatigue rapidly results. In many people, this leads to ill health it is a major factor limiting their daily activities and, therefore, their well-being... 

In recent years it seems that AIDS has somewhat eclipsed other sexually transmitted diseases. A problem, however, is that sexually transmitted diseases not only cause ill health in their own right, but can have long-term consequences including infertility, ectopic pregnancy and genital cancers. Consequently, there is increasing concern about... 

This text attempts to provide a clear and straightforward account of the biochemistry underlying the physiological functions of different cells, tissues or organs essential for human life. The approach highlights the contribution that functional biochemistry makes to health and, when it is disturbed, to ill health and disease. It attempts to link biochemistry, medical education and clinical practice. Structural biochemistry and molecular biology are kept to a minimum in favour of a focus on the dynamic aspects of biochemistry and its immediate importance for health. 

Obesity is a complex chronic condition with genetic, environmental, metabolic and psychological aspects. It has biochemical, biomechanical and sociological effects that lead to increased ill-health and early death and represents one of the biggest healthcare challenges of the 21st century. 

Stress is frequently a trigger factor for depression in vulnerable patients. There is clinical evidence to show that CRT is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of untreated depressed patients, which presumably leads to the hypercortisolaemia that usually accompanies the condition. One of the consequences of elevated plasma glucocorticoids is a suppression of some aspects of cellular immunity. It is now established that many cellular (for example, natural killer cell activity, T-cell replication) and non-cellular (for example, raised acute phase proteins) aspects are abnormal in the untreated depressed patient. Such observations could help to explain the susceptibility of depressed patients to physical ill health. 

The term neurodegenerative disease is used for several conditions of chronic, usually progressive, ill health caused by a chronic breakdown and deterioration of the neurons, particularly those of the central nervous system (CNS). Often, a deficiency of one or more neurochemicals, particularly neurotransmitters, is associated with the disease. Neurogenerative disease... 

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