Hepatic effect

Hepatic Effects. Eiver lesions were reported in humans dying of acute methyl parathion (Wofatox)... 

No studies were located regarding hepatic effects in animals atter inhalation exposure to methyl parathion. 

Hepatic Effects. Liver lesions have been reported in humans acutely intoxicated by methyl parathion formulation (Wolfatox) (Fazekas 1971 Fazekas and Rengei 1964). These studies are discussed in detail in Section 3.2.2.1. Liver lesions were hepatocellular swelling, degeneration, and fatty change. 

Routine gross and histopathological examinations revealed no treatment-related effects on the hepatic system of dogs exposed to 0.03, 0.1, or 0.3 mg/kg/day methyl parathion in the diet for 1 year (Suba 1981). Chronic dietary exposure to methyl parathion did not induce hepatic effects in mice fed... 

Hepatic Effects. Normal serum liver function tests (unspecified) were observed in a 35-year-old agricultural pilot approximately 8 hours after a 45-minute dermal exposure (with presumed concurrent inhalation exposure) when his clothing became soaked in endosulfan and methomyl (Cable and Doherty 1999). 

Hepatic Effects. Elevated serum transaminases (AST, ALT) were seen in a patient two days after ingesting an unknown amount of endosulfan mixed in with food (Blanco-Coronado et al. 1992). 

For more information on biomarkers for renal and hepatic effects of chemicals, see ATSDR/CDC Subcommittee Report on Biomarkers of Organ Damage and Dysfunction (1990) and for information on biomarkers for neurological effects, see OTA (1990). 

ATSDR has derived a chronic-duration oral MRL of 0.002 mg/kg/day for endosulfan based on a NOAEL for hepatic effects in dogs (Hoechst 1989c). 

Paul V, Balasubramaniam E, Jayakumar AR, et al. 1995. A sex-related difference in the neurobehavioral and hepatic effects following chronic endosulfan treatment in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 293(4) 355-360. 

HBD is a biochemical rather than electrophoretic assessment of the LD isoenzyme which is associated with heart. All five isoenzymes of LD exhibit some activity toward cx-hydroxy-butyrate as substrate, but heart LD shows the greatest activity. Serum HBD measurement is not as valuable as the electrophoretic determination of heart LD isoenzyme. High HBD activity has also been found in diseases of the liver. Rises associated with the hepatic effects of congestive heart failure can be disconcerting in the differential diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Wilkinson has used the serum HBD/LD ratio for the differentiation of myocardial disease from other disorders in which HBD activity is elevated, whereas Rosalki has not found the ratio to be helpful (39). 

Hepatic Effects. Hepatic failure was reported in the case of an accidental ingestion of trichloroethylene that led to an acute overdose (Kleinfeld and Tabershaw 1954). In other case studies, blood analyses revealed no hepatic injury in a man who drank several tablespoons of trichloroethylene (Todd 1954) or in women who drank about 20 mL (Morreale 1976) or an unknown quantity (Perbellini et al. 1991). Self-reported liver problems were not increased among persons in the trichloroethylene subregistry who were exposed to trichloroethylene in their drinking water (ATSDR 1994 Burg et al. 1995). 

In contrast to mice, male rats treated with trichloroethylene by com oil gavage at 1,100 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks failed to exhibit histopathology in the liver, although enhanced hepatic DNA synthesis (175% of control) was detected (Stott et al. 1982). No treatment-related nonneoplastic lesions of the liver were described for male or female rats treated with 1,000 mg/kg/day trichloroethylene for 2 years (NTP 1988, 1990), with 1,097 mg/kg/day for 78 weeks (NCI 1976), or with 250 mg/kg/day for 52 weeks (Maltoni et al. 1986). Except for enlarged livers, liver effects were not reported in mice treated by gavage with trichloroethylene in com oil for 18 months at a dose of 1,978 mg/kg/day for males and 1,483 mg/kg/day for females (Henschler et al. 1984). Hepatic effects were not reported in mice treated by gavage with trichloroethylene in com oil at doses up to 1,739 mg/kg/day for 78 weeks (NCI 1976) or at 1,000 mg/kg/day for 103 weeks (NTP 1990). 

Hepatic Effects. Jaundice and abnormal liver function tests including increases in serum transaminase levels have been reported in individuals occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene by both dermal and inhalation exposure (Bauer and Rabens 1974 Phoon et al. 1984). 

Hepatic Effects. There is some evidence for trichloroethylene-induced hepatic effects in humans. This evidence is primarily from case reports of persons accidently or intentionally exposed to relatively high levels. 

Nagaya T, IshikawaN, Hata H, et al. 1993. Subclinical and reversible hepatic effects of occupational exposure to trichloroethylene. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 64 561-563. 

Hepatic Effects. Degenerative changes in the liver have been observed in laboratory animals exposed to 241Am via inhalation or intravenous injection. 

No data were located regarding respiratory effects, cardiovascular effects, gastrointestinal effects, hepatic effects, renal effects, endocrine effects, dermal effects, ocular effects, body weight effects, or metabolic effects in humans or animals following acute-, intermediate-, or chronic-duration dermal exposure to americium ... 

Hepatic Effects. No studies were located regarding hepatic effects in humans after inhalation, oral, or dermal exposure or in animals after dermal or inhalation exposure to diisopropyl methylphosphonate. 

The available animal data suggest that diisopropyl methylphosphonate is not a hepatotoxin, at least in the doses and time courses studied. Therefore, exposure of persons living near the RMA is not expected to cause hepatic effects. 

No gross or histological hepatic alterations were observed in rabbits exposed to <480 mg/kg/day or chickens exposed to up to 720 mg/kg/day, respectively, of Cellulube 220 for an acute duration (Carpenter et al. 1959). No hepatic effects were reported in rats exposed to 50 mg/kg/day of Pydraul 90E for an intermediate duration (Monsanto 1979). Several intermediate-exposure rat studies showed liver effects for organophosphate esters. Liver weight increases were shown for tributyl phosphate at 250 mg/kg/day (Laham et al. 1985 Oishi et al. 1982), trioctyl phosphate at 250 mg/kg/day (Oishi et al. 1982),... 

---