Liver, enlarged

Inhalation of trichloroethylene for acute or intermediate periods can cause liver enlargement in laboratory animals. Usually this effeet is reversible when exposure eeases. Histological changes were observed in some studies but not in others. Liver weight and plasma butyryleholinesterase (BuChE) aetivity were increased in various strains of mice exposed to 37-300 ppm eontinuously for 30 days (Kjellstrand et al. 1983a, 1983b). 

Hepatic peroxisome proliferation, characterized by liver enlargement due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy, has been proposed as a basis for differences in species susceptibility to trichloroethylene carcinogenicity. Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles which contain enzymes generally involved in lipid metabolism. 

In the region with pesticide contamination where subjects contracted viral hepatitis A, the pre-jaundice period was 4.2 days (in the control area, 5.1), the jaundice period lasted 32 days (22.4 in the control area), the liver enlarged more than in the control area and took longer to return to normal size, there was a larger number of patients who also had an enlarged spleen, there was more frequent damage to the nervous and cardiovascular systems (1.5-2 times higher than in the control area), mixed syndrome was observed more often (45% of the time, compared to 12.6% in the control area), and the illness was more frequently serious. 

Reduced survival and growth at dietary levels >150 mg/kg liver enlargement and micropathology at >20 mg/kg no effect on reproduction at 150 mg/kg diet no adverse effects at 5 mg/kg diet (Ingle 1965)... 

Liver contained 156 (68-563) pg PCB 126/kg FW pronounced liver enlargement lymphoid depletion of spleen 10-fold increase in hepatic microsomal EROD and benzyoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase 5-fold increase in methoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase Liver had 380 pg PCB 126/kg FW with increasing necrosis above effects plus decreased bone growth, decreased spleen weight, and degenerative lesions of thyroid Liver had 1.1 (0.6-4.5) mg PCB 126/kg FW above effects plus decreased body weight, decreased hepatic thiol concentrations, and increased plasma enzyme activities... 

No deaths some weight loss and liver enlargement... 

Ervin MG, Yarbrough JD. 1985. Mirex-induced liver enlargement in rats is dependent upon an intact pituitary-adrenalcortical axis. Life Sci 36(2) 139-145. 

Robinson KM, Yarbrough JD. 1978b. A study of mirex induced changes in liver metabolism and function with emphasis on liver enlargement. Fed Proc, Fed Am Soc Exp Biol 37 699. 

Williams JD, Yarbrough JD. 1983. The relationship between mirex-induced liver enlargement and the adrenal glands. Pestic Biochem Physiol 19 15-22. 

III Cori Glycogen debranching enzyme Mild hypoglycemia, liver enlargement Short outer branches Single glucose residue at outer branch... 

The oral LDso in rats was 3.73 g/kg. The LCso for 6-hour exposure was 2690ppm in the rat 6 hours at 1600 ppm caused narcosis. Repeated exposure for 6 hours/day to 12 00 ppm for 5 days/week for 2 weeks caused marginal liver enlargement. 

Hepatotoxins The term refers to a specific target organ characterization of effect. Hepatotoxins are chemicals which produce liver damage. Signs and symptoms are jaundice and liver enlargement. Examples are carbon tetrachloride and nitrosamines. 

Rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, strain, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, sequelae of cerebrovascular accident, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, enlarged spleen, various tumors, as well as psychiatric disorders. 

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