Liver weight

Insight from the PPARa Knockout Mouse. PPARa-deficient adult mice are viable, fertile, and healthy, indicating that PPARa is not essential for embryonic development. When adult PPARa-7- mice are treated with fibrates, the characteristic response to PP is abolished, with no liver weight increase, no increase in... 

Notes Assuming a moderately active 70 kg man with 40% of body weight as muscle (28 kg), a liver weight of 1.8 kg, a plasma volume of 3 L, and 9 kg of adipose tissue. Endurance trained individuals store -125-150 mmol/kg wet muscle of glycogen in muscle and 400-700 mmol/kg wet tissue of glycogen in liver,... 

M (increased absolute and relative liver weight dilation of sinusoids necrosis)... 

Rat (Sprague- Dawley) 13 wk ad lib (F) Hemato Hepatic 3.8 M 0.8 (decreased hemoglobin) 23.4 M (granular brown pigment increased liver weight) Hoechst 1985a Technical... 

F 23.4 F (increased liver weight centrilobular enlargement, increased serum lipids and cholesterol) ... 

Liver weight 1800 g. Muscle mass 35 kg. Total volume 10L. 

NMRI) 24 hr/d 150 F 300 F activity, liver weight) (increased BuChE activity, liver weight) al. 1983a... 

Inhalation of trichloroethylene for acute or intermediate periods can cause liver enlargement in laboratory animals. Usually this effeet is reversible when exposure eeases. Histological changes were observed in some studies but not in others. Liver weight and plasma butyryleholinesterase (BuChE) aetivity were increased in various strains of mice exposed to 37-300 ppm eontinuously for 30 days (Kjellstrand et al. 1983a, 1983b). 

Male mice that received trichloroethylene at 240 mg/kg/day by gavage in 10% Emulphor for 2 weeks, or that consumed drinking water containing as much as 5 mg/mL (equivalent to a dosage of approximately 793 mg/kg/day) for 6 months, showed no treatment-related effects other than increased liver weights without accompanying macroscopic lesions (Tucker et al. 1982). This may be indicative of differences in absorption efficiencies of the lipophilic trichloroethylene administered in water versus oil. 

M (32% increase in liver weights 178% increase in peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzyme activity)... 

A 32% increase in liver weights, along with a 187% increase in peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity, was noted in rats exposed to 1,000 mg/kg/day MIL-H-5606 for 26 days (Mattie et al. 1993). The toxicological significance of the changes in peroxisomal enzyme activities is unclear. 

No gross or histological hepatic alterations were observed in rabbits exposed to <480 mg/kg/day or chickens exposed to up to 720 mg/kg/day, respectively, of Cellulube 220 for an acute duration (Carpenter et al. 1959). No hepatic effects were reported in rats exposed to 50 mg/kg/day of Pydraul 90E for an intermediate duration (Monsanto 1979). Several intermediate-exposure rat studies showed liver effects for organophosphate esters. Liver weight increases were shown for tributyl phosphate at 250 mg/kg/day (Laham et al. 1985 Oishi et al. 1982), trioctyl phosphate at 250 mg/kg/day (Oishi et al. 1982),... 

Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids. No studies regarding hepatic effects in humans following inhalation, oral, or dermal exposure to mineral oil hydraulic fluids were located. In an animal study, histopathological examination of the livers from rats exposed by inhalation to <1.0 mg/m3 of the water-in-oil emulsion hydraulic fluid Houghto-Safe 5047F for 90 days, 23 hours/day, showed no treatment-related lesions (Kinkead et al. 1991). Animal data for oral exposure are limited to one study where rats were exposed to MIL-H-5606 at 1,000 mg/kg/day for 26 days (Mattie et al. 1993). Increases in liver weight and peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity were observed. 

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