Geosciences

Tschernich R W 1992 Zeolites of the M/orfd (Phoenix, AZ Geoscience Press)... 

Sharp W E and C Bays 1992. A Review of Portable Random Number Generators. Computers at Geosciences 18 79-87. 

Japan International Cooperation Agency, in Metal Mining Agemy of Japan, South Pacific AppHed Geoscience Commission (SOPAC), Suva, Fiji, 1991. 

Mass Spectrometer. The mass spectrometer is the principal analytical tool of direct process control for the estimation of tritium. Gas samples are taken from several process points and analy2ed rapidly and continually to ensure proper operation of the system. Mass spectrometry is particularly useful in the detection of diatomic hydrogen species such as HD, HT, and DT. Mass spectrometric detection of helium-3 formed by radioactive decay of tritium is still another way to detect low levels of tritium (65). Accelerator mass spectroscopy (ams) has also been used for the detection of tritium and carbon-14 at extremely low levels. The principal appHcation of ams as of this writing has been in archeology and the geosciences, but this technique is expected to faciUtate the use of tritium in biomedical research, various clinical appHcations, and in environmental investigations (66). 

Pulverit planetaiy mills are available from Geoscience Inc. Highspeed planetary-baU mills can be used to perform rapid tests to sinmlate ball milhng of materials [Vock, DECHEMA-Monogr, 69, HI-8 (1972)]. The size of high-speed mills will be much smaller than the size of same-capacity ball mills [Bradley, S. Afr Mech. Eng., 22, 129 (1972)]. 

Whenever the appropriate specimens can be prepared, this mode is normally the one preferred for trace-element analysis in geoscience, air polludon and atmospheric science, biology, medicine, water analysis, and forensic science. In this case, the ions pass through the specimen with negligible energy loss and there is minimal absorption of X rays. 

Dromgoole, P., and Speers, R. (1997). Geoscore A Method for Quantifying Uncertainty in Field Reserve Estimates. Petroleum Geoscience 3 - 2. 

Foley, L. Ball, L. Hurst, A. Davis, J. and Blockley, D. (1997). Fussiness, Incompleteness and Randomness Classification of Uncertainty in Reservoir Appraisal. Petroleum Geoscience 3 203—209. 

Bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources)... 

Ugolini, F. C. and Jackson, M. L. (1982). Weathering and mineral synthesis in Antarctic soils. In "Antarctic Geoscience" (C. Craddock, ed.), pp. 1101-1108. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WL... 

Leavitt, S.W. and Long, A. 1991 Seasonal stable-carbon isotope variability in tree rings possible palaeoenvironmental signals. Chemical Geology (Isotope Geoscience Section) 87 59-70. 

Mariotti, A. 1982 Apports de la geochimie isotopique a la connaissance du cycle de I azote. Geoscience. Paris, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Memoires des Sciences de Terre, No 82-13. 

Noe-Nygaard, N. 1988 8 C values of dog bones reveal the nature of changes in man s food resources at the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition. Isotope Geoscience 73 87-96. 

Quade, J., Cerling, T.E., Barry, J.C., Morgan, M.E., Pilbeam, D.E., Chivas, A.R., Lee-Thorp, J.A. and van der Merwe, N.J. 1992 A 16-Ma record of paleodiet using carbon and oxygen isotopes in fossil teeth from Pakistan. Chemical Geology (Isotope Geoscience) 94 183-192. 

Grossman, E. and Ku, T.-L. 1986 Oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation in biogenic aragonite temperature effects. Chemical Geology (Isotope Geoscience Section) 59 59-74. 

Macko, S.A., Fogel, M.L., Hare, P.E. and Hoering, T.C. 1987 Isotopic fractionation ofnitrogen and carbon in the synthesis of amino acids by microorganisms. Chemical Geology (Isotope Geoscience Section) 65 79-92. 

Heaton, T.H.E. (1987). Isotopic studies of nitrogen in the hydrosphere and atmosphere a review. Chemical Geology 0sotope Geoscience), Vol. 59, pp. 87-102. 

Richardson JM (1995) Certified reference materials programme at the Geoscience Laboratories, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Analyst 120 1513-1518. 

Richardson JM, Lightfoot PC, deSouza H (1996) Current geosciences laboratories geoanalyti-cal programs and their quality assurance underpinnings. Geostds Newslett 20 141-156. 

Chapelle FH (1997) The Hidden Sea. Geoscience Press, Tucson, Arizona... 

P. Cewmy, Rare Element Granitic Pegmatites, Pt. I. Anatomy and Internal Evolution of Pegmatite Deposits, Geoscience Canada, vol. 18, No. 2, 49,1991. 

Chemistry departments should start offering a concentration area in materials chemistry, and the requirements for this degree include the substitution of 15 credits of phase equilibria, crystallography, crystal chemistry, and materials characterization to be taken in the materials or geoscience departments. Where local chemistry faculty can teach... 

Guillot, P. Y. and Y. Comette (1986), The Cassignoll technique for potassium-argon dating, precision and accuracy Examples from the late Pleistocene to recent vol-canics from southern Italy, Client. Geol. (Isotopes Geoscience Section) 59, 205-222. 

Mcllraith, S. J. (1990), Diagenesis, Canada Geoscience Reprint Series, Toronto. McKeever, S. W. (1988), Thermoluminescence of Solids, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK. 

Class H., Ebigbo A., et al. A benchmark study on problems related to C02 storage in geologic formations. 2009 Computational Geosciences 13(4) 409-434. 

Zhang K., Moridis G., et al. TOUGH+C02 A multiphase fluid-flow simulator for C02 geologic sequestration in saline aquifers. 2011 Computers Geosciences 37 714-723. 

Hovorka S.D., Benson S.M., et al. Measuring permanence of C02 storage in saline formations the Frio experient. 2006 Environmental Geoscience 13 105-121. 

Forster A., Norden B., et al. Baseline characterization of the C02SINK geological storage site atKetzin, Germany. 2006 Environmental Geosciences 13 145-161. 

Taylor, G.H. Shibaoka, M., and Ueda, S., CSIRO Fuel Geosciences Unit, private communication. 

A detailed theoretical study of the properties of the redox system FeS/FeS2 was carried out in the Department of Geosciences of SUNY Stony Brook (Schoonen et al., 1999). The authors conclude that the hypothetical reduction of CO2 (by the FeS/FeS2 redox pair) formulated in Wachtershauser s early work, and the carbon fixation cycle on the primeval Earth associated with it, probably could not have occurred. This judgement is made on the basis of a theoretical analysis of thermodynamic data other conditions would naturally have been involved if CO had reacted rather than C02. It is not known whether free CO existed in the hydrosphere, or if so, at what concentrations. 

School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle NE17RU UK... 

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