Genital tract

Geneva Conference Geneva ruby Gemstein [446-72-0] Genital tract infections Genital warts... 

In order to discuss the biological mechanisms involved in the aetiology of genital tract malformations, testicular cancer and lowered sperm counts, some knowledge of the processes involved in the differentiation and development of the male reproductive tract and determination of normal testicular function is required. An early embryo has the potential to develop either a male or a female... 

Diethylstilbestrol Lemale genital tract - carcinoma (transplacental)... 

The macrolides are effective against a wide variety of pathogenic organisms, particularly infections of die respiratory and genital tract. 

The 11S form is found in secretions (eg, saliva, milk, tears) and fluids of the respiratory, intestinal, and genital tracts. 

HIV-1 infection results in dissemination of the virus to different cellular and tissue compartments. Some of these anatomical sanctuaries, for example the genital tract (Bym and Kiessling 1998) and the CNS (Kravcik et al. 1999 Rolinski et al. 1997),... 

Kruhoffer M., Bub A., Cieslak A., Adermann K., et al. (1997). Gene expression of aphrodisin in female hamster genital tract segments. Cell Tissue Res 287, 153-160. 

Although suppression of FSH and LH is the primary mechanism by which combined oral contraceptives prevent ovulation, there are other mechanisms by which these hormones work to prevent pregnancy. Other mechanisms include reduced penetration of the egg by sperm, reduced implantation of fertilized eggs, thickening of cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration into the upper genital tract, and slowed tubal motility, which may delay transport of sperm.1 Thus, in... 

O Primary peritonitis develops in up to 25% of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.3 Patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) average one episode of peritonitis every 2 years.4 Secondary peritonitis may be caused by perforation of a peptic ulcer traumatic perforation of the stomach, small or large bowel, uterus, or urinary bladder appendicitis pancreatitis diverticulitis bowel infarction inflammatory bowel disease cholecystitis operative contamination of the peritoneum or diseases of the female genital tract such as septic abortion, postoperative uterine infection, endometritis, or salpingitis. Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of intraabdominal infection. In 1998, 278,000 appendectomies were performed in the United States for suspected appendicitis.5... 

O Currently, the goal of therapy is to maximally and durably suppress HIV replication in order to restore and preserve immune system function and minimize morbidity and mortality. Since HIV replication has been found in all areas of the body, it is important to use potent drug therapy that can achieve adequate concentrations in all tissues, including protected sites such as the brain and genital tract. 

Fouchecourt, S., et at (2002a). Mammalian lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase in the fluids of the male genital tract putative biochemical and physiological functions. Biot Reprod. 66, 458-67. 

Rutanen EM, Heikkinen J, Halonen K, Komi J, Lammintausta R, Ylikorkala O (2003) Effects of ospemifene, a novel SERM, on hormones, genital tract, climacteric symptoms, and quality of life in postmenopausal women a double-blind, randomized trial. Menopause 10(5) 433—439... 

The presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) is associated with female genital tract diseases such as condyloma, Bowenoid papulosis, and cervical, vaginal, and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. A general concern is the association of HPV with cervical cancer (Gl). The HPV consists of an icosahedral viral particle (virion) containing 8000 base pairs, a circular, double-stranded piece of DNA surrounded by a protein capsid. Viral replication takes place within the nuclei of infected squamous epithelial cells (H5). Following infection of epithelial cells, the viral DNA penetrates throughout the entire thickness of the epithelium, but intact viruses are found only in the upper layers of tissue. 

ML Margall, N., Matias-Guiu, X., Chilton, M., Coll, P., Alejo, M., Nunes, V., Quilez, M., Rabella, N., Prats, G., and Prat, J., Detection of human papilloma virus 16 and 18 DNA in epithelial lesions of the lower genital tract by in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31, 924-930 (1993). 

Cervical Cancer. In female AIDS patients, cancer of the cervix is observed with high frequency. Cervical cancer is a fairly common cancer in women, although it typically affects women of middle age or older. Infection with certain strains of human papilloma virus (HPV) that cause warts in the genital tract is an underlying cause of cervical cancer. 

Kobayashi, T Ueda, M., Araki, H., Toyoda, K., Ohmori, K., and Sawaragi, I. (1987) Immunocytochemical demonstration of chlamydia infection in the nro-genital tracts. Diag. Cytopathol. 3, 303-306. 

They must remain mobile for a considerable period of time, many hours, in the uterus and oviduct to increase the chance of meeting an ovum after ovulation. Spermatozoa can survive in the female genital tract 30 to 50 hours. 

Figure 19.5 k diagrammatic representation of the female genital tract. 

Gonorrhoea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gon-orrhoeae. It affects the mucous membranes of the genital tract of either sex. Symptoms include pain on urination and discharge of pus from the penis or vagina. 

Amikacin is indicated for the treatment of genital tract infections in the mare by intra-uterine infusion. 

EN Enteric RE Respiratory tract UG Uro-genital tract MA = Mastitis OP = Ophthalmic... 

Combination OCs - Combination OCs inhibit ovulation by suppressing the gonadotropins, FSH, and LH. Additionally, alterations in the genital tract, including cervical mucus (which inhibits sperm penetration) and the endometrium (which reduces the likelihood of implantation), may contribute to contraceptive effectiveness. 

Bacterial septicemia, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, intra-abdominal Infections and infections of the female pelvis and genital tract... 

Anaerobes Serious respiratory tract infections such as empyema, anaerobic pneumonitis, and lung abscess serious skin and soft tissue infections septicemia, intra-abdominal infections such as peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess (typically resulting from anaerobic organisms resident in the normal Gl tract) infections of the female pelvis and genital tract such as endometritis, nongonococcal tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic cellulitis, and postsurgical vaginal cuff infection. 

In women with lower-genital-tract carcinomas—cervical, vaginal, and vulvar carcinomas—hematogenous metastases are rarely present at diagnosis, and thus disease can frequently be controlled with local treatment. Small tumors can usually be treated with surgery alone, but cancers that penetrate deeply, particularly those that involve adjacent... 

Kross RD. 1997. Method and composition for prevention and treatment of female lower genital tract microbial infections. U.S. Patent No. 5,667.817. September 16, 1997. 

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