FE analysis

Based on the FE analysis and considering the practical range of the moduli and thickness ratios in SEA, the second term in the bracket in the above equation is small for 1 < a/h < 10. This range corresponds to maximum accuracy of the calibration. 

Specific results are calculated for SiC fiber-glass matrix composites with the elastic constants given in Table 4.1. A constant embedded fiber length L = 2.0 mm, and constant radii a = 0.2 mm and B = 2.0 mm are considered with varying matrix radius b. The stress distributions along the axial direction shown in Fig. 4.31 are predicted based on micromechanics analysis, which are essentially similar to those obtained by FE analysis for the two extremes of fiber volume fraction, V[, shown in Fig. 4.32. The corresponding FAS distribution calculated based on Eqs. (4.90) and (4.120), and IFSS at the fiber-matrix interface of Eqs. (4.93) and (4.132) are plotted along the axial direction in Fig. 4.32. 

Brighton, 23rd-25th April 1996, p.361-8. 42C382 FE ANALYSIS OF STRESSES IN WELDED CORNERS OF PVC-U PROFILES... 

In other disciplines, the FE method has been used to model powder compression for a relatively long time, but the first FE analysis of pharmaceutical powder compression appeared in 2002 (56). Since then, the method has been used by a number of researchers... 

The alumina-superalloy joints are intended to withstand high service temperatures (700 -1000 C) and thermal cycles typical in power generation processes. The fabrication of a joint should provide a relatively good strength but more important that it will remain relatively stable in the service conditions. Therefore, experimental studies for the joint design optimisation should be carried out and the data for novel procedures and for modelling the FG-structure and FE-analysis should be created. 

In figure 11, the residual stress distribution in the "NCN part obtained from the analysis is plotted against the experimental results from the electrochemical thinning method. The agreement between the results is highly satisfactory and validates the visco-elasto-plastic approach taken in the FE-analysis as well as the values of the input data. 

In the present analyses, prismatic dislocation loops distributed on different slip planes are used as agents for dislocation generation. For copper, sources length of about 0.60 p,m are used. It is worthy to mention that the boundary conditions of the computational cell sides are different in FE and DD parts of the code. In DD, periodic boundary condition for the representative volume element RVE is used to ensure both the continuity of the dislocation curves and the conservation of dislocation flux across the boundaries, by that we take into account the periodicity of single crystals in an infinite media. In FE analysis however, the sides are constrained to move only in the z direction so that a imiaxial strain consistent with the shock experiment is achieved. In order for the boundary conditions in FE and DD to be consistent, periodic FE bormdary condition is implemented as well. The result of this implementation is discussed in the next section. 

As mentioned previously, the boundary condition in DD and FE are different. Periodic boundary condition is used in DD analysis to take into account the periodicity of single crystals whereas confined boundary condition is used in the FE analysis to achieve the uniaxial state of strain. In order for the boundary conditions in FE and DD to be consistent, periodic FE boundary condition is implemented as well. This implementation of periodic FE boundary condition yields a relaxed state of stress with low peak pressure when compared to the experiment as illustrated in Fig. 9(a). Furthermore, both shear and longitudinal waves are generated which is discordant with plane wave characteristics as shown in Fig 9(b). Fig 10 shows the deformed shape when confined and periodic boundary conditions are used. In the confined case there is no distortion in the RVE. However, for the periodic case, considerable... 

A comparison of the predicted stresses from the FE analysis with the experimentally determined strength of the PTFE liner showed that the failure of the liner was to be expected. Even if the temperature of the liner was 20°C, the combination of internal pressure and axial load could have caused the axial split in the PTFE liner that was observed. 

Figure 5.19 Two color apparatus for the study of an overtone-induced reaction followed by time-delayed LIF or FE analysis of products. The two laser beams counterpropagate in the pressurized sample cell. Taken with permission from Rizzo et al. (1984). 

The FE analysis was conducted hy prescribing displacement and angular velocity of the pin tool and by imposing appropriate boundary conditions. The rate of pin penetration was prescribed in two time steps, based on an actual experimental setup. In step 1, the pin was... 

Sound knowledge of the joint behavior is required for a successful design of bonded joints. To characterize the bonded joint, the loading in the joint and the mechanical properties of the substrates and of the adhesives must be properly defined. The behavior of the bonded joint is investigated by finite element (FE) analysis methods. While for the design of large structures a cost-efficient modeling method is necessary, the nonlinear finite element methods with a hyperelastic material model are required for the detailed joint analysis. Our experience of joint analysis is presented below, and compared with test results for mass transportation applications. 

Fig. 32.10 FE analysis of hybrid low-floor COBRA tram structure.

Fig. 32.11 Detail FE analysis of a lap shear fatigue test, with strain = 20%.

Comparison of the TR08 Results from FE Analysis and from Measurement on Lathen Test Track... 

Fig. 32.14 Comparison of results from FE analysis and from measurements on the test track.

Experimental results were used to manufacture a fuUy bonded structural component of a rail vehicle side wall which was subsequently tested under static and dynamic loading conditions. FE-analysis was used for the design process of the component Test results are compared with FE-model predictions. 

Figure 14 shows typical results from this kind of measurement on two MOS devices for both n- and iJ-type a-Si H (Hirose et al. 1979). Plotted as well are results of field-effect measurements on the same samples. Generally speaking these curves indicate a smooth variation of g E) with E. There is a minimum indicated in the density of states of between 10 and 10 cm eV near midgap. The density of states derived from the FE analysis is somewhat higher than for C- F and indicates a hint of the E — OA eV peak reported in some of the other field-effect measurements. Since th FE results are based on an approximate analysis (parabolic profile) the differences between the densities of states displayed in Fig. 14 are probably not significant. Indeed, the parabolic profile analysis for field-effect data is expected to yield a g E) that is somewhat too large (see Part III). 

If no Fe is in the sample, as confirmed by sample analyses, it can be added as yield tracer for Fe analysis. After ion-exchange purification, the elutriant is measured by LS counting Fe and Fe in different energy regions. Cross-talk from the Fe beta particles in the Fe Auger electron region must be corrected, as well as color quenching from chemicals. 

Iron concentrations in extracts were measured in triplicates with a Hitachi-Z8100 atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a Zeeman correction system. The flame atomizer was used for extracts from total digestions and acid extractions the flameless graphite furnace was used for extracts of sulfidic iron. The contents of iron from sequential extractions were corrected for water contents (but not for salt contents) in sediments in order to get concentrations on a dry weight basis. Accuracy and precision for Fe analysis were checked by replicate extraction analysis (n = 5) of standard reference material BCSS-1, which is issued by the National Research Council, Canada and has a certified iron content of 3.287 0.098% our analytical value was 3.266 0.056%, indicating good accuracy of our analyses. The relative precision for iron determination in this study is better than 5%. 

Stress and strength modelling finite element (FE) analysis... 

Modelling of textile and, in particular, woven composites is an established, mature field, which has passed a long way of increasing model complexity from early models referring to the classical laminate theory, adapted to account for knockdown factors due to fibre crimp, to advanced models of today, based on meso-level (woven unit cell) FE analysis. Several specialised commercial and open-source numerical tools for simulation of textile unit cells are now available. 

Lomov SV, Ivanov DS, Verpoest I, Zako M, Kurashiki T, Nakai H, et al. FuU field strain measurements for validation of meso-FE analysis of textile composites. Composites Part A 2008 39 1218-31. 

Li S, Warrior NA, Zou Z, Ahnaskari F. A unit cell for FE analysis of materials with the microstmcture of a staggered pattern. Composites Part A 2011 42 801—11. 

Daggumati S, Voet E, Van Paepegem W, Degrieck J, Xu J, Lomov SV, et al. Local strain in a 5-hamess satin weave composite under static tension Part II — Meso-FE analysis. Compos Sci Technol 2011 71(8) 1217—24. 

If the critical force is exceeded, a FE analysis is needed to model the extent of the damage crack front as the energy is absorbed. A fine mesh is needed to capture the precise extent of the front. 

The constitutive model parameters for PZ-III model were calibrated using the centrifuge test data from the loose, level sand bed test series shown in Figure 7. All the FE analysis results reported in this article are for an 18m deep, loose sand layer and are presented at prototype scale. In Figure 9 the FE discretisation used in these analyses is presented. A series of FE analyses were carried out for different bearing pressures applied by the bridge foundation on to the foundation soil for a sinusoidal input motion of 0. Ig. In Figure 10, the time histories obtained from the FE analyses for... 

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