Dynamic loadings

Fig. 12. Dynamic loading and unloading of a 2onal rotor, (a) Gradient is loaded while rotor is spinning at 2000 rpm (b) a sample is injected at 2000 rpm, followed by injection of overlay (c) particles separated when the rotor is mnning at speed and (d) contents are unloaded by introducing a dense solution at...

C = basic dynamic load rating in kg or N (provided by the bearing manufacturer). It is the load which will give a life of 1 million revolutions P - equivalent dynamic bearing load in kg or N p = exponent of the life equation, which depends upon the type of contact between the races and the rolling elements. It is recommended as 3 for ball bearings and 10/3 for roller bearings = speed of the machine in r.p.m. 

Lf, - normal life of bearing in working hours C = basic dynamic load rating (kg or /V)... 

To take up the vertical dynamic load of busbars and to prevent them from sliding down, two sets of thrust pads are generally provided on the busbars in each standard length of the rising mains, as illustrated in Figure 28.3(a). 

Gupta, Y.M. and W.J. Murri (1982), Piezoelectric Shear Stress Gauge for Dynamic Loading, in Shock Waves in Condensed Matter—1981 (edited by W.J. Nellis, L. Seaman, and R.A. Graham) American Institute of Physics, New York, pp. 525-529. 

Jones, O.E. (1972), Metal Response under Dynamic Loading, in Behavior and Utilization of Explosives in Engineering Design (edited by Henderson R.L.), University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 125-148. 

More general dynamic loading conditions can lead to more complex domains of tensile stress and spall. For example, in a Taylor impact experiment (Kipp and Davison, 1981), where a short cylinder of material is caused to undergo symmetric normal impact on the flat surface of a large block of material, a roughly spherical region within the cylinder is carried into dynamic tension and can undergo spall. 

The energy which drives the fragmentation process (elastic plus kinetic) is determined by the dynamic loading conditions and does not directly depend on the properties of the material at issue. The fragmentation energy, on the other hand, is an intimate property of the material and can depend in a complex way on the thermal and dynamic conditions at spall, as well as on the deformation history of the material leading to spall. 

Cagnoux, J. and F. Longy (1988), Proc. DYMAT88 International Conference on Mechanical and Physical Behavior of Materials under Dynamic Loading, Les Editions de Physique, France, pp. 3-10. 

Karnes, C.H., The Plate Impact Configuration for Determining Mechanical Properties of Materials at High Strain Rates, in Mechanical Behavior of Materials Under Dynamic Loads (edited by Lindholm, U.S.), Springer-Verlag, New York, 1968, pp. 270-293. 

In contrast to pipelines and harbor installations, platforms are dynamically loaded. Therefore in the choice of steels, in addition to strength and types of machinability, the risk of corrosion fatigue and strain-induced stress corrosion must be taken into account in combination with cathodic protection (see Sections 2.3.3 to 2.3.5). 

Cable, C. W. and Virene, E. P. 1967 Structural Reliability with Nonually Distributed Static and Dynamic Loads and Strength. In Proceedings Annual Sympo.mim on Reliability, 329-336. 

Dynamic load response time This is the amount of time it requires the power supply to recover to within load regulation limits in response to a step change in the load. 

The second group of structural materials in the iron base category is steels. They have obtained an exclusive importance because of their strength, viscosity, and their ability to withstand dynamic loads. Also,... 

The four primary coolant pumps are connected to the secondary shield wall by three-link snubbers designed to be flexible under static applied loads (thus, allowing thermal expansion) but become stiff under dynamic loads that might occur during an earthquake. Accordingly, the system is coupled to the wall under seismic loading. 

DSC helps in determining the glass-transition temperature, vulcanization, and oxidative stability. TG mainly is applied for the quantitative determination of major components of a polymer sample. TMA or DLTMA (dynamic load thermomechanical analysis) measures the elastic properties viz. modulus. 

Dynamic loading The loading imposed upon a structure as a result of motion as opposed to static loading. 

Dynamic stress The varying or fluctuating stress occurring in a structural member as a result of dynamic loading. 

All conditions listed in the section titled Load Capacities, subsection titled Mast and Derricks under Dynamic Conditions," are to be specified by the user. Forces resulting from wind and vessel motion are to be calculated in accordance with the formulas presented in the section titled Design Specifications, paragraphs titled Wind, Dynamic Loading (Induced by Floating Hull Motion). ... 

In addition to withstanding some minimum load or loads (sections titled Load Capacities and Design Specifications ), derricks and masts that satisfy API standards must also satisfy certain requirements regarding materials, allowable stresses, wind, dynamic loading, earthquakes and extremes of temperature. 

Wind and Dynamic Stresses (Induced by Floating Hull Motion). Allowable unit stresses may be increased one-third over basic allowable stresses when produced by wind or dynamic loading, acting alone, or in combination with the design dead load and live loads, provided the required section computed on this basis is not less than required for the design dead and live loads and impact (if any), computed without the one-third increase. 

Dynamic Loading (Induced by Floating Hull Motion)... 

SF = safety factor to account for dynamic loads when slips are set on moving drill pipe (SF = 1.1)... 

In well engineering and applications, cement must be dealt with in both its slurry form and in its set form. At the surface the cement must be mixed and then pumped with surface pumping equipment through tubulars to a designated location in the well. After the cement has set, its structure must support the various static and dynamic loads placed on the well tubulars. 

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