Evaluation of patients

Clinical Evaluation of Patients With Inhalant Use Disorders... 

Zuraw B, Sugimoto S, Curd J The value of rocket Immunoelectrophoresis for C4 activation in the evaluation of patients with angioedema or Cl-inhibitor deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986 78 1115-1120. 

Aldrete JA, O Higgins JW Evaluation of patients with history of allergy to local anesthetic drugs. South Med J 1971 64 1118-1121. 

Wolpert SM, Bmckmann H, Greenlee R, Wechsler L, Pessin MS, del Zoppo GJ. Neuroradiologic evaluation of patients with acute stroke treated with recomhinant tissue plasminogen activator. The rt-PA Acute Stroke Study Group. Am J Neuroradiol 1993 14 3-13. 

Fieschi C, Argentine C, Lenzi GL, Sacchetti ML, Toni D, Bozzao L. Clinical and instrumental evaluation of patients with ischemic stroke within the first six hours. J Neurol Sci. 1989 91 311-321. 

The practicing clinician has a number of different tests available to aid in the evaluation of patients with suspected hepatitis C. These include measurement of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, liver biopsy, serological tests (ELISA and recombinant immunoblot assay), and molecular methods for detection and quantitation of HCV RNA. 

Boden SD (1996) The use of radiographic imaging studies in the evaluation of patients who have degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am 78(1 ) 114-124... 

A diagnosis of HF should be considered in patients exhibiting characteristic signs and symptoms. A complete history and physical examination with appropriate laboratory testing are essential in the initial evaluation of patients suspected of having F1F. 

Because contrast studies are expensive, invasive, and technically difficult to perform and evaluate, noninvasive tests (e.g., ultrasonography, computed tomography scans, and the ventilation-perfusion scan) are used frequently for the initial evaluation of patients with suspected VTE. 

Patient age and hormonal status in women should be considered in the initial evaluation of patients with skin disorders. Older patients are predisposed to developing psoriasis, seborrhea, and other skin conditions. Atopic dermatitis is most likely to occur in children. Menopausal women tend to develop brown hyperpigmentation, or melasma. Pregnant women may develop hyperpigmentation of the areola and genitalia as well as melasma. 

The evaluation of patients treated for IE includes assessment of signs and symptoms, blood cultures, microbiologic tests (e.g., MIC, minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC], or serum bactericidal titers), serum drug concentrations, and other tests to evaluate organ function. 

Maintenance Evaluation of patients with schizophrenia who had been stable on other antipsychotic medications for periods of 3 months or longer, were discontinued from those medications, and were then administered aripiprazole 15 mg/day and who were observed for relapse for up to 26 weeks demonstrated a benefit of such maintenance treatment. Periodically reassess patients to determine the need for maintenance treatment. 

Bonow RO. Functional evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease selection of appropriate pharmacologic agents and imaging modalities. Eur Heart J 1995 16 SupplM ll-16... 

ABP is clinically most useful in patients with suspected white-coat hypertension . It is also helpful in patients with apparent drug resistance, hypotensive symptoms with antihypertensive agents, episodic hypertension and autonomic dysfunction. However, this procedure should not be used indiscriminately, such as in the routine evaluation of patients with suspected hypertension. 

The availability of new molecular approaches to the selection of drug therapy is an emerging need, because the traditional approach based on the evaluation of patient and tumor characteristics is clearly far from optimal. Many treated patients do not experience significant benefits from the treatment, while they often experience moderate to severe toxicities. In addition, the development and clinical use of novel molecularly targeted agents (alone or in combination with classical cytotoxic therapy) requires the understanding of the molecular features of the tumors and the identification of tumor markers of response. 

These drugs were developed from mustard gas used during the First World War. In addition to bone marrow suppression they cause pulmonary toxicity, that can lead to fibrosis and death. The fibrosis, which is not reversible, can be detected by pulmonary function studies, which should be included in the pre-operative evaluation of patients receiving these drugs. 

Organic acid analysis could be performed in other biological specimens [14, 22] when targeting specific analyte(s) in previously diagnosed patients, or fetuses at risk for a specific condition. Plasma/serum profiling is not helpful in the laboratory evaluation of patients without a specific diagnosis, and should be avoided [2]. 

Acylcarnitine analysis was first performed in urine specimens in the evaluation of patients with organic acidemias. However, because it was found that acylcarnitine analysis of plasma is more informative for the diagnosis of FAO disorders than analysis of urine specimens, plasma has become the preferred specimen [17]. It is only recently that it was shown that urine acylcarnitine analysis still has a role in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with organic acidurias but uninformative or borderline abnormal results of plasma acylcarnitine and urine organic acid analysis [18-21]. In our laboratory, sample preparation and analysis is identical to that of plasma once a urine aliquot has been prepared that is based on the creatinine concentration. 

Evaluation of patient-derived data is performed by comparative densitometric analysis of ApoC-III IEF patterns from healthy controls (Fig. 4.5.10). 

Larsen PR, Davies TF, Schlumberger MJ, Hay ID. Thyroid physiology and diagnostic evaluation of patients with thyroid disorders. In Larsen PR, et al, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 10th ed. Philadelphia WB Saunders 2003. 

A control process will address four areas service quality, patient/client satisfaction, financial performance, and service growth. Service quality will be assessed by using a brief report card to evaluate the quality of a sample of the written reports of medication reviews. An annual survey of patient/client satisfaction with the service processes and outcomes will allow evaluation of patient satisfaction. The pharmacy s income statement will be developed to monitor the financial performance of the new programs. This will include service revenue, associated costs, and any net profit. Service growth will be tracked by tabulating the number of service clients and the number of service episodes each month. 

Ignajatovic, S., Majkic-Singh, N., Mitrovic, M., and Gvozdenovic, M., Biochemical evaluation of patients with acute pancreatitis. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 38, 1141-1144 (2000). 

P8. Provost, T. T., Watson, R., and Simmons-O Brien, E., Significance of anti-Ro (SS-A) antibody in evaluation of patients with cutaneous manifestations of a connective tissue disease. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 35, 147—169 (1996). 

Guidelines for clinical and laboratory evaluation of patients with monoclonal gammopathies have been proposed (K7). These proposals address in addition electrophoretic, immunofixation, and quantitative techniques for measurement of M protein, and also provide guidelines for serum viscosity and cryoglobulin measurements. 

Another contribution of gene cloning is the expression in transfected CHO cells of the N-terminal and C-terminal part of ACE (206). It has also allowed a more in-depth characterization of ACE inhibitors at its two active sites in the presence of different substrates, including N-acetyl (SDKP), whose hemoregulatory properties and physiological role are now being defined and which may become a target for future therapeutic research (207-210). In the meantime, the measurement of N-acetyl SDKP in plasma and urines may be a tool for the follow-up evaluation of patients compliance with ACE inhibitors (211). 

Neuroimaging offers a tremendous utility in the evaluation of patients with transient neurological symptoms. In contrast to the long-standing notion that TIAs are associated with rapid and complete resolution of brain ischemia before any permanent... 

Adequate evaluation of patient acceptability and compliance of buccal patches should include a clinical examination to observe local tolerance, and the incidence and degree of irritation. Trials should also involve the use of questionnaires, in order to determine a subject assessment of such factors as ... 

A population PK evaluation of patients from the safety and efficacy trials can be used to assess the impact of renal function on the disposition of a drug. Special care must be taken that patients with severe renal impairment are adequately represented in the population. The population PK approach assess the impact of various covariates on the disposition of a drug. Non linear mixed effects modeling may be used to model the relationship between various covariates and pharmacokinetic parameters. CLcr as a measure of renal function may be one of the covariates. This type of approach has it advantageous as it involves assessment of the effect of renal impairment on the PK in the target population. 

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