Report cards

Powers W. Testing a test a report card for DWI in acute stroke. Neurology 2000 54 1549-1551. 

Consumers Union (2001). A Report Card for the EPA Successes and Failures in Implementing the Food Quality Protection Act. Consumers Union of the United States, Yonkers, NY. 

Smith, D., "Addressing Racial Inequalities in Health Civil Rights Monitoring and Report Cards," Hlth. Politics Policy L., 23, 75-105 (1998). 

ROCK C L, THORNQUIST M D, KRISTAL A R, PATTERSON R E, COOPER D A, NEUHOUSER M L, neumark-sztainer D and cheskin l j (1999), Demographic, dietary and lifestyle factors differentially explain variability in serum carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins baseline results from the sentinel site of the Olestra Post-Marketing Surveillance Study , J Nutr, 129(4), 855-64. rodale (1996), The Prevention Index - a report card on the nation s health, 1996 summary report. Rodale Press, Inc, Emmaus, Pennsylvania. SANDLER R S, ZORICH N L, FILLOON T G, WISEMAN H B, LIETZ D J, BROCK M H, ROYER M G and MIDAY R K (1999), Gastrointestinal symptoms in 3181 volunteers ingesting snack foods containing olestra or triglycerides , Annals Internal Med, 130, 253-61. 

Wardle D.I., J.B. Kerr, C.T. McElroy and D.R. Francis (Eds ), Ozone Science A Canadian perspective on the changing ozone layer, 119 pp., Environment Canada Report CARD 97-3,1997. 

While health care accreditation organizations have existed for quite a while, quality data were not readily available to the general public until recendy. These quality measurements (sometimes called report cards ) make health care quality indicators readily available to the public. This encourages health care organizations to compete on the basis of quality and creates markets where quality, not just cost containment, is rewarded (Blumenthal and Kilo, 1998 O Malley, 1997). 

The Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HED IS) is a health care report card created by NCQA. HEDIS standardizes health plan performance data and disseminates this information so that plans can be compared (O Malley, 1997). This allows health care purchasers and consumers to make informed choices (O Malley, 1997). HEDIS s performance domains include effectiveness of care, access and availability of care, health plan stability, use of services, cost of care, informed health care choices, satisfaction with the experience of care, and health plan descriptive information. 

In the future, the accreditation process may become more focused on outcomes measurement. Eventually, health care report cards may be more accessible and easy to understand, thus helping to produce a market for quality. Some discussion of adjusting copayments to encourage patients to use providers that meet the standards purchasers have set has already occurred (Lovern, 2001). In some cases, pharmacy quality improvement may be mandated by state and local governments. For example, a new law in the state of Arizona requires that every pharmacy participate in a CQI program (Arizona Revised Statutes, 2007). 

So what does this mean for pharmacy practice More pharmacists must understand continuous quality improvement and be able to develop, implement, and measure the outcomes of such a plan. This could provide an opportunity for a community pharmacy report card (quality measurement) system on which pharmacies can compete on the basis of quality. Such a system may provide a great opportunity for pharmacies to advertise quality outcomes to payers and patients. If such a system is successful, quality could drive patient choices and payer decisions. Ultimately the pharmacies with the highest quality may get more market share or obtain higher reimbursement rates for certain services. 

Blumenthal D, Kilo CM. 1998. A report card on continuous quality improvement. Milbank Q76 625. 

O Malley C. 1997. Quality measurement for health systems Accreditation and report cards. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 54 1528. 

Service quality Service providers will be debriefed about their impressions of the quality of their first three service episodes for each program and periodically thereafter. A brief report card will evaluate the quality of the written report of the medication reviews. 

A control process will address four areas service quality, patient/client satisfaction, financial performance, and service growth. Service quality will be assessed by using a brief report card to evaluate the quality of a sample of the written reports of medication reviews. An annual survey of patient/client satisfaction with the service processes and outcomes will allow evaluation of patient satisfaction. The pharmacy s income statement will be developed to monitor the financial performance of the new programs. This will include service revenue, associated costs, and any net profit. Service growth will be tracked by tabulating the number of service clients and the number of service episodes each month. 

You calculate that your semester average in history is 97.5. When you get your report card, your average is 96. What was the percent error of your calculation ... 

Harwell MA, Myers V, Young T, Bartuska A, Gassman N, Gentile J, Harwell C, Appelbaum S, Barko J, Causey B, Johnson C, McLean A, Smola RT, Templet P, Tosini S. 1999. A framework for an ecosystem integrity report card. Bioscience 49 543-556. 

Brief, statistical SRV Test Compliance Summaries are prepared and are provided to higher levels of management. Compliance reports list the total number of SRVs in the area and the total number (and total percentage) that are overdue for testing, if any. They serve as a periodic report card, signifying which process areas are in compliance and which are delinquent. [8]... 

Powers WJ (2000) Testing a test. A report card for DWI in acute stroke. Neurology 54 1549-1551 Powers WJ, Zivin JA (1998) Magnetic resonance imaging in acute stroke. Not ready for prime time. Neurology 50 842-843... 

Do you know what to include in your scrapbook (12) The more variety you use, the better. (13) How about some photographs, ticket stubs, and postcards (14) You might want to include personal letters, drawings, report cards, or greeting cards. (15) Other possibilities include newspaper clippings, pressed flowers, concert programs, and certificates. (16) I have all of those in mine and it looks fantastic. 

Persky, H. R., Reese, C. M., O Sullivan, C. Y., Lazer, S., Moore, J., and Shakrani, S. (1996). NAEP 1994 geography report card findings from the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Washington, D.C. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement. 

EDF (2007b) High Hopes, Low Marks. A Final Report Card on the High Production Volume Chemical Challenge. Washington, DC Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). 

Neurodevelopmental and cognitive outcomes among prenatally cocaine exposed children have been documented by measuring school performance in 62 cocaine-exposed and 73 control children who were students at an American inner-city school (328). The children were followed prospectively from birth to the end of the 4th grade. Their report cards, standardized test results, teacher and parent reports, and birth and early childhood data were... 

Bunn, Matthew, Anthony Wier, and John Holdren, Controlling Nuclear Warheads and Materials A Report Card and Action Plan, Project on Managing the Atom, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, March 2003. 

U.S. Department of Energy, The Secretary of Energy Advisory Board, A Report Card on the Department of Energy s Nonproliferation Programs with Russia, Washington,... 

Read the following objective for writing assessment from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, NAEP, the people who oversee the most notable writing assessment tests in our country, as well as publish The Nation s Report Card ... 

If you prepare graphic organizers for the topics laid out by essay prompts, if you construct 1-2-3 maps because you understand how they remind you of essential beginning, middle, and ending statements or paragraphs, please use them Visual maps are not the end they are the means to the end. Here s how The Nation s Report Card experts say it ... 

The characteristics for Idea and Content, especially/resk and original ideas really do reflect the writer s goal to illustrate and elaborate ideas. But how do good writers elaborate their ideas Here s what The Nation s Report Card experts look for ... 

National Committee for Quality Assurance. NCQA report cards, http // hprc.ncqa.org/menu.asp, accessed June 25, 2003. 

American College of Emergency Physicians. (2006). The national report card on the state of emergency medicine. Retrieved February 10, 2006, from http //my.acep.org/site/PageServer pagename=wplJiomepage... 

The Nation s Report Card Science 2005 NCES 2006-466 National Center for Educational Statistics Washington, DC, 2006. 

---