Dishwashing Liquid

Cg pH-sensitive film had a dynamic range from 6 to 8 and Cg-film responded at higher pH values (8-10).The membranes showed good reproducibility, reversibility and a short response time (<10 s). They also can be used for at least 3 months without any considerable absolution deviations. These sensors can be used for direct determination of pH in drinking water detergent and dishwasher liquid that have good agreement with pH meter data. 

TABLE 5 LAS Homolog Formulation Characteristics in a Hand Dishwashing Liquid Formulation 24% LAS/6% AES/2% Amide/5 % SXS... 

FIG. 9 Viscosity-reducing effect of C12 average tetralinsulfonate on C12 average LAS (blended from pure homologs) in a 24% LAS/6% AES/2% amide/5% SXS dishwashing liquid. 

FIG. 11 Hardness effect on foam stability of LAS homologs in a 24% LAS/6% AES/ 2% amide dishwashing liquid. Conditions 46°C, 0.05% concentration, Keen soil. (From Ref. 19.)... 

The combination of LAS, AES, and alkanolamide has been used successfully in dishwashing liquids for many years. A typical formulation is shown below ... 

In addition to the performance advantages for a high LAS-to-AES ratio, there are economic and formulation advantages. Generally LAS is less expensive than AES on the commercial market. Not surprisingly, the formulations of many commercial dishwashing liquids follow a similar high LAS-to-AES ratio. 

LDL light-duty liquid or hand dishwashing liquid Pacol a dehydrogenation technology developed by UOP Corporation used in many LAB plants STPP sodium tripolyphosphate... 

Besides improvement of the dermatological properties of cosmetic formulations, the mildness of household detergents such as dishwashing liquids may also be increased [72,144]. Several authors [51,57,61,64,68,72,144,215] mention, in addition to the good dermatological properties, a good biodegradability and nontoxicity. 

C in a Terg-o-Tometer. They tested commercial AOS, SAS, AS, and LAS detergents in two formulations one contains surfactant (25%) and sodium sulfate (75%) and is called a light-duty dishwash formulation. The other one contains surfactant (25%), sodium tripolyphosphate (35%), sodium silicate (8%), carboxymethylcellulose (1%), and sodium sulfate (31%), and is called a heavy-duty dishwash liquid. The results in Table 26 show that the AOS-containing formulations have superior performance, followed by SAS, AS, and LAS. 

To make a spray to rid a plant of aphids or caterpillars, simmer 8 oz. of leaves in 1 quart of water for 30 minutes, stirring several times. Cool and strain out the herbs. Add 1 tsp. of dishwashing liquid and... 

Handbook of Surfactants (Porter), 24 144 Hand creams, surfactants in, 24 158-159 Hand-dishwashing liquids, acute oral LD50 ranges, S 446t... 

Glycerin Ethanol Cooking oil Joy or Dawn dishwashing liquid... 

Enhanced consumer health, e.g. skin care rendered by dishwashing liquids... 

LD = laundry detergents, DW = dishwashing liquids, ADW = automatic dishwasher detergents, HC = household cleaners, FC = fabric conditioners... 

Choose acids or alkalis to render the optimum pH for best performance of surfactants and enzymes (typically 6-8 for dishwashing liquids, 9.5-11 for laundry detergents, and 8-12 for allpurpose household cleaners). 

Alcohol ether sulfates (R0(CH2CH20)S03"Na-") - alcohol ethoxy-late reacted with sulfur trioxide and then neutralized in NaOH. Application s include dishwashing liquids and shampoos, home laundry powders, and personal care products. 

The major uses of linear alkylbenzenes are in the manufacture of linear alkyl sulfonates, LAS, for laundry (70%), light duty dishwashing liquids (15%), industrial cleaners (12%), and household cleaners (3%). 

Historically, these sulfonates have been difficult to produce in good quality and to formulate into laundry powders because of thermal and hydrolytic stability problems. Used basically as an anionic, oleochemically sourced replacement for LAS, FAE sulfonate benefits include good detergency at low concentration, low environmental load, and good supply of high quality material (71). To avoid possible thermal stability problems, these sulfonates have found application in liquid products. They are used in at least one U.S. dishwashing liquid, and the cocoyl derivative, Alpha-Step MC48, is marketed by Stepan Chemical Company. 

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