Commercial testing

It is advisable to test the potassium iodide - starch pap>er with acidified sodium nitrite solution the commercial test paper is, particularly if it has been kept for a considerable period, sometimes almost useless. The solution must contain an excess of acid at all times, i.e., it must give a blue colour on Congo rod paper. 

M or motor companies perform commercial tests on their motors at various stages of manufacture and for final conformance to design and specifications. TECO-Westinghouse Motor Co. lists the following, which are reproduced hy permission ... 

No-load running current and power Check current balance Measure winding resistance High potential test Vihration test per NEMA MG 1-20.53 If a commercial test witness is desired, a commercial test described above must be made in all cases. A re-test is necessary when a witness test is specified. The Com-... 

Coastal Corporation conducted commercial test of ultrashort residence time, selective cracking. 

The limitations of ELISA methods include the specificity of antibodies, the concentrations of primary antibody and antigen, and the type of reaction solution. Nonspecific binding of either of the antibodies to related antigens, unrelated proteins of other bacteria, or even the microtiter plate may lead to false positive reactions.49,52 57 Use of a monoclonal antibody may decrease crossreactivity with other antigens. For detection of low numbers of bacteria, as in drinking water, the sample may be filtered to concentrate the cells or cultured in a selective broth until it reaches the minimum detection limit for ELISA.49,58 Commercial test kits using dipsticks, immunoblots, and sandwich ELISA methods have been developed for the identification of pathogenic bacteria.58,59... 

Blood Addition of 50 pL of blood into reagent, mixing, and transferring to sensor strip (commercial test kit) Gold electrode sensor 1.4 pg/dL No data ESA 1998... 

Commercial Testing Labs. The Commercial Testing Lab is a service organization whose product is its tests. Its profitability is dependent on providing a high quality of service while minimizing its own cost per test. 

The commercial testing lab may not need the data base of the R D lab nor the speed of the Quality assurance lab, but because of the immediate link between its operations and its economic success, a system would be deemed beneficial if it reduced cost per test, enhanced responsiveness to customers, or speeded the collection of receivables through automatic invoicing. 

Commercial Testing. The commercial test lab is by definition, in the business of testing. The satisfaction of its customers is paramount. Quality service and responsiveness holds old customers and attracts new ones. Getting dependable data fast is important, but here cost is critical. In a competitive market, the ability of LIMS to bring down the effective cost per test means more profit and/or the ability to keep or increase one s market share by lowering prices. 

Commercial Testing. Once again, in the commercial test lab environment, the ultimate test for LIMS is whether it makes the lab itself more profitable without regard for how its product, information is being used by others. 

A technique in which a substance is heated in stages Barton and until very slow decomposition [or other reaction] is Rogers 1997 detected. The substance is then held under adiabatic conditions and the course of the decomposition [or other reaction] is monitored. (Also the name of a commercial test apparatus.)... 

Commercial tests Yes, via review of Inspection of HCFA of Same as HCFA if state... 

A variety of miscellaneous elements can also occur in a residual fuel oil fraction. For example, chlorine is present as a chlorinated hydrocarbon and can be determined (ASTM D808, D1317, D6160). A rapid test method suitable for analysis of samples by nontechnical personnel is also available (ASTM D5384) and uses a commercial test kit where the oil sample is reacted with metallic sodium to convert organic halogens to halide, which is titrated with mercuric nitrate using diphenyl carbazone indicator. Iodides and bromides are reported as chloride. 

Kaolin had little or no cracking activity, and catalyst activity as tested in the laboratory was directly related to silica-alumina gel content. However, the catalyst performed much better in commercial tests than anticipated from laboratory testing. Undoubtedly, this open structure encountered much less severe conditions at the outer surface of the microsphere during regenerations and made internal catalytic surfaces more readily available. This first of the so-called "semisynthetics" was called Nalco 783, and the matrix is still used in many forms some 28 years later.(7,13) Today it is estimated that some 200,000 tons/yr. of kaolin clay is used for cracking catalyst manufacture as reported by Georgia Kaolin Corporation.(24) Figure 10 shows the pore volume distribution for Nalco 783 and two other commercial semisynthetics from that period. 

Another application is to ultrapyrolyze cellulose and other biomass wastes. Commercial tests show that one can transform about 75% of wood into oil, and about 70% of sawdust into oil-useful liquids having the consistency of light engine oil. Much research is proceeding on this application (from Bergougnou, 1998). 

Bruu, A., R. Hjetland, E. Holter, L. Mortensen, et al. Evaluation of 12 Commercial Tests for Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus-Specific and Heterophile Antibodies. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 7no. 3 (2000) 451-456. 

Other coal gasifiers, eg Shell-Koppers and Texaco, have been commercially tested elsewhere. These operate at higher temperatures than the Lurgi reactors and consequently produce a gas with a lower CH. content and a lower H2/CO ratio. They use less steam but more oxygen. A discussion of xhe pros and cons of the various coal gasifiers is beyond the scope of this review. 

Phenotypical isolates from purified water shall be characterized. Biochemical testing (such as oxidase test, urease test, catalase test, citrate test, coagulase test, and indole test) and commercial test kits (such as API tests) and reagents may be used for conformation of some unique isolates. 

Note The organism recovered from production environments may be highly stressed due to physical factors, contact with chemicals, and thermal stress. It may be difficult to obtain typical biochemical reactions with these isolates. The databases for commercial test kits and ID systems are often designed for clinical isolates and may be incomplete with regard to industrial isolates. Thus, interpretation of such microbial data requires experienced judgment. 

Every marketed product has a level of endotoxin tolerated based on the minimum pyrogenic dose and amount of the drug to be administered as per Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines [19]. However, there are none for the more advanced chemical assays described here. Indeed there are only a few highly specialized university laboratories that currently have experience in trace chemical analysis of LPS and PG. There are no commercial testing laboratories. Simplification and automation will allow more widespread availability of these methods. 

LCAT acts preferentially on lipids transported by HDL (so-called a-LCAT activity), but also on lipids transported by apoB-containing lipoproteins (so-called jS-LCAT activity) [58, 85]. In practice, LCAT activity is measured either as the activity required to esterify radioactive cholesterol that has been exogenously incorporated into native HDL or into artificial HDL-like particles (a-LCAT activity) or which has been equilibrated with endogenous lipoproteins of the plasma sample (cholesterol esterification rate, CER) [21, 58, 85]. Several variations of these assays have been reported, some of which are available as commercial test kits (e.g., Roar Biomedical, New York, USA). In addition, LCAT concentration can be determined by either laboratory-made tests or by a commercial ELISA kits [57]. However, the decrease in LCAT concentration is difficult to judge since it also decreases secondary to HDL deficiency due to causes other than LCAT deficiency. Plasma from patients with LCAT deficiency fails to esterify radioactive cholesterol provided by any substrate. By contrast, plasmas of patients with fish-eye disease show a near-normal cholesterol ester-fication rate but have a selective inability to esterify radioactive cholesterol provided to plasma with native HDL or reconstituted HDL (a-LCAT activity) [58, 85]. 

Casein can be precipitated from solution by any of several salts. Addition of (NH4)2S04 to milk to a concentration of 260 g 1 1 causes complete precipitation of the casein together with some whey proteins (immunoglobulins, Ig). MgS04 may also be used. Saturation of milk with NaCl at 37°C precipitates the casein and Igs while the major whey proteins remain soluble, provided they are undenatured. This characteristic is the basis of a commercial test used for the heat classification of milk powders which contain variable levels of denatured whey proteins. 

O Gorman et al. (19) used radiochemical NAA as a referee method in evaluating the determination of mercury by atomic absorption techniques. A commercial testing laboratory did the neutron activation analyses. 

The coal used for this study was taken from a working face of Utah Spring Canyon Coal Mine. The analysis as given by Commercial Testing and Engineering Co. for the sample (calculated on a dry basis) is shown below. 

Table I presents the proximate and the ultimate analyses of the coals used in the study. Coals A, B, D, and E were obtained from and analyzed by the United States Bureau of Mines. The coal samples were crushed by the Bureau to pass through 60 mesh before analyzing them. The coal which passed through 60 and was retained on 100 mesh was used in this study. Coal C was obtained directly from the mine and was analyzed by the Commercial Testing and Engineering Co., Cleveland, Ohio.

There is a trend in commercial testing of product quality to introduce non-destructive methods, in other words, tests that leave no defects in the tested materials that would affect their working properties. The use of these methods not only spares products but also permits more frequent testing, and gives better product quality control. This should be considered in the choice of hardness determination method. 

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