Automatic Liquid Dishwash Detergent

Dissolve builders in water. Add remainder of ingredients in the order given with agitation. 

Appearance Clear liquid pH, as is 12.0 Density, lbs/gal 10.42 Viscosity 25C Water thin Use Instructions  

Measure into machine to give concentrations of 2 to 4 oz/gal Comment  

If a viscous product is desired, a clay thickener can be added at levels of 1.0-5.0% prior to the addition of builders. SOURCE Stepan Co. Formulation No. 25 

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Hydrotrope and detergent for highly alkaline, acidic, or high electrolyte and bleach containing solutions. Low, fast breaking foam with moderate wetting. Used in acid cleaners and is excellent for carpet steam extraction cleaners and automatic liquid dishwash. 

LD = laundry detergents, DW = dishwashing liquids, ADW = automatic dishwasher detergents, HC = household cleaners, FC = fabric conditioners... 

Use builders with pKCa > 5 with minimum molecular weight for liquid automatic dishwasher detergents. In general, the order of preference is substituted malonate > malonate > succinate > acetate > propionate [20]. 

P. Gorlin and N. Dixit, Liquid automatic dishwasher detergents, in K. Y. Lai, (ed.), Liquid detergents, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1997. 

Liquid automatic dishwasher detergents (LADDs) were first introduced to the U.S. and European markets in 1986. Prior to that, all dishwasher detergents were in powder form. LADDs have slowly gained popularity since their introduction. At the same time there has been an increase in the number of households with dishwashers, especially in the U.S. and Europe. By the early 2000s about half of U.S. households had dishwashers. LADDs account for about 40% of the dishwasher detergent market 40% is accounted for by the powder form and 20% by the new unit-dosed form. 

III. COMPONENTS OF LIQUID AUTOMATIC DISHWASHER DETERGENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES... 

The automatic dishwasher detergents in today s marketplace, both liquid and powder versions, deliver cleaning performance that is acceptable to most consumers. However, one area in which consumers would like to see product improvement is in cleaning of baked-on, cooked-on, and dried-on food soils. These soils are tenaciously stuck to surfaces and are hard to remove unless strong mechanical forces are applied. To make the cleaning task of such hard-to-remove soils easier, special liquid formulations, often referred to as prespotters, have been developed. 

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