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Degradeable polymers

Thermal, Thermooxidative, and Photooxidative Degradation. Polymers of a-olefins have at least one tertiary C-H bond in each monomer unit of polymer chains. As a result, these polymers are susceptible to both thermal and thermooxidative degradation. Reactivity in degradation reactions is especially significant in the case of polyolefins with branched alkyl side groups. For example, thermal decomposition of... [Pg.426]

Other materials that are often referred to as secondary plasticizers iaclude materials such as epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) and epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and similar materials. These can act as lubricants but also as secondary stabilizers to PVC due to thein epoxy content which can remove HCl from the degrading polymer. [Pg.123]

There are signs that the use of environmentally degradable polymers and plastics is expanding. As the market begias to become aware of the availabihty of these new materials, it is expected that they will move iato niche opportunities. When this occurs, production will iacrease, and costs, the biggest barrier to acceptance, should begia to come down. Some of the polymers ia production at some scale larger than laboratory are shown ia Table 5. [Pg.483]

International agreement is close as of 1996 on what an acceptable environmentally degradable polymer should do ia the environment succiacdy put, it must not harm the environment. There has been much progress ia the early 1990s on this issue standard protocols are available to determine degradation ia the environment of disposal, and definitions are understood and accepted ia a broad sense, if not ia detail. Fate and effects issues for these new polymers are being addressed, and these will be resolved and appropriate tests developed. [Pg.483]

The concept of degradable polymers arose largely from concern about the large quantities of plastics materials used for packaging and which, having fulfilled their function, were then discarded and unwanted. Interest has, however, now moved on to include medical and related applications. [Pg.874]

Whereas cellulose films are biodegradable, that is they are readily attacked by bacteria, films and packaging from synthetic polymers are normally attacked at a very low rate. This has led to methods of degrading polymers to a sufficiently low molecular mass (typically about 10000) which are then accessible to biodegradation. [Pg.881]

Several approaches are used, either individually or collectively, to degrade polymers in this way. Of these the most important are ... [Pg.881]

Table 13 Mechanical Properties of Flax Fiber Reinforced Biologically Degradable Polymers (BDG) [72]... Table 13 Mechanical Properties of Flax Fiber Reinforced Biologically Degradable Polymers (BDG) [72]...
M. L. Bernard et al, CRAcadSci, Ser C, 272 (26), 2112-15 (1972) CA.75, 101675 (1971) A generalization of the previously described (Bernard et al, 1971) ablation theory (for AP) combustion to include AP-based solid propints provides satisfactory fits to the exptl data of M. Summerfield et al (1960), with reproduction of the two distinct pressure regimes observed in the combustion of AP-based powders between 0 and 100 bars. The solid binding agent is assumed to be easily pyrolyzable, with each mol producing several combustible gaseous mols, as in the case of pyrolytically degrading polymers... [Pg.938]

Fig. 44a. Theoretical molecular weight distribution of a polymer sample degraded along the central streamline at different strain rates, calculated with a pre-exponential factor A = 1014s-1 (I) strain rate e = 75000s-1 (II) strain rate e = 88000s-1 (III) strain rate e = 190000 s- b Theoretical molecular weight distribution of a polymer sample degraded along the central streamline at different strain rates, calculated with A = 104 s-1 (I) strain rate e = 100000 s -1 (II) strain rate e = 120000 s 1 (III) strain rate e = 300000 s -1 (Solid line polymer before degradation, dotted line, degraded polymer)... Fig. 44a. Theoretical molecular weight distribution of a polymer sample degraded along the central streamline at different strain rates, calculated with a pre-exponential factor A = 1014s-1 (I) strain rate e = 75000s-1 (II) strain rate e = 88000s-1 (III) strain rate e = 190000 s- b Theoretical molecular weight distribution of a polymer sample degraded along the central streamline at different strain rates, calculated with A = 104 s-1 (I) strain rate e = 100000 s -1 (II) strain rate e = 120000 s 1 (III) strain rate e = 300000 s -1 (Solid line polymer before degradation, dotted line, degraded polymer)...
The consequence of this inappropriate materials selection is the squandering of natural resources that characterises the industrialised nations of the world, coupled with a growing problem of waste disposal. Control is certainly necessary to prevent the uncontrolled dumping of these non-degradable polymers in the environment. Arguably control is also needed to prevent these kinds of material being fabricated into barely serviceable items in the first place. [Pg.164]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.456 ]




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Acrylic polymers oxidative degradation

Addition polymers degradation/biodegradation

Addition polymers environmental degradation

Addition polymers, thermal degradation

Additives that Enhance Degradation in Common Polymers

Aging and Degradation of Polymer Blends

Agriculture degradable polymers

Aliphatic polymer degradation media

Aliphatic polymers, degradation

Aliphatic polymers, degradation mechanisms

Amorphous polymers degradation

Artificial polymers degradable

Aspects of Polymer Degradation

Assessment of Biodegradable Polymers Degradability

Bacterial enzymes polymer degradation

Biochemical pathways, polymer degradation

Biodegradable polymer degradation mechanisms

Biodegradable polymer degradation rate

Biodegradable polymers degradation time

Biological Degradation of Polymers

Bioresorbable polymers modeling degradation

Bulk density polymer degradation

Bulk polymer degradation

Carbon chain polymers, abiotic degradation

Carbon-chain polymers microbial degradation

Cellulose as a platform substrate for degradable polymer synthesis

Combining the effects of polymer retention and degradation

Condensation polymers degradation/biodegradation

Condensation polymers environmental degradation

Condensation polymers thermal degradation

Controlled-degradable polymer

Crystal structures, polymers thermal degradation

DEGRADATION AND AGEING OF POLYMERS

Data Analysis of DSC Heat Effects for the Most Representative (Bio)-degradable Polymers

Degradability of Polymers in Soil

Degradable materials natural polymers

Degradable materials polymers from renewable

Degradable plastic Biodegradable polymers

Degradable plastic polymers

Degradable polymers

Degradable polymers

Degradable polymers controlled release agents

Degradable polymers in photonic applications

Degradable polymers in waste and litter control

Degradable polymers membrane-controlled release devices

Degradable polymers, fiber-optic sensors

Degradable polymers, natural

Degradable polymers, natural synthetic

Degradation and Stabilisation of Polymer

Degradation and synthesis of polymer

Degradation behavior of polymer

Degradation biodegradable polymer nanocomposite

Degradation biodegradable polymers

Degradation branched polymer architecture

Degradation controlled release polymers

Degradation green polymer chemistry

Degradation modelling polymer molecular weight

Degradation of Biodegradable Polymers

Degradation of Condensation Polymers

Degradation of Lactic Acid-based Polymers

Degradation of Polymer Nanocomposites

Degradation of Unsaturated Polymers and ADMET Polymerization

Degradation of Vinyl Polymers

Degradation of addition polymers

Degradation of chain-growth polymers

Degradation of polymer chain

Degradation of polymer matrix

Degradation of polymer solutions

Degradation of polymers

Degradation of polymers by solar radiation

Degradation of unsaturated polymers

Degradation polymer classification

Degradation polymers Polyethylene glycol)

Degradation rate of polymers

Degradation type polymer

Degradation, polymer random chain scission

Degraded gelatin polyme

Dextran, polymer degradation

Differential scanning calorimetry polymer degradation

Diffusion controlled reactions in polymer degradation

Disulfide-containing polymers reductive degradation

ESR as a Tool for the Study of Polymer Degradation

Effect of polymer degradation products on plasticizers

Effective diffusion coefficient polymer degradation

Enhanced degradation polymers with

Environmental degradation processes polymers

Environmental degradation, green polymer

Environmentally degradable polymer

Enzymatic Degradation of Polymers

Enzymatic degradation natural polymers

Enzymatic degradation, polymer

Enzymatically degradable polymers

Enzyme responsive polymers enzymatically degradable

Enzyme-degradable polymers

Enzymes polymer degradations

Enzymes, polymer-degrading

Equivalent circuit model degraded polymer coating

Experimental methods in polymer degradation

Experimental principles in the investigation of polymer degradation kinetics

Exploitation of Polymer Degradation

Extremely strong degradable polymers

Factors affecting aliphatic polymer degradation

Fiber-optic sensors based on degradable polymers

Flame retardance polymer degradation processes

Fluoride-vinyl polymers, degradation

Free radicals, oxidation chemistry, polymer degradation

Gene delivery polymers, degradation

General mechanism of patterned resist polymer photo-oxidative degradation

General mechanism of polymer degradation

Halide-vinyl polymers, degradation

Heterogeneous polymer degradation

Heterogeneous polymer degradation examples

Heterogeneous polymer degradation oxygen diffusion limited

High-energy radiation polymer degradation

High-performance polymers from lignin degradation products

Hydrolytic degradation of polymers

Hydrolytic degradation, polymers

Hydrolytically Degradable Polymers as Biomaterials

Hydroxyvalerate polymers bacterial degradation

Kinetics of Polymer Degradation in the Solid State

Kinetics polymer degradation

Lactic Acid-based Degradable Polymers

Light polymers readily degraded

Mechanical degradation of polymers

Mechanism of polymer chemical degradation

Mechanism polymer degradation

Mechanisms of Degradation Step Growth Polymers

Mechanisms of Polymer Degradation

Mechanisms of Thermal Degradation Chain Growth Polymers

Methacrylate polymers degradation

Microorganisms, polymer degradation

Minimizing Polymer Degradation

Models of polymer degradation

Molecular degradation products, polymers

Molecular methods polymer device degradation

Nonbiological Degradation of Polymers

On Toxics from Degradation of Polymers

Other Factors Affecting Photochemical Degradation Rates of Polymers

Oxidative degradation of polymers

Phosphorus-containing polymers thermal degradation

Photo-biodegradable polymers degradation products

Photochemical Degradation of Polymers

Photochemical Degradation of Styrenic Polymers

Photochemical polymer degradation

Photooxidation degradation of polymers

Photooxidative degradation of polymers

Photosensitized degradation of polymers

Physical pathways, polymer degradation

Poly In Degradable Polymers and Materials Khemani

Polyesters polymer degradation modelling

Polyisoprene, natural degradable polymers

Polyme degradation

Polymer Degradation Studies

Polymer Degradation and Stability

Polymer Surfaces oxidative degradation

Polymer Surfaces photochemical degradation

Polymer backbone, degradable

Polymer blends heterogeneous degradation

Polymer blends, environmentally degradable polyolefins

Polymer chain, hydrolytic degradation

Polymer controlled degradation

Polymer degradation

Polymer degradation

Polymer degradation aerobic

Polymer degradation aliphatic polyamides

Polymer degradation anaerobic

Polymer degradation and drug release

Polymer degradation bioresorbable polymers

Polymer degradation by high-energy radiation

Polymer degradation by hydrolysis

Polymer degradation cellulose

Polymer degradation chain length

Polymer degradation chemical aspects

Polymer degradation curves

Polymer degradation empirical expressions

Polymer degradation epoxy resins

Polymer degradation experimental data

Polymer degradation free radicals

Polymer degradation future trends

Polymer degradation in partly cooled reservoirs

Polymer degradation inhibition

Polymer degradation material

Polymer degradation mathematical modelling

Polymer degradation natural

Polymer degradation ozone

Polymer degradation phenolic resins

Polymer degradation photooxidation

Polymer degradation polyacrylonitrile

Polymer degradation polyester resins

Polymer degradation polyesters

Polymer degradation polyolefins

Polymer degradation processes

Polymer degradation product alkyl

Polymer degradation products

Polymer degradation protein

Polymer degradation scissions

Polymer degradation summary

Polymer degradation thermal oxidation

Polymer degradation thermoplastics

Polymer degradation thermosets

Polymer degradation, dealing with

Polymer degradation, photosensitized reactions

Polymer degradation, physical factor

Polymer degradation, rate-determining

Polymer device degradation

Polymer device degradation chain scission

Polymer device degradation functional groups

Polymer device degradation hydrolysis

Polymer device degradation methods

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells degradation

Polymer electrolyte membrane degradation, severity

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell degradation analysis

Polymer nanocomposites thermal degradation pathways

Polymer networks degradation

Polymer photooxidative degradation

Polymer photosensitized degradation

Polymer product analysis/characterization degradation

Polymer radiation degradation, applications

Polymer radiation-induced degradation

Polymer stability biological degradation

Polymer stability chemical degradation

Polymer stabilization degradation chemistry

Polymer stabilization degradation mechanisms

Polymer stabilization thermal degradation

Polymer stabilization thermooxidative degradation

Polymer surface, modification, degradation

Polymer thermal oxidative degradation

Polymer-degrading bacteria

Polymers -insulating coating Degradation

Polymers Degradation in GPCSEC Columns Raniero Mendichi

Polymers Large molecules degradable

Polymers degradable, test methods

Polymers degradation analytical detection

Polymers degradation chain scission

Polymers degradation cross linking

Polymers degradation discoloration

Polymers degradation disproportionation

Polymers degradation factors affecting

Polymers degradation formation

Polymers degradation half-life

Polymers degradation initiation

Polymers degradation mechanism macroscopic properties

Polymers degradation propagation

Polymers degradation termination

Polymers degradation/stability

Polymers degrading

Polymers environmental degradation

Polymers environmentally degraded

Polymers of the degrading type

Polymers oxidative degradation

Polymers radiation degradation

Polymers thermal degradation

Polymers thermal degradation mechanisms

Polymers toxic degradation products

Polymers, burning degradation

Polymers, burning thermal degradation

Polymers, degradable, degradation

Polymers, degradable, degradation products

Polymers, degradation and stabilisation

Polymers, degradation/stabilization

Polymers, soil degradation

Polyphenols, natural degradable polymers

Polysaccharides, natural degradable polymers

Polystyrene polymer degradation

Principles of polymer degradation and stabilization

Processes in polymer degradation

Proteins, natural degradable polymers

Recycling and Degradation of Polymers

Recycling of Polymers by Thermal Degradation

Resorbable polymers degradation

Resorbable polymers polymer degradation

STABILIZATION AND DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS

Semicrystalline polymers oxidative degradation

Shape memory polymer degradable

Shear degradation polymers

Silicone polymers degradation

Siloxane polymers degradation

Solid state polymer degradation

Solvent effect polymer degradation

Step-reaction polymers, thermal degradation

Styrenic polymers photochemical degradation

Synthetic degradable polymers

Synthetic hydrophobic degradable polymers

Synthetic hydrophobic degradable polymers poly

Synthetic polymer microbial degradation

Synthetic polymers degradation

Techniques and mechanisms of polymer degradation

Temperature polymer degradation

The Polymer Degradation Process

The role of degradable polymers in agricultural systems

The science and engineering of polymer composite degradation

Thermal Analysis in the Study of Polymer (Bio) -degradation

Thermal Degradation of Chlorocarbon and Fluorocarbon Polymers

Thermal Degradation of Polymer Blends, Composites and Nanocomposites

Thermal and Thermooxidative Degradation of Reinforced Polymers

Thermal degradation of common chain-growth polymers

Thermal degradation of common step-growth polymers

Thermal degradation of methacrylic and acrylic polymers

Thermal degradation of polymers

Thermal degradation, linear polymer

Thermal degradation, linear polymer compound

Thermal degradation, synthetic polymers

Thermooxidative degradation, polymer

Thermoplastic polymers degradation resistance

To study polymer degradation

Typical Polymer Degradations during Pyrolysis

Vinyl polymer, degradation

Water-soluble, Degradable Polymers

Weathering and Degradation of Polymers

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