Contaminated Oil Waste

Keywords Contaminated oil waste, biological degradation, thermal decomposition and plasma treatment, PCB s... 

Hazardous chemical/oil spill or leak. Contain the flow as quickly as possible and as soon as possible clean up the waste and any soil or other materials that may have become contaminated with waste ... 

PCBs are not manufactured in Malaysia and the import of PCBs has been banned since 1995. However, there are still old transformers and capacitors in use that contain PCB-contaminated oil (Hashim, 2001). Since 1998, PCB stockpiles and PCB-contaminated transformer oils have been properly disposed of at the Kualiti Alam Integrated Waste Management Centre, Bukit Pelanduk. A total of 15.5 tons of PCBs and 22 tons of transformer oils was incinerated at the site from 1998 to 2004 (Idris, 2004). There is no available record on the total import of PCBs and PCB containing products. Under the National Implementation Plan for compliance to the Stockholm Convention, an exercise to produce a PCB inventory for Malaysia has been carried out but the report has not been made public. 

If non-contact, water cooled condensers are used, water pollution problems should be minimal. Except for cooling, the only other source of water contamination is water used in washing the plant floors and equipment. Oil spills may occur, and should be isolated, contained and cleaned up without contaminating the waste water. 

Renal Effects. A child who played in a sand box contaminated with waste oils containing... 

To study the stability of immobilized C. antarctica lipase in methanolysis of waste edible oil, the three-step methanolysis was repeated by transferring the enzyme to a fresh substrate mixture. The conversion was maintained during 50 cycles (100 days) (Watanabe et al., 2001), showing that contaminants in waste oil do not affect the stability of the lipase preparation. In a chemical alcoholysis with an alkaline catalyst, FFAs in a waste edible oil convert to alkaline soap the water present disturbs an efficient reaction. Hence, FFAs and water should be removed before the reaction, and a small amount of alkaline soap generated must be removed by washing with water after the reaction. But the enzymatic process does not need the pretreatment and downstream purification. 

The results presented here show the general trend if chloro-organic compounds are present in the feedstock. The amount of chloro-organics in the feedstock used here were somewhat unrealistic but selected to better understand and measure PCDD/F formation and concentration in the products of fast pyrolysis. In reality, there are no mono-fractions of wood contaminated only with chloro-organic compounds, Generally, pyrolysis of waste wood mixtures results in a much less contaminated oil as presented in this study. However, further investigations are necessary to prove if de novo synthesis takes place during fast pyrolysis of contaminated waste wood. 

Water pollution is subject to federal regulations (Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 1956). This covers the discharge of contaminating industrial waste, sewage, oil, etc., into navigable streams and their tributaries as well as into coastal waters. 

The wide range of problems of groundwater contamination and waste disposal, storage or containment are clearly exemplified by the last two papers, one of which discusses disposing of ash from power-generating plants — a problem that will expand as plants convert from high-priced oil to cheaper coal and the last paper focuses on the increasing difficulty of selection of suitable waste-disposal sites as wastes continue to proliferate and available land continues to diminish. 

Rubber gloves, gaskets, epoxy resin, kerosene, and oil waste have been oxidatively consumed in this simple electrochemical way [32]. There are significant environmental advantages of this electrochemical approach. Were one to bum the wastes, they would contaminate the atmosphere. Low current density chlorine evolution may be used in electrolysis involving oxides, particularly in dealing with sewage (Tennakoon, 1993) [33]. 

The main objective in the mechanical method of water cleaning is to remove insoluble or solid contaminants from waste water by settling and filtration. Mechanical solid contaminants are separated by grids or fine filters depending on the size of the contaminant particles. Liquid contamination from crude oil or its prod-... 

In this study 154 exposed and 155 unexposed persons were examined. The exposed persons had been living in a mobile home park in which 2,3,7,8-TCDD contaminated waste oil was sprayed for dust control. The TCDD contamination dated back to 1971 when TCDD-contaminated sludge wastes were taken from a hexachlorophene production facility (11,52) Levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD up to 2.2 ppm (mg/kg) were still present more than ten years later. No increased clinical illness was noted in the group who had lived in the contaminated mobile... 

As well as direct incineration of plastics waste, imder clean and efficient conditions, there has been some research into conversion into fuel oil, by chemical methods. The Veba Combi-Cracking (VCC) process produces synthetic crude oil under liquid phase hydration. In trials, 100 tonnes of mixed and contaminated plastics waste from normal domestic sources was hydrated to high quality oil, similar to that used as a source for diesel fuel. With metal-free granular material, costs were estimated at about DM 500/tonne. The process has also been used with polyurethane waste, producing oil that can be mixed with new oil (but costing over twice). 

Method 3585 describes a solvent dilution technique using hexadecane followed by direct injection into a GC-MS instrument for the determination of VOCs in waste oils. Direct injection of an oil waste could lead to instrument-contamination problems. However, the method provides for a quick turnaround. 

Maintenance related liquid wastes account for a small volume of wastes. These wastes are limited to contaminated oil from vacuum pump systems and potentially from the elevator in Zone 2A. Draining and replenishment of this oil is infrequent and is expected to produce 57 L (15 gal) per year during the processing of 1,500 targets each year. 

Liquid mixed waste is generated in the HCF mainly during the quality control activities associated with the assessment of isotope product material. The mixed waste consists primarily of contaminated solvents, such as chloroform and ethyl acetate, and acids or bases. In addition, contaminated oils from pumps or cranes are assessed to determine if they must be categorized as mixed waste. The volume of liquid mixed waste generated annually is estimated to be 800 L during the processing of 1,500 targets each year. 

In spite of this capacity, many t)q)es of laboratory mixed waste have no commercial repository. No commercial mixed waste disposal facilities exist for waste contaminated with most toxic metals (such as mercury) or for lead-contaminated oils. Commercial disposal capacity likewise does not exist for high concentrations of halogen-containing organics and other TCLP waste, such as waste that contains chloroform. 

Case study I RM-10 is a proprietary blend of clay minerals, polymers and pH adjusting agents, which allow one-step entrapment of emulsified oils and dissolved metals from various waste streams. CETCO Oilfield Services has been the industiy leader in clay-based flocculants and for over 30 years has provided the trusted line of RM-10 products to remove the following contaminants from waste streams ... 

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