Chipping, wood

In theory, whole-tree-energy plants have the potential to be more efficient than existing wood-fired generators, which are fueled by chipped wood with a relatively high moisture content (45%). The dried whole trees have a moisture content below 25%, and whole-tree plants potentially can be built to have a greater capacity and to employ high pressure, high temperature steam. 

Varnished fabric Wood chips Wood fibreboard... 

Potential resources of xylans are by-products produced in forestry and the pulp and paper industries (forest chips, wood meal and shavings), where GX and AGX comprise 25-35% of the biomass as well as annual crops (straw, stalks, husk, hulls, bran, etc.), which consist of 25-50% AX, AGX, GAX, and CHX [4]. New results were reported for xylans isolated from flax fiber [16,68], abaca fiber [69], wheat straw [70,71], sugar beet pulp [21,72], sugarcane bagasse [73], rice straw [74], wheat bran [35,75], and jute bast fiber [18]. Recently, about 39% hemicelluloses were extracted from vetiver grasses [76]. 

In contrast to the operation of vehicles, electricity and heat for stationary applications can be generated by the combustion of solid biomass without upstream biomass conversion to pure hydrogen (or methanol, BTL or DME). The efficiency of the direct use of solid biomass is generally higher. The overall efficiency of a solid-biomass-fuelled heat and power (CHP) plant is typically about 70% to 80% direct combustion of solid biomass (e.g., wood chips, wood pellets) in suitable boilers for heat generation only can reach an efficiency of more than 90%. 

Brazil.—The chipped wood of the different species of the cmsalpinia growing in Brazil and the West Indies. That from Pernambuco is the hardest and beet.- When freshly cut it is light reddish-brown, but on exposure becomes of a brighter tint. It is used as a cheap tinctorial matter, and forms the material whence the lakes are made. Its color may be.extracted in soluble -form, by boiling four ounces of the wood in a quart of water containing one drachm of chloride of tin, and filtering. 

The oleoresinous exudate or "pitch of many conifers, but mainly pines, is the raw material for the major products of the naval stores industry. The oleoresin is produced in the epithelial cells which surround the resin canals. When the tree is wounded the resin canals are cut. The pressure of the epithelial cells forces die oleoresin to the surface of die wound where it is collected. The oleoresin is separated into two fractions by steam distillation. The volatile fraction is called gum turpentine and contains chiefly a mixture of monoterpenes but a smaller amount of sesquiterpenes is present also. The nonvolatile gum rosin 5 consists mainly of llie dilerpenuid resin acids and smaller amounts of esters, alcohols and steroids. Wood turpentine, wood rosin and a fraction of intermediate volatility, pine oil are obtained together by gasoline extrachon of the chipped wood of old pine stumps. Pine oil is largely a mixture of the monoterpenoids terpineol. borneol and fenchyl alcohol. Sulfate turpentine and its nonvolatile counterpart, tall oil, 5 are isolated as by-products of the kraft pulping process. Tall oil consists of nearly equal amounts of saponified fatty acid esters and resin acids. 

Burning tires in existing pulp and paper mills and certain types of cement kilns requires much less capital investment than the dedicated power plants mentioned above. Pulp and paper mills often bum hog-fuel (chipped wood), thus requiring very little modification for tire chips. The main economic variable is the price of the competing fuel. Tire-derived fuel must often compete with low cost coal or petroleum coke, a waste product from the petroleum refining process. If tdf is only slightly cheaper than the alternate fuel, then plant modification cannot be justified. 

The recovery of wood resin by naphtha extraction of the resinous portions of dead trees of the resin-bearing varieties or stumps, for example, is also used in the wood industry. The chipped wood is steamed to distill out the resinous products recoverable in this way and then extracted with a naphtha solvent, usually a well-refined, low-sulfur, paraffinic product boiling from, say, 95 to 150°C (200 to 300°F). 

Bois de Rose Oil occurs as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a slightly camphoraceous, pleasant, floral odor. It is the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the chipped wood of Aniba rosaeodora var. amazonica Ducke (Fam. Lau-raceae). The oils from the coastal region of Brazil and the Amazon valley tend to differ in odor and in linalool content from that produced in the Loreto province of Peru. It is soluble in most fixed oils and in propylene glycol. It is soluble in... 

The volume of each digester is 4150 ft3 with the chipped wood being added to fill the digester to the full 4150 ft3. 

PROP From steam distillation of chipped wood of yiniba rosaeodora var. ama nica Ducke, (Fam. Lauraceae). Colorless to pale yellow liquid sit pleasant floral odor. Sol in fixed oils, propylene glycol, mineral oil sltly sol in glycerin. 

The pneumatic conveyors are suitable for refuse-derived fuel, dense and light plastics, granulated paper, milled glass, and chip wood/timber. They are not suitable for mixed municipal solid waste due to the variable characteristics of the components, organics/putrescibles due to odors, and material deposition in the rotary valves, and metal objects, except shredded aluminum. 

Cinnamomum camphora L. F. Nees Eberm, Lauraceae Pak, Chi, Tai, Jap, Ind, Chi, Kor, Ind, Sri, Bra, Jam, Tai, Mau, Med regions stearoptene from trunk root and branch camphor obtained by sublimation of chipped wood. anticonvulsant epilepsy hysteria camphor with olive oil 35 64... 

Method of Preparation Branches and other small diameter wood are chipped into 1-3 inch pieces, preferably in the spring when the sap content is highest. This material is spawned with sawdust/bran (4 1) and made into prepared beds outdoors amongst ornamental shade plants (especially rhododendrons) or tall grass. Another method is to use sawdust/bran or rye grain spawn to inoculate soaked corrugated cardboard. When fully colonized, sheets of cardboard are laid at the bottom of trays which are Then covered with a 2-4 inch layer of freshly cut alder chips. (Wood chips are far superior to sawdust as a fruiting substrate). 

Various processes have been envisaged for giving a wine the required oak character without using barrels in order to avoid the technical and financial constraints involved. Oak has been macerated in wine in the form of staves, splints (2 cm x 2 cm), shavings or chips. Wood extract has even been used, in powder form and in solution. The wine... 

Under feed system 20 kW-2 MW Wood chips, wood shavings and tilings... 

Wood chips, wood fibers, wood flakes, and similar wood-based starting materials, in combination with snitable inor nic binders, are widely used in the produetion of reinforced eementitious eomposites, sueh as wood ehip cement boards (also ealled cement-bound wood ehip boards). 

Biomass Wood chips Wood chips, mixed, from... 

Medium-size evergreen tree, growing wild in the Amazon region, notably Brazil, French Guiana, Peru, and East Surinam. The essential oil is obtained from chipped wood by steam distillation and occasionally water distillation. Brazil and Peru are the major producers of the oil French Guiana is also a producer, producing cayenne bois de rose oil that is considered the best quality among the bois de rose oils (arctander masada). 

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