Overall efficiency

Efficiency, overall The average efficiency of a filter or other item of equipment under set operating conditions. 

This arrangement ensures more efficient overall catalyst utilization and a significant increase in the yield of octenes. As an example, dimer selectivity in the 90-92 % range with butene conversion in the 80-85 % range can be obtained with a C4 feed containing 60 % butenes. Thanks to the biphasic technique, the dimerization... 

Volumetric efficiency, ratio of actual pump capacity to volume displaced per unit of time Pump efficiency with water, percent Pump efficiency with viscous fluid, percent Pump efficiency, fraction Pump efficiency with water, fraction Pump efficiency with viscous fluid, fraction Volumetric efficiency, fraction Maximum safe flowng efficiency, overall pump, fraction... 

Mols of distillate or overhead product, lb mols/hr or batch distillation, mols Mols component, i, in distillate Vaporization efficiency of steam distillation Overall column efficiency Overall tray efficiency Eqg = Murphree point efficiency, fraction Murphree plate/tray efficiency, = E ... 

Type of drive Power range (kW) Speeds Drive efficiency (%) Overall efficiency (%) including motor Power factor Main characteristics related to pump drives... 

The development of a robust analytical method is a complex issue. The residue analyst has available a vast array of techniques to assist in this task, but there are a number of basic rules that should be followed to produce a reliable method. The intention of this article is to provide the analyst with ideas from which a method can be constructed by considering each major component of the analytical method (sample preparation, extraction, sample cleanup, and the determinative step), and to suggest modern techniques that can be used to develop an effective and efficient overall approach. The latter portion emphasizes mass spectrometry (MS) since the current trend for pesticide residue methods is leading to MS becoming the method of choice for simultaneous quantitation and confirmation. This article also serves to update previous publications on similar topics by the authors. ... 

Maeda K, Teramura K, Masuda H, Takata T, Saito N, Inuoe Y, Domen K (2006) Efficient overall water splitting under visible-light irradiation on (Gai xZnx)(Ni xOx) dispersed with Rh-Cr mixed-oxide nanoparticles Effect of reaction condition on photocatalytic activity. J Phys Chem B 110, 13107-13112... 

Paskall (25) has recently reviewed the various modifications to the Claus process that result in optimum sulfur recovery efficiency. Overall plant conversion efficiencies in the range of 97% were considered to be the upper limit at the beginning of the 1970 s (26). While this is a very respectable conversion efficiency for an industrial process the unrecovered 3% in a 2,000 tonne/d sulfur plant represents 60 tonnes/d of sulfur lost, mainly to atmosphere as 120 tonnes/d of SO2. Modifications to the four stage Claus converter train however, can raise overall conversions to over 98.5% thus halving the sulfur loss to the plant tail gas. This either reduces environmental impact or the load on tail gas desulfurization units that will be discussed later. 

Efficiency (overall column efficiency) Ratio of the number of theoretical stages required to effect a distillation separation to the number of actual trays. 

The unpreconditioned LM-BFGS runs are not very efficient overall, although their cost per iteration is far better than that of BFGS however, precon-... 

The actual number of stages is equal to the number of equihbrimn stages divided by the fractionator efficiency(overall column efficiency). Although the tray efficiency will vary, we will use the fractionator efficiency. The fiactionator efficiency is obtained from the O Coimel correlation given in Figure 6.17. Vital et al. [46] have reviewed and tabulated fractionator and absorber efficiencies for many systems. These data may help to arrive at a reasonable fractionator efficiency. 

Hooper and Jacobs (in Schweitzer, 1979, 1.343-1.358). Numerical examples of settler design also are given in that work. For especially difficult separations or for space saving, centrifuges are applied. Liquid hydrocyclones individually have low efficiencies, but a number in series can attain 80-85% efficiency overall. Electrical coalescence is used commonly for separation of brine from crude oil the subject is treated by Waterman (Chem. Ens . Pros . 61(10), 51 1965). 

The levels of circulating drug that are achieved are a function of dose, absorption efficiency, overall bioavailability, distribution, and also clearance. The major determinant of drug distribution volume is its lipo-philicity. As lipophilicity increases, so does the ability of the drug to cross biological membranes and move into extravascular environments, particularly into fatty tissue and the central nervous system (CNS). 

The use of multiple tube banks as a droplet collector has also been studied by Calvert (R-12). He reports that collection efficiency for closely packed tubes follows equations for rectangular jet impaction which can be obtained graphically from Fig. 14-115 by using a dimensional parameter p which is based on the tube geometry p = 2li/b, where b is the open distance between adjacent tubes in the row (orifice width) and It is the impaction length (distance between orifice and impingement plane), or approximately the distance between center-lines of successive tube rows. Note that the impaction parameter is plotted to the one-half power in Fig. 14-115 and that the radius of the droplet is used rather than the diameter. Collection efficiency overall for a given size of particle is predicted for the entire tube bank by... 

If the overall fan is 55% efficient (overall) and electric power costs 0.18/kWh, at what collection efficiency is the cost of power equal to the value of the recovered material What is the pressure drop in inches of water at this condition ... 

Performance of Drying-Pyrolysis Process Indirect steam drying operation was available to all kinds of dewatered cakes tested and its efficiency (overall heat transfer coefficient U) varied with the kinds of cakes. 

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