Cellulose-acetate-butyrate polymer

Chang, R. K., Price, J., and Whitworth, C. W., Control of drug release rate by use of mixtures of polycaprolactone and cellulose acetate butyrate polymers. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm.,... 

Obeidat WM, Price JC. Preparation and in vitro evaluation of propylthiouracil microspheres made of Eudragit RL 100 and cellulose acetate butyrate polymers using the emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Journal of Microencapsulation. May 2005 22(3) 281-289. PubMed PMID 16019914. Epub 2005/07/16. eng. 

Polymers and Rubbers Cellulose acetate butyrate polymer N/A — — 161... 

Polycarbonate acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene alloy Allyl-diglycol- carbonate polymer Diallyl phthalate molding Cellulose acetate Cellulose-acetate-butyrate resin... 

Cellulose acetate butyrate, f Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer. 

Whilst it is inevitable that polypropylene will be compared more frequently with polyethylene than with any other polymer its use as an injection moulding material also necessitates comparison with polystyrene and related products, cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate-butyrate, each of which has a similar rigidity. When comparisons are made it is also necessary to distinguish between conventional homopolymers and the block copolymers. A somewhat crude comparison between these different polymers is attempted in Table 11.7 but further details should be sought out from the appropriate chapters dealing with the other materials. 

The most important of the esters is cellulose acetate. This material has been extensively used in the manufacture of films, moulding and extrusion compounds, fibres and lacquers. As with all the other cellulose polymers it has, however, become of small importance to the plastics industry compared with the polyolefins, PVC and polystyrene. In spite of their higher cost cellulose acetate-butyrate and cellulose propionate appear to have retained their smaller market because of their excellent appearance and toughness. 

Cellulosic They are tough, transparent, hard or flexible natural polymers made from plant cellulose feedstock. With exposure to light, heat, weather and aging, they tend to dry out, deform, embrittle and lose gloss. Molding applications include tool handles, control knobs, eyeglass frames. Extrusion uses include blister packaging, toys, holiday decorations, etc. Cellulosic types, each with their specialty properties, include cellulose acetates (CAs), cellulose acetate butyrates (CABs), cellulose nitrates (CNs), cellulose propionate (CAPs), and ethyl celluloses (EC). 

Polymer blends have been categorized as (1) compatible, exhibiting only a single Tg, (2) mechanically compatible, exhibiting the Tg values of each component but with superior mechanical properties, and (3) incompatible, exhibiting the unenhanced properties of phase-separated materials (8). Based on the mechanical properties, it has been suggested that PCL-cellulose acetate butyrate blends are compatible (8). Dynamic mechanical measurements of the Tg of PCL-polylactic acid blends indicate that the compatability may depend on the ratios employed (65). Both of these blends have been used to control the permeability of delivery systems (vide infra). 

Polyamide, collodion (cellulose nitrate), ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate or silicone polymers have been used for preparation of permanent microcapsules. This method offers a double specificity due to the presence of both the enzyme and a semipermeable membrane. Moreover, it allows simultaneous immobilization of many enzymes in a single step and the surface area for contacting the substrate and the catalyst is large. The need of high protein concentration and the restriction to low molecular weight substrates are the main limitations of enzyme microencapsulation. 

Uses. Solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, butyrate, acrylics, and vinyl polymers... 

Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Polyfluorochloroethylene Polyvinyl Alcohol Polymer Epon 815 Carum 200 Carum 325 75 75 75 75 140 75... 

Several different film-forming polymeric binders were used, including polar, water-soluble materials (PVA, poly(vinyl alcohol)) and organic materials of lower polarity (CAB, cellulose acetate/butyrate, and Elvamide , a polyamide polymer). Figure 6 illustrates the optical spectra obtained for films in CAB binder in the visible region. Note that substantial differences are obtained depending on the nature of the activator. 

Carboxylated polyesters were prepared by extending hydroxyl-terminated polyester segments with dianhydrides. Carboxylated polyesters which were soluble in common lacquer solvents were effective in improving the adhesion of coatings on a variety of substrates when 1-10% was blended with cellulose acetate butyrate, poly(vinyl chloride), poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, bisphenol polycarbonates, and other soluble polymers. 

Adhesion of Coatings. Except for K-l polycarbonate [4,4 -(2-nor-bornylidene)diphenol polycarbonate] (4), an experimental polymer (inherent viscosity 0.85), all the coatings were prepared with commercial products EAB-381-0.5 and EAB-381-20 cellulose acetate butyrates from Eastman Chemical Products, Inc. VYHH vinyl chloride (87%)/vinyl acetate (13%) copolymer from Union Carbide Corp. Butvar B76 poly-(vinyl butyral) from Shawinigan Resins Corp. Plexiglas V poly (methyl methacrylate) from Rohm and Haas Co. Dylene P3I polystyrene from... 

Table II shows the effect of the carboxyl content on the adhesive characteristics of PMDA-extended polyesters in blends with K-l polycarbonate [4,4 - (2-norbomylidene) diphenol polycarbonate] (VIII), cellulose acetate butyrate, and poly (vinyl chloride). K-l polycarbonate is an experimental polymer which, like cellulose acetate butyrate and poly (vinyl chloride), is very sensitive to adhesive changes because only 1-2% of a carboxylated...

The presence of a plasticizer in addition to the carboxylated polyester adversely affected the adhesion of some of the polymers—e.g., cellulose acetate butyrate and poly (vinyl chloride) plastisols. 

Allyl-diglycol-carbonate polymer Diallyl phthalate (DAP) polymer Cellulosics Cellulose acetate resin Cellulose-acetate-propionate resin Cellulose-acetate-butyrate resin Cellulose nitrate resin Ethyl cellulose resin Rayon... 

Cellulose acetate (CA) and Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) are, contrary to the polymers mentioned so far, not fully synthetic, but derivates of vegetable cellulose. They are strong, tough and well processable materials, used in many household- and technical applications, such as hammer heads, magnetic tape, toys etc. CAB has a higher form stability than CA, and is used in automotive accessories and in pipes. 

FichetO et al. (2005) Polydimethylsiloxane-cellulose acetate butyrate IPN synthesis and kinetic study, Part I. Polymer 46 37-47... 

Abstract This article summarizes a large amount of work carried out in our laboratory on polysiloxane based Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs). First, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) network has been combined with a cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) network in order to improve its mechanical properties. Second, a PDMS network was combined with a fluorinated polymer network. Thanks to a perfect control of the respective rates of formation of each network it has been possible to avoid polymer phase separation during the IPN synthesis. Physicochemical analyses of these materials led to classify them as true IPNs according to Sperling s definition. In addition, synergy of the mechanical properties, on the one hand, and of the surface properties, on the other hand, was displayed. 

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