Fillers barium sulfate

Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Zinc stearate filler, phenolic Aluminum calcium silicate filler, photographic paper Barium carbonate filler, plastic foams Barium sulfate filler, plastic prods. 

Another mineral that can be used for soimd deadening is barium sulfate. The mining company Dynatec has recently marketed a new range of barium sulfate fillers. 

Schaefer et al. (19) studied the interphase microstructure of ternary polymer composites consisting of polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer (EPDM), and different types of inorganic fillers (e.g., kaolin clay and barium sulfate). They used extraction and dynamic mechanical methods to relate the thickness of absorbed polymer coatings on filler particles to mechanical properties. The extraction of composite samples with xylene solvent for prolonged periods of time indicated that the bound polymer around filler particles increased from 3 to 12 nm thick between kaolin to barium sulfate filler types. Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses of the bound polymer layers indicated that EPDM was the main constituent adsorbed to the filler particles. Without doubt, the existence of an interphase microstructure was shown to exist and have a rather sizable thickness. They proceeded to use this interphase model to fit a modified van der Poel equation to compute the storage modulus G (T) and loss modulus G"(T) properties. 

Fillers (qv) are occasionally used in flexible slab foams the two most commonly used are calcium carbonate (whiting) and barium sulfate (barytes). Their use level may range up to 150 parts per 100 parts of polyol. Various other ingredients may also be used to modify a flexible foam formulation. Cross-linkers, chain extenders, ignition modifiers, auxiHary blowing agents, etc, are all used to some extent depending on the final product characteristics desired. 

Because of its extreme insolubiUty, barium sulfate is not toxic the usual antidote for poisonous barium compounds is to convert them to barium sulfate by administering sodium or magnesium sulfate. In medicine, barium sulfate is widely used as an x-ray contrast medium (see Imaging TECHNOLOGY X-RAY technology). It is also used in photographic papers, filler for plastics, and in concrete as a radiation shield. Commercially, barium sulfate is sold both as natural barite ore and as a precipitated product. Blanc fixe is also used in making white sidewall mbber tires or in other mbber appHcations. 

The formulation of calcium chelate materials is based upon the formation of a low-solubiUty chelate between calcium hydroxide and a sahcylate. Dycal utilizes the reaction product of a polyhydric compound and sahcyhc acid. Other sahcyhc acid esters can be similarly used. Vehicles used to carry the calcium hydroxide, extenders, and fillers may include mineral oil, A/-ethyl- -toluenesulfonamide [80-39-7] and polymeric fluids. The filler additions may include titanium dioxide [13463-67-7] zinc oxide, sihca [7631-86-9], calcium sulfate, and barium sulfate [7727-43-7]. Zinc oxide and barium sulfate are useflil as x-ray opacifying agents to ensure a density greater than that of normal tooth stmcture. Resins, rosin, limed rosins, and modified rosins may serve as modifiers of the physical characteristics in both the unset and set states. 

Both samples were also analyzed using TGA to verify that the filler levels were the same. It was reported that each part contained 20% barium sulfate and... 

Several studies have considered the influence of filler type, size, concentration and geometry on shear yielding in highly loaded polymer melts. For example, the dynamic viscosity of polyethylene containing glass spheres, barium sulfate and calcium carbonate of various particle sizes was reported by Kambe and Takano [46]. Viscosity at very low frequencies was found to be sensitive to the network structure formed by the particles, and increased with filler concentration and decreasing particle size. However, the effects observed were dependent on the nature of the filler and its interaction with the polymer melt. 

Barium sulfate is a useful white pigment, particularly in the precipitated form, blancfixe. It is used as a filler for paper, rubber, linoleum, and oilcloth. Because of its opacity to x-rays, barium sulfate, in a purified form, is important in contour photographs of the digestive tract. 

X-ray Diffraction Analysis. The inorganic components of paper are the most suitable ones for quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis. Most of these compounds are minerals and are present as fillers, coatings and pigments (often whiteners) which are added to improve the properties of the paper. Examples of compounds commonly added to paper are alumina, aluminum silicate, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium sul-foaluminate, iron oxide, magnesium silicate, silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide (28). Some of these, e.g., calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide, may be present in any of... 

A large number of inorganic and organic substances are used as fillers in polymer composites. Calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, clays, silica, and talc are common examples. Glass beads are often used in traffic paints to increase reflectivity. Metal fibers are sometimes added to impart conductivity or to improve metal plating. A number of organic materials are also used, including wood flout cellulose, and even corncobs. We will encounter starch/ ... 

Only a small part of the heavy spar extracted, less than 5%, is processed to barium chemicals (barium carbonate, barium sulfide, synthetic barium sulfate, barium chloride, barium hydroxide etc.). Over 90% is utilized in the extraction of crude oil and natural gas as suspensions in the drilling mud. Ca. 5% is used as a filler in the dye, paint, plastics and rubber industries and in the manufacture of glass. 

Synthetic (precipitated) barium sulfate is manufactured by reaction of a barium sulfide solution with sodium sulfate. Synthetic barium carbonate is utilized as a filler and white pigment in the manufacture of paper (blanc fixe) and in the paint, rubber and plastics industries. In medicine it is used as a contrast agent. 

Only synthetic snlfate filler barium sulfate (Wane fixe)... 

The only synthetic sulfate manufactured as a filler is barium sulfate and it is known as blanc fixe . As with calcium carbonate it is produced by precipitation reactions ... 

Inexpensive, finely ground minerals like barium sulfate (barytes), dolomite, limestone (whiting), clays, and silica are widely used to provide bulk and reduce the cost of friction material formulations. These materials also act as friction modifiers and alter the performance of the end product. Other less commonly used fillers are hollow and solid organic and inorganic microspheres and fly ash. 

Figure 5.7 shows particle size distribution of synthetic barium sulfate. The characteristic feature of these curves is their steepness which denotes a very narrow particle size distribution which was obtained by controlling the conditions of precipitation. The development of this kind of particle size distribution in a small particle sized filler allows for substantial improvement in the gloss of coatings. 

Surface grafting of barium sulfate is interesting Ifom the point of view of the kinetics of such reactions. Barium sulfate like calcium carbonate, is an inert filler. So it is necessary to modify its surface. First, barium chloride is reacted with sodium sulfate in the presence of a small amount of sodium 12-hydroxystearate. This introduces a controlled number of hydroxyl stearate sites onto the barium sulfate surface. The reaction is followed by a redox graft polymerization of acrylamide initiated by the hydroxyl stearate groups and ceric ion as a catalyst. Figures 6.9 to 6.11 show the effect of reaction substrates concentrations on polymerization rate. 

Typical fillers calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talc, kaohn, mica, quartz, sand, glass spheres, silica, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, aluminum, copper, silver, iron, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, zirconium silicate, hthium aluminum silicate, vermiculite, slate powder, titanium boride, ground rubber, iron oxide, microvoids... 

Typical fillers barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, carbon black, calcium sulfate whiskers, diatomaceous earth, glass fiber, glass spheres, hollow silicates, kaolin, mica, talc, wollastonite, silica, magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, red mud, ground tire rubber, ferromagnetic powder, nickel fibers, wood flour, zirconium silicate, starch, soot, marble, aluminum, lignin, sand... 

Typical fillers aluminum hydroxide, silica, titanium dioxide, glass fiber, mica, barium sulfate, titanium fiber, nickel, aluminum... 

Typical fillers calcium carbonate, glass beads, barium sulfate, mica, kaolin, talc, glass fibers, silica, montmorillonite, zeolites PTFE, zinc borate, titanium dioxide, red phosphorus, copper... 

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