Barium sulfide

Barium sulfide is the most important intermediate in the manufacture of barium compounds (see Section 3.1.2.6.2). It is also used in the manufacture of lithopone (joint precipitation of ZnS + BaS04). The importance of Lithopone has declined with the expansion in the use of Ti02 pigments. USA production of barium sulfide, 112 10 t/a in 1965, had declined to 44 10 t/a by 1979, since when no further figures have been published. 

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Production. Zinc sulfide production started in the United States and in Europe in the 1920s. Starting in the early 1950s, 2inc sulfide, like most white pigments, was slowly replaced by the more superior titanium white. Zinc sulfide can be prepared by a process similar to the one used to manufacture Hthopone. In the first step, barium sulfide reacts with sodium sulfate to produce sodium sulfide solution ... 

Zinc sulfide can also be prepared by the direct reaction of barium sulfide and 2inc chloride solution ... 

Production. Commercial production of Hthopone started in the first half of the nineteenth century, and continued to grow until the middle of the twentieth century when titanium dioxide started to dominate the white, inorganic pigment market. Lithopone is prepared by combining barium sulfide and 2inc sulfate solutions at 50—60°C ... 

The barium sulfide needed for the reaction is prepared by the reduction of barite [13462-86-7] BaSO, with petroleum coke in a rotary furnace ... 

The fused product contains about 60—85% barium sulfide, unreacted barium sulfate, and impurities present in barite and ash. The soluble barium sulfide is extracted from the mixture with water and separated from the insoluble impurities by filtration. 

One commercial process for producing sodium sulfide is as a by-product of barium carbonate production (see Barium compounds). Barite ore, BaSO, is reduced with carbon at 800°C to produce cmde barium sulfide (black ash), which is then leached to dissolve the barium sulfide in solution. The solution is then reduced using sodium carbonate to produce barium carbonate, leaving a weak sodium sulfide solution as the by-product. The sodium sulfide solution may then be concentrated and flaked or crystallized. 

Barium hydro sulfide [25417-81-6], Ba(HS)2, is formed by absorption of hydrogen sulfide into barium sulfide solution. On addition of alcohol, barium hydrosulfide tetrahydrate [12230-74-9], Ba(HS)2 4H2O, crystallizes as yellow rhombic crystals that decompose at 50 °C. Sohd barium hydro sulfide is very unstable. Its solubility in water is... 

Barium sulfate [7727-43-7] BaSO, occurs as colorless rhombic crystals, mp 1580 °C (dec) sp gr 4.50 solubihty 0.000285 g/100 g H2O at 30°C and 0.00118 at 100°C. It is soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid, forming an acid sulfate dilution with water reprecipitates barium sulfate. Precipitated BaSO is known as blanc fixe, prepared from the reaction of aqueous solutions of barium sulfide and sodium sulfate. 

Impute barium sulfide witb 20—35% contaminants is produced in large volume by tbe black asb kibi. Pure barium sulfide [21109-95-5] BaS, occurs as colodess cubic crystals, sp gr 4.25 and as hexagonal plates of barium sulfide hexabydrate [66104-39-0] BaS BaS melts at 2227°C. Solubibty in water... 

Barium sulfide solutions undergo slow oxidation in air, forming elemental sulfur and a family of oxidized sulfur species including the sulfite, thiosulfate, polythionates, and sulfate. The elemental sulfur is retained in the dissolved bquor in the form of polysulfide ions, which are responsible for the yellow color of most BaS solutions. Some of the mote highly oxidized sulfur species also enter the solution. Sulfur compound formation should be minimized to prevent the compounds made from BaS, such as barium carbonate, from becoming contaminated with sulfur. 

Black a.sh. Barium sulfide (BaS) is produced by calcining a mixture of barite (BaSOj and carbon at a temperature of 1350 K in continuous rotary kilns. 

World production of Na2S exceeds 150 000 tonnes pa and that of NaHS approaches lOOOOOtpa. Barium sulfide (from BaSOa -1- C) is the largest volume Ba compound manufactured but little of it is sold almost all commercial Ba compounds are made by first making BaS and then converting it to the required compound. 

Beryllium sulfide, BeS beryllium selenide, BeSe beryllium telluride, BeTe beryllium polonide, BePo magnesium sulfide, MgS magnesium selenide, MgSe magnesium telluride, MgTe calcium sulfide, CaS (oldhamite) calcium selenide, CaSe calcium telluride, CaTe strontium sulfide, SrS strontium selenide, SrSe barium sulfide, BaS barium selenide, BaSe barium hydrosulfide, Ba(HS)2 barium hydrosulfide tetrahydrate, Ba(HS)2 H20. 

Using the periodic table if necessary, write formulas for the following compounds (a) hydrogen bromide, (b) magnesium chloride, (c) barium sulfide, (d) aluminum fluoride, (e) beryllium bromide, (/) barium selenide, and (g) sodium iodide. 

What are the differences among the following questions ( ) What is the formula of the compound of sulfur and barium (h) What is the formula of the compound of Ba and S (c) What is the formula for barium sulfide ... 

Barium sulfide explodes weakly on heating with lead dioxide or potassium chlorate, and strongly with potassium nitrate. Calcium and strontium sulfides are similar. 

Antimony trisulfide, carbon disulfide vapour, chromium(II) sulfide and hydrogen sulfide all ignite in contact with fluorine at ambient temperature, the solids becoming incandescent [1]. Iron(II) sulfide reacts violently on mild warming, and barium sulfide, potassium sulfide or zinc sulfide all incandesce in the gas, as does molybdenum(III) sulfide at 200°C [2],... 

Mixtures of potassium nitrate with antimony trisulfide [1], barium sulfide, calcium sulfide, germanium monosulfide or titanium disulfide all explode on heating [2]. The mixture with arsenic disulfide is detonable, and addition of sulfur gives a pyrotechnic composition [2], Mixtures with molybdenum disulfide are also detonable [3], Interaction with sulfides in molten mixtures is violent [4],... 

Calcium sulfide, strontium sulfide or barium sulfide react vigorously with lead dioxide on heating. 

The barium peroxide was made using the Brin process. The barium was recovered by reducing the sulfate with caibon, and then converting this barium sulfide to the oxide via the carbonate ... 

Ammonium sulfide, 4577 Antimony trisulfide, 4906 Barium sulfide, 0218 Bismuth trisulfide, 0234... 

Alchemists in the early Middle Ages knew about some barium minerals. Smooth round pebble-like stones found in Bologna, Italy, were known as Bologna stones. When these odd stones were exposed to sunlight, or even a primitive reading lamp, they would continue to glow for several years. This characteristic made them attractive to witches as well as the alchemists. These stones are actually the mineral barite, barium sulfide (BaSO ), which today is a major source of barium metal. 

Compounds Soluble—barium nitrate, barium sulfide, barium chloride, barium hydroxide, barium acetate insoluble—barium sulfate... 

Barium acetate also may be prepared by treating barium sulfide with acetic acid, followed by slow evaporation and subsequent crystallization of the salt from the solution ... 

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