B cell stimulating factor

The presence of heat-killed mycobacteria in Freund s complete adjuvant serves to generally stimulate the entire reticuloendothelial system of the test animal. In addition, there is some evidence these dead celts also stimulate T lymphocyte proliferation and their production of B cell-stimulating factors. Use of the complete adjuvant is recommended for the first dose of immunogen but incomplete adjuvant is adequate for subsequent injections. 

IL-4 BCGF B-cell-stimulating factor (BSF) Th cells (B cells) B cells stimulates IgE and IgGI production and increases MHC II expression Th cells promotes generation synergizes with IL-2... 

IL-4 has been formerly known as B-ceU difterentiating factor (BCDF), B-cell growth factor I (BCGF-I), B-cell stimulating factor I (BSF-I), MCGF-II, and T-cell growth factor II (TCGF-II). 

IL-6 was formerly loiown as 26-kDa protein, BCDF, B-cell stimulating factor 2 (BSF-2), cytotoxic T-ceH differentiation factor, hepatocyte differentiation factor (HSF), hybridoma/ plasmacytoma growth factor, interferon-p2 (IFNp2), monocyte granulocyte inducer type 2 (MGI-2), and thrombo-poietin. The designation of IFNp-2 is now considered inappropriate, and its use has been discontinued. 

Kishimoto and his colleagues have identified a soluble factor, i.e. the B cell-stimulating factor, which stimulates proliferation of B cells. Later, this factor was designated IL-6 (Kishimoto, 1989). Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of IL-6 were completed and recombinant IL-6 became available. This enabled cloning of the receptors for IL-6 (see reviews by Kishimoto, 1989 Taga and Kishimoto, 1992), and identified two... 

Kroegel C, Julius P, Matthys H, Virchow JC, Jr., Luttmann W. Endobronchial secretion of interleukin-13 following local allergen challenge in atopic asthma relationship to interleukin and eosinophil counts. Eur Respir J 1996 9 899-904. Defrance T, Carayon P, BiUian G, et al. Interleukin-13 is a B cell stimulating factor. J Exp Med 1994 179 135-143. 

Interleukin-2 (T-cell growth factor Fig. 30-6A) is secreted by some activated T-lymphocytes. This 133-residue largely helical protein is involved in generation of cytotoxic T-cells, stimulation of interferon release, and of release of a B-cell growth factor.269 Considerable excitement has accompanied the possibility of activating lymphocytes with IL-2 produced from cloned genes in bacteria to increase their ability to kill cancer cells. However, IL-2 is toxic, and this is limiting its use. See also Chapter 31, Section C. 

Yokota T, Otsuka K, Mosmann T, Banchereau J, et al. 1986. Isolation and characterization of a human interleukin cDNA clone, homologous to mouse B-cell stimulatory factor 1, that expresses B-cell and T-cell stimulating activities. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 83 5894-5898. 

IL-5 was formerly known as BCDF B-cell differentiation factor for IgM (BCDF Ll), B-cell growth factor II (BCGF-II), eosinophil colony stimulating factor, eosinophil differentiation factor, IgA-enhancing factor, and T-cell replacing factor (TRF). ... 

Purification and Biochemical Properties of IL-2. Early approaches to the purification of IL-2 involved classical preparative and chromatographic methods coupled with a search for T cell lines which did not produce other factors (such as colony stimulating factor, B cell growth factors, lymphocyte activating factor). IL-2 from the cloned human leukemia T-cell line JURKAT has been used for purification and... 

Interleukin 2 is a protein of Af, 15,500 produced by T-cells, which induces the proliferation of T-cells, but only those which have been antigenically stimulated. B-cell growth factor (BCGF) is product by activated T-cells. It stimulates proliferation of B-cells, but not their differentiation to the antibody-producing state. For this, additional L. are required. [XL.Marx Science 221(1983) 1362-1364.]... 

BLys B lymphocyte stimulator B-cell activating factor, BAFF... 

By 1987 we had substantial evidence that bryostatins 1 and 2 reacted in a synergistic fashion with recombinant B-cell stimulatory factor/inter-leukin 4 to stimulate resting T-cells to proliferate and differentiate into cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (62). At the same time interleukin-2 (IL-2) development of cytotoxicity was greatly enhanced (62, 63) suggesting that the bryostatins may allow the clinical dose of the hazardous recombinant IL-2 to be considerably reduced. In a related study concerned with the effects of bryostatin 1 on IL-2 and y-interferon synthesis by ionophore A23187 or mitogen-induced human blood lymphocytes we found the production of these two lymphokines to be increased 10-100 fold (63). Interestingly, bryostatin 1 was also found (64) to effectively block T-cell proliferation induced by a phorbol (PMA). 

A cytokine, secreted by TH2-cells, stimulates B-cells in different stages of their development. It may act as a growth factor or as a differentiation factor, causing B-lymphocytes to switch antibody to IgE. In T-cells it causes differentiation into TH2-cells. 

A cytokine, secreted by TH2-cells and mast cells, stimulates B-cell growth, acts as hematopoietic factor for growth factor eosinophils, and extends the life span of eosinophils. 

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