Anionic and amphoteric surfactants

Cationic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants derive thek water solubiUty from thek ionic charge, whereas the nonionic hydrophile derives its water solubihty from highly polar terminal hydroxyl groups. Cationic surfactants perform well in polar substrates like styrenics and polyurethane. Examples of cationic surfactants ate quaternary ammonium chlorides, quaternary ammonium methosulfates, and quaternary ammonium nitrates (see QuARTERNARY AMMONIUM compounds). Anionic surfactants work well in PVC and styrenics. Examples of anionic surfactants ate fatty phosphate esters and alkyl sulfonates. 

Consider using anionic and amphoteric surfactants to enhance the performance of antimicrobial agents, since they make the cell wall of microorganisms more permeable to disinfectants. 

SYNTHASIL SE 100 is a nonionic, elastomeric silicone emulsion for treatment of a broad spectrum of natural, synthetic and blended woven or knit goods. The nonionic nature of the product allows for its use with a wide range of nonionic, cationic, anionic and amphoteric surfactants, softeners and lubricants. 

Xanthan gum is an anionic material and is not usually compatible with cationic surfactants, polymers, or preservatives as precipitation occurs. Anionic and amphoteric surfactants at concentrations above 15% w/v cause precipitation of xanthan gum from a solution. 

U.S. 5372744 (1994) Kamegai et al. (Kao) Alkyl saccharide sucrose fatty acid ester anionic and amphoteric surfactants Low irritation to skin and eyes creamy and abundant foam excellent slippery feel... 

Reduced irritant properties of anionic and amphoteric surfactant... 

U.S. 5747436 (1998) Petal et al. (Colgate-Palmolive) Anionic and amphoteric surfactants complex acidramine (1 1 mole ratio) mixture of monoalky and dialkyl ammonium Improved antistatic properties fee of silicone... 

Marti-Mestres, G., F., R. Nielloud, R. Marti, and H. Maillols, 1997. Optimisation with experimental design of nonionic, anionic and amphoteric surfactants in a mixed system. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 23 (10) 993—998. 

Figure 16. The effect of solid surface charge on adsorption of anionic and amphoteric surfactants. Key SS, Berea sandstone LS, Indiana limestone and Dolo, Baker dolomite. (Reproduced with permission from reference 12. Copyright 1992 Elsevier Science Publishers.)...

G. Marti-Mestrcs. F. Nielloud, R. Marti, H. MailloLs. Optimization with e.xperimental design of non-ionic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants in mixed system. Drug Dev. Ind, Phann, 23(10) 993-998. 1997,... 

Cationic and nonionic surfactants are not very common for bar products. However, they can be used at very low levels for certain functional properties. Anionic and amphoteric surfactants are more cost-effective, and have balanced mildness with excellent lathering properties. Some of the nonionic surfactants such as sugar esters and amphoacetates have very good mildness and lathering properties, but are not cost-effective. These surfactants are suitable mainly for liquid products. In combination with fatty acid soaps, SCI, suUbsuccinate, AGES, AOS, and CMGS have been used as surfactants in syndet and combars. 

Sarcosinate surfactants have been widely used in personal wash, skin care, and hair care formulations as coactives. They are particularly useful in providing a rich, stable lather, especially in the presence of sebum. Lathers produced from other anionic and amphoteric surfactants are remarkably enhanced by the addition of sarcosinates. Maximum foaming and detergency are developed in the pH range 4-8. The adsorption of sarcosinates onto the hair results in manageability and reduced static buildup. Sarcosinate surfactants are easily... 

The peracid salt may be used as a general purpose disinfectant, disinfectant for hospitals, food industry and institutions. It is compatible with many nonionic, cationic, anionic and amphoteric surfactants. Recommended use concentrations for the treatment of surfaces according to tests with Enterococcus faecium. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,. Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans (source LONZA) 0.5% (60min) for clean surfaces, 1.0% (60 min) for dirty surfaces... 

Anionic and amphoteric surfactants are not disinfectants per se, but they can be used as vehicles for other active ingredients. 

Most detergent formulas use a cambination of various surfactants to balance their performance. Generally, one or more anionic and one or more nonionic surfactants are used in a formula. Amine ethoxylates work well with other surfactants. They are compatible with nonionic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants. Unlike AE and NPE, amine ethoxylates do not normally form water/surfactant... 

LC-MS was the analytical technique chosen to determine anionic and amphoteric surfactants in shampoos without pre-treatment by Miyamae et al. (2001). Moreover, using this combined technique, these authors determined cationic (dialkyldimethylammonium, alkyltrimethylammonium) and nonionic (amine oxide, fatty amides, polyglycerol alcohols...) surfactants in cosmetic lotions and aeams (Miyamae et al, 2002). 

Chem. Descrip. Anionic and amphoteric surfactant blend Ionic Nature Anionic/amphoteric... 

Uses Thickener, foam booster/stabilizer, detergent booster for anionic and amphoteric surfactants, waterless hand cleaners, engine shampoos, concrete floor cleaners, wax strippers, tar removers... 

Uses Detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, and defoamerfor mechanical dishwashing formulations, rinse additives, cold phosphate cleaners, carwash formulations, metal spray cleaners, and other hard surf, cleaners Features Low foaming compat. with other nonionic, cationic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants... 

Features Performs best at pH 4.0 - 6.0 levels compatible with nonionic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants... 

Features Compat, with non-ionic, anionic and amphoteric surfactants med. foam Properties Gardner 11 max, liq. m.w. 910 flash pt. (PM) 258 F 95% quat. min. Varisoft 137 [Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH]... 

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