Tetraethyl-ammonium-hydroxide

Ethyl chloride. Magnesium metal turnings, Tetrahydrofuran, Arsenic trichloride. Hexanes Tetraethyl lead. Arsenic trichloride Ethylenediamine, Nitric acid. Ethanol Nitric acid. Ethanol, N,N"-Diethanolethylenediamine Dinitrate ethylene glycol. Nitric acid. Sulfuric acid Ammonium nitrate. Water, Oil, Oleic acid. Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid, Erythritol, Nitric acid. Sodium carbonate. Ethanol... 

Figure 8.6 Voltammograms for the oxidation of dissolved H2 (1 atm) in DMF [(0.5 M TEAP) (EUNCIOJ] and with 20 raM additions of triethylamine (Et3N), tetraethyl-ammonium benzoate (PhC(O)O-), and tetraethylammonium hydroxide (HO-). The Pt electrode (area 0.23 cm2) was preanodized at +1.8 V versus SCE for 2 min prior to each voltammogram scan rate 0.1 V s-1.

Looker et al used a modification of the Bbs persulfate oxidation procedure in which tetraethyl-ammonium hydroxide was used as the base in their synthesis of S,8-4uinoflavone. The phenol (65) was oxidized to the hydroquinone, primetin (66), which upon further oxidation with LTA affwded S,8-flavo-quinone (67) in 34% overall yield (Scheme 24). 

Commercially available tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), dodecyltrimethyl- ammonium chloride (DTMACl) and trimethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) were mixed in water and the solution was stirred for 4 h at room temperature. The composition of the gel mixture was Si DTMACl TMAOH H2O = 1 0.6 0.3 60. White precipitates were filtered and dried at 393 K. This as-synthesized powder was calcined at 903 K for 4 h to obtain MCM-41. The silica was stirred vigorously in toluene containing a monolayer equivalent amount (1.0 per 1 nm ) of [l-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl]trimethoxysilane... 

Four precipitated iron-based catalysts were used. The first catalyst consisted of only iron. The other catalysts contained either added potassium, added silicon or both. The catalysts were designated in terms of the atomic ratios as lOOFe, 100Fe/3.6Si, 100Fe/0.71K and 100Fe/3.6Si/0.71K. The catalysts were prepared by continuous precipitation from iron (111) nitrate and concentrated ammonium hydroxide. For silica-containing catalysts, a colloidal suspension of tetraethyl ortho silicate was mixed with the iron nitrate solution prior to precipitation. Potassium was added to the catalysts in the form of potassium tertiary butoxide during the loading of the FTS reactor. 

XlO. Tetraethyl(methyl)ammonium hydroxide. Triton B. Trityllithium (potassium, sodium). 

Typical data are presented for the major products. BC Benzalconium chloride, HA Hydroxylamin, TBATF Tetrabutyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate, TEAB Tetraethyl ammonium bromide, TEAH Tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, TEAP Tetraethyl ammonium perchlorate. Ppy Polypyrrole, PAn Polyaniline. 

T3.8.2.3 Obtained in Microemulsion Ammonium hydroxide was added to a solution containing Igepal Co520 (surfactant) and cyclohexane, and the mixture was shaken to obtain a microemulsion. Solutions of zirconium n-propoxide in acetylacetone and n-butanol (l 0.5 3) and of tetraethyl orthosilicate in water and ethanol (1 1 4) were mixed for 3 h, and the mixture was added to the microemulsion with stirring, and hydrolyzed for 3 d. The final concentrations of alkoxides were 0.0075 M, the water surfactant molar ratio was 0.8, and the water alkoxide molar ratio was 10. The powder was washed with acetone and heated at 900°C for 2 h. 

Conditions 10 mmol olefin, 16 mmol oxidant, 20 ml terr-butanol, 0.75 ml 20% aqueous tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide and 0.005 mmol OSO4 were stirred for 24 h at 0°C. 

The mesoporous silicoaluminophosphate materials were synthesized using cetyl tiimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) (99% S.D. Fine Chemicals) as structure directing agent. In a typical synthesis procedure, 8 gms. of aluminium isopropoxide (Loba Chemie) was mixed with dilute phosphoric acid (6.2 ml. H3PO4 in 60 ml H2O) and stirred vigorously for 1 hr at 333 K. This was followed by the addition of CTAB (8 gm in 20 ml H2O) with subsequent addition of appropriate amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) (Merck) in tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide. The pH of the resulting gel was around 2.5. The molar composition of the resulting gel thus obtained was ... 

Al metal powder was oxidized in tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide 40 wt.% aq. (TPAOH) in a polypropylene bottle under gentle stirring allowing the Hj to escape. After complete dissolution, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was added to the tetrapropylammonium aluminate solution under vigorous stirring. After TEOS was completely hydrolyzed, water was added and stirring continued for another 24 h at room temperature. The final molar composition of the resulting clear solution was (TEOS)2s(TPAOH)9(H20)4oo(Al)o,5. Clear solutions are suspensions of MFI zeolite precursor units called nanoslabs [9,10]. 

Pure silica Beta has been crystallized from alkali-free hydrogel containing tetraethyl-ammonium hydroxide and fumed silica at 413 K by the conventional hydrothermal synthesis method. Characterization has been done by XRD, IR, SEM, solid-state NMR, thermal analysis eind N2 adsorption. The results show that a highly crystalline pure silica Beta is formed. Si MAS NMR reveals that the pure silica Beta has a small number of sites originating from structural defects and almost half of sites are silanol groups. Thermal analysis shows that pure silica Beta possesses nonequivalent sites that are siloxy groups counterbalanced by TEA cations. 

SAPO-34 was prepared using procedures in a patent (Lok et al., 1984). SAPO-34 (0) was prepared by adding a surfactant. The catalysts were prepared by initially mixing aluminum isopropoxide, phosphoric acid, tetraethyl orthosilicate and templating chemical tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in a stirred polyethylene plastic bottle using a magnetic stirrer. Silicoaluminophosphate catalyst of the form... 

Copolymerizations were carried out interfacially in a laboratory Waring blender. A typical reaction was conducted as follows To a stirred solution of 1.5 g sodium hydroxide in 200 ml water in the blender was added 3.500 g of bisphenol-A. Then, 2.0 g tetraethyl ammonium chloride was added, followed by 150 mJl of methylene cjiloride. A solution of 9.900 g of a -10,000 gm/mole (Mn) polysulfone oligomer in 100 ml methylene chloride was then introduced. Next, a solution of 3.3172 g of terephthaloyl chloride in 100 mH of methylene chloride was added to the reaction mixture and stirred vigorously. Agitation was stopped after approximately 5 minutes of... 

An important example of this type of separation process is the purification of the supporting electrolyte by controlled potential electrolysis. Thus by electrol5reis at —2-35 V, the alkali metals (and the lower amines) can be separated from 0-1 M tetraethyl-ammonium hydroxide in 50 per cent ethanol after 45 min.h5)... 

The silica nanoparticles of about 40-nm diameter were produced by the Stober method [9] from ethanol, ammonium hydroxide and tetraethyl orthosilicate. One kind of sample was used as formed, (hydrophiUc sample), the other was surface-treated by trimethyl-silyl-A,A-dimethylcarbamate, in order to render the particles hydrophobic. The samples were used from the alcosols. The solid content of the sols was determined from the amount of solid residuum after evaporating the solvent at 80 °C. The diameter of the particles was determined from the transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of layers transferred on Formvar-coated grids. Details of sample preparation and characterization have been described in previous papers [10, 11]. 

The range of solubility for 0-T in tetraethyl-ammonium hydroxide was much more restricted (Fig. 6) The slope of the saturation line is lower and the lowest critical concentration point is at a higher base concentration. The latter effect is due in part at least to the higher molecular weight of the... 

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