Silica nanoparticle

Figure 3.37 Activity and selectivity in the reaction of isobutane dehydrogenation to isobutene with nanoparticles of Pt/silica (a) and with Pt/Sn bimetallic nanoparticles/silica obtained via the organometallic route (b).

Binks, B.P. and Whitby, C.P., Nanoparticle silica-stabilised oil-in-water emulsions Improving emulsion stabihty. Colloids Sutf. A, 253, 105, 2005. 

Su et al. [138] prepared composite PEMs from sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) (sPPEK) and various amounts of sulfonated silica nanoparticles (silica-SO3H). The use of silica-SO H was seen to compensate for the reduction in the lEC of the membrane, while the strong -SO3H/-SO3H interaction between sPPEK chains and silica-SO3H particles led to ionic crosslinking in the membrane structure, which improved not only the thermal stability but also the methanol resistance. 

The wide assortment of polymer systans (polypropylene, poly(methyl methacrylate) [PMMA], polyepoxide, polystyrol, PC, etc.) is used as a polymeric matrix for nanocomposites production (Ray and Okamoto 2003). The most well-known fillers of polymeric matrix are nanoparticles (silica, metal, and other organic and inorganic particles), layered materials (graphite, layered aluminosilicates, and other layered minerals), and fibrous materials (nanofibers and nanotubes) (Thostenson et al. 2005). Nanocomposite polymer materials containing metal or metal oxide particles attract growing interest due to their specific combination of physical and electric properties (Rozenberg and Tenne 2008, Zezin et al. 2010). Nanocomposites on the base of layered materials... 

Proton exchange membranes (PEM) were also prepared by solution blending of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) (sPPEK) and various amotmts of sulfonated silica nanoparticles (silica-SOsH) [58]. The solution blending techiuque was also used in combination with compression molding thus, poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)-based nanohybrids were fabricated by means of compression molding at 400°C under a pressure of 60 MPa using silica surface-modified with stearic acid and PEEK [59]. 

Martinez S, Moreno-Manas M, VallriberaA, Schubert U, Roig A, Molins E (2006) Highly dispersed nickel and palladium nanoparticle silica aerogels sol-gel processing of tethered metal complexes and application as catalysts in the Mizoroki-Heck reactim. New J Chan 30 1093-1097... 

In addition to functionalizing native CPMV for electrochemical applications, Evans and coworkers utilized the exterior of CPMV as a biological template for the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles.Silica nanoparticles were synthesized from a genetically mutated version of CPMV, which included the insertion of a 12 amino acid peptide sequence previously determined to initiate the nucle-ation of silica mineralization. The introduction of a short peptide into the viral capsid did not alter the assembly... 

A method which combines laser vaporization of metal targets with controlled condensation in a diffusion cloud chamber is used to synthesize nanoscale metal oxide and metal carbide particles (10-20 nm). The silica nanoparticles aggregate into a novel web-like microstructure. These aggregates are very porous and have a very large surface area (460 m /g). Bright blue photoluminescence from the nanoparticle silica has been observed upon irradiation with UV light. The photoluminescence is... 

As a general feature, those resins with improved processability have the ability to maintain their newly acquired properties even when used as matrices in composite formulations, no matter whether the reinforcement is glass flbers/fabrics, carbon fibers, or nanoparticles (silica, clays, metals and metallic oxides, etc.). 

Many types of metal oxide nanoparticles can be successfully electrospun examples include magnesium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, iron, zinc, and mixed metal oxide nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles electrospun with polystyrene dispersions are extensively utilized in the production of superhydrophobic meshes (Fig. 16.9a) [23, 24]. Nanoporous silica nanoflbers with ultrahigh surface area have been fabricated... 

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