Nitrate iron

The direct conversion of styrene to P-nitrostyrene using clay doped with nitrate salts has been reported. Styrene and clayfen (iron nitrate on clay) or clayan (ammonium nitrate on clay) are mixed well and then heated at 100-110 °C in solid state to give P-nitrostyrene in 68% yield.551 A more simple one-pot synthesis of P-nitrostyrene from styrene has been reported P-nitrostyrene is prepared in 47% yield on treatment of styrene with CuO HBF4,12, andNaN02 in MeCN at room temperature.55b... 

Geochemists (e.g., Thorstenson et al., 1979 Thorstenson, 1984) have long recognized that at low temperature many redox reactions are unlikely to achieve equilibrium, and that the meaning of Eh measurements is problematic. Lindberg and Runnells (1984) demonstrated the generality of the problem. They compiled from the watstore database more than 600 water analyses that provided at least two measures of oxidation state. The measures included Eh, dissolved oxygen content, concentrations of dissolved sulfate and sulfide, ferric and ferrous iron, nitrate and ammonia, and so on. 

Major constituents (greater than 5 mg/L) Minor constituents (O.Ol-lO.Omg/L) Selected trace constituents (less than 0.1 mg/L) Bicarbonate, calcium, carbonic acid, chloride, magnesium, silicon, sodium, sulfate Boron, carbonate, fluoride, iron, nitrate, potassium, strontium Aluminum, arsenic, barium, bromide, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, iodide, lead, Uthium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, phosphate, radium, selenium, silver, tin, titanium, uranium, vanadium, zinc, zirconium... 

Ferric Nitrate (Iron Nitrate), Fe(N0s)3.9H30 mw 404.02, It viol monocl delq crysts, mp 47°, dec at 100° v sol in w ale. Can be prepd by the action of coned nitric acid on scrap iron or on iron oxide, followed by crystn. It is a strong oxidizing agent and is considered to be dangerous as a fire hazard. Used in analytical chemistry... 

Cast iron nitrators (Fig. 16) were used [6] more often than lead ones for nitrating nitroglycerine in the U.S.A. 

During the course of studying the effect of crystallite sizes, attempts were made to produce very small unsupported iron oxide powders by lowering the calcination temperature of the iron hydroxyl gel that was precipitated from iron nitrate with ammonium hydroxide. However, catalysts calcined below 300°C still contain hydroxide, and they show high selectivity in butadiene production. For this reason, two catalysts, calcined at 250°C and 300°C, respectively, were studied in more detail. 

A powder which burns with a green flame is obtained by the addition of nitrate of baryta to chlorate of potash, nitrate of potash, acetate of copper. A white flame is made by the addition of sulfide of antimony, sulfide of arsenic, camphor. Red by the mixture of lampblack, coal, bone ash, mineral oxide of iron, nitrate of strontia, pumice stone, mica, oxide of cobalt. Blue with ivory, bismuth, alum, zinc, copper sulfate purified of its sea water [sic]. Yellow by amber, carbonate of soda, sulfate of soda, cinnabar. It is necessary in order to make the colors come out well to animate the combustion by adding chlorate of potash.15... 

The teacher should show students samples of solutions of copper nitrate, Cu(N03)2, iron nitrate, Fe(N03)3, cobalt nitrate, Co(N03)2, nickel nitrate, Ni(N03)2 and zinc nitrate, Zn(N03)2. List the solution name and formula and color. Name the metal element in each compound. 

Catalyst preparation and inspection by microscopy. Preparation by impregnation with ammonium iron citrate and iron nitrate resulted in a homogeneous iron distribution as determined by light microscopy. Ammonium iron EDTA as a precursor yielded an eggshell distribution of the iron compound. Finely divided material deposited on the support was observed with Transmission Electron Microscopy in all catalysts. Tn addition to this, some material deposited next to the support was observed in catalysts ex nitrate. It was therefore decided to focus on the catalysts prepared with ammonium Fe(ITI) citrate. 

Nitration in two stages in one nitrator, The Griesheim (I, G, Farbenindustrie) process for the manufacture of dinitrobenzene differs from that of Hochst since in the latter the whole nitration starting from benzene is carried out in one cast iron nitrator of 8 m3 capacity. The nitrator is equipped with a stirrer, rotating at 110 r.p.m., a jacket having a cooling area of 8 m2 and a lead cooling coil of 16 m2 area. 

Plant for mononitration consists of two cast iron pre-nitrators, each having a capacity of 0.5 m3 and a main cast iron nitrator of 15 m3 capacity. Toluene and acid are run into the pre-nitrators, a toluene to acid ratio of 1 2.5 being maintained. The mixture is transferred to the main nitrator through an overflow in the quantity necessary to fill the nitrator (10-12 m3). A temperature of 34-40°C is maintained in both nitrators by means of a cooling coil. 

The acid liquid DNT is metered and fed into a cast iron nitrator of 12 m3 capacity by means of compressed air. Then acid T3 of the composition ... 

The succession of operations is as follows. A cast iron nitrator of 7 m3 capacity... 

At the Griesheim Woiks the following process was applied for nitrating chlorobenzene to o- mid p- chlorodinitrobenzenes. A cast iron nitrator is charged with 6530 kg of a nitrating mixture of the composition ... 

The cast iron nitrator of 8 m3 capacity is equipped with a jacket and a lead coil. 

The phenoldisulphonic acid thus prepared is then nitrated in conventional iron nitrators with a jacket and a stirrer. 1000-2000 kg of sulphophenol may be nitrated at a time. From 100 parts of phenol 205 parts of picric acid can be obtained. 

TPR and TPO patterns of silica-supported rhodium, iron, and iron-rhodium catalysts are shown in Fig. 10.5 [14]. These catalysts were prepared by pore volume impregnation from aqueous solutions of iron nitrate and rhodium... 

The efficiency and selectivity of a supported metal catalyst is closely related to the dispersion and particle size of the metal component and to the nature of the interaction between the metal and the support. For a particular metal, catalytic activity may be varied by changing the metal dispersion and the support thus, the method of synthesis and any pre-treatment of the catalyst is important in the overall process of catalyst evaluation. Supported metal catalysts have traditionally been prepared by impregnation techniques that involve treatment of a support with an aqueous solution of a metal salt followed by calcination (4). In the Fe/ZSM-5 system, the decomposition of the iron nitrate during calcination produces a-Fe2(>3 of relatively large crystallite size (>100 X). This study was initiated in an attempt to produce highly-dispersed, thermally stable supported metal catalysts that are effective for synthesis gas conversion. The carbonyl Fe3(CO) was used as the source of iron the supports used were the acidic zeolites ZSM-5 and mordenite and the non-acidic, larger pore zeolite, 13X. 

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