Ammonium hydroxide CAS

Ammonium hydroxide CAS 1336-21-6 EINECS/ELINCS 215-647-6 UN NA 2672 (DOT) INS527 E527 Synonyms Ammonia aqua Ammonia aqueous Ammonia solution Ammonia solution, strong Ammonia water... 

Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. See Tetra-n-butyl ammonium hydroxide Tetra-n-butyl ammonium hydroxide CAS 2052-49-5 EINECS/ELINCS 218-147-6 UN 1719 2924... 

El N ECS, Canada DSL, Ja[pan ENCS listed Manuf./Dlstrib. Advanced Synthesis Tech. http //WWW. advancedsynthesis. com Tri methyl phenyl ammonium hydroxide CAS 1899-02-1 EINECS/ELINCS 217-592-3 Synonyms Ammonium, phenyltrimethyl-, hydroxide Ammonium, tri methyl phenyl-, hydroxide Benzenaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-, hydroxide Phenyltrimethyl ammonium hydroxide Trimethylanilinium hydroxide N,N,N-Trimethylbenzenaminium hydroxide Empirical C9H15NO Formula C6HsN(CH3)30H Properties M.w. 153.23 dens. 0.80 flash pt. 10 C ref. index 1.397... 

VA/crotonates/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer is the most used polymer in aerosol hair sprays (ca 1993). Like its precursor above, it has free carboxyhc acid groups which can be neutralized to give various film properties. Recommended neutralizing agents include aminomethyl propanol, ammonium hydroxide, and dimethyl stearamine. Recommended percent neutralization is 90%, but products can be found in the 80—110% range. 

For solvent extraction of pentavalent vanadium as a decavanadate anion, the leach solution is acidified to ca pH 3 by addition of sulfuric acid. Vanadium is extracted in about four countercurrent mixer—settler stages by a 3—5 wt % solution of a tertiary alkyl amine in kerosene. The organic solvent is stripped by a soda-ash or ammonium hydroxide solution, and addition of ammoniacal salts to the rich vanadium strip Hquor yields ammonium metavanadate. A small part of the metavanadate is marketed in that form and some is decomposed at a carefully controlled low temperature to make air-dried or fine granular pentoxide, but most is converted to fused pentoxide by thermal decomposition at ca 450°C, melting at 900°C, then chilling and flaking. 

Other options for the purification of CA include dissolution in hot water, aqueous ammonia, aqueous formaldehyde, or hot dimethylformamide followed by filtration to remove most of the impurities. The CA is recoverable by cooling the aqueous solution (84), acidifying the ammonium hydroxide solution (85), or cooling the dimethylform amide solution with further precipitation of CA by addition of carbon tetrachloride (86). Sodium hydroxide addition precipitates monosodium cyanurate from the formaldehyde solution (87). 

The hydrochloride salt is dissolved in 100 ml of methanol and 110 ml of 15% ammonium hydroxide is added in several portions. The mixture is cooled and the crystalline product is filtered and washed with methanol-water (1 1). The dried 3f5-hydroxy-16o -methoxylaminopregn-5-en-20-one acetate (114) obtained in ca. 90% yield is recrystallized from acetone mp 147-149°. 

Neutralizers. To maintain pH levels in alkaline regions, it is necessary to neutralize the acidic components of the corrosive medium. Water-soluble, alkaline materials, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ammonium hydroxide (NH OH) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)J, can be used to obtain pH levels around 9.6. However, care must be taken to avoid reaching pH levels that are... 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (caustic soda) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) (caustic potash) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (slaked lime) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (aqueous ammonia solution) White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution in water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution In water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White powder soluble in water yielding lime water. Alkaline Weakly alkaline. Emits ammonia gas. Severe eye irritant... 

The ammonium salts retard the depolytmerization, which is expressed by an increasing of the ammonia concentration and reducing of the ammonium hydroxide. The addition of Na and ions leads to enhancing of the process, but in this case the values are not so close as it is in the other processes. From the investigated divalent ions, we found out that Mg " retard the depolymerization, while Ca " enhance it. Comparing the influence of the ions on the performing reactions, we will notice that these which enhance the ammonolysis retard the depolymerization, and these which enhance the hydrolysis enhance the depolymerization as well. 

Nickel was first isolated in 1751, and a relatively pure metal was prepared in 1804. In nature, nickel is found primarily as oxide and sulfide ores (USPHS 1977). It has high electrical and thermal conductivities and is resistant to corrosion at environmental temperatures between -20°C and +30°C (Chau and Kulikovsky-Cordeiro 1995). Nickel, also known as carbonyl nickel powder or C.I. No. 77775, has a CAS number of 7440-02-0. Metallic nickel is a hard, lustrous, silvery white metal with a specific gravity of 8.9, a melting point of about 1455°C, and a boiling point at about 2732°C. It is insoluble in water and ammonium hydroxide, soluble in dilute nitric acid or aqua regia, and slightly soluble in hydrochloric and sulfuric acid. Nickel has an atomic weight of 58.71. Nickel is... 

Solubility of polymers in tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide aqueous solution was measured by dipping the wafer on which the polymer solution was spin-coated, for 1 min. at 25°C. The prebake was carried out at 90°C for 5min. Sensitivity of resists was measured after the exposure with CA 800(Cobilt) or KrF excimer laser(0.9mJ/cm2/1 pulse). The polymer structure was determined by iH-NMR, 13C-NMR(FX90Q apparatus,JEOL) and 2 Si-NMR. The molecular weight distribution was determined with a Toyo Soda Model 801 gel permeation chromatograph at 40°C. The four columns were connected in series, each packed with G-2000H8x3 and G-400H8(Toyo Soda polystylene gel), respectively. 

Dowex 50W x 8 (Na+ form), as purchased from Fluka AG or recovered from previous use, is stirred for 30 min with ca. 6 N HCI, washed until nearly neutral, stirred with ca. 6 N ammonium hydroxide, washed with water, then stirred a second time with ca. 6 N HCI and washed until neutral (pH 7). The resin thus obtained is used directly. 

C. trans-Cyclooctene. A 500-ml., three-necked, round-bottomed flask is equipped with a nitrogen inlet capillary tube (Note 9), a short (10-20 cm.) unpacked column (Note 10), and a pressure-equalizing dropping funnel. The round-bottomed flask is connected by the unpacked column to a 100-ml. trap cooled in an ice bath. This trap is then connected to a 200-ml. trap cooled in dry ice-acetone (Note 11). The flask is heated in an oil bath to 110-125°, and the apparatus is evacuated to a pressure of ca. 10 mm. under a constant sweep of nitrogen. The hydroxide solution is added dropwise at approximately the rate of decomposition of the quaternary ammonium hydroxide (Note 12). 

The solution is stirred slowly and ca. 25 ml. of 2N cupric chloride solution is added slowly. The blue-green color of the cupric chloride is rapidly discharged and a brick red coloration occurs, followed by the precipitation of voluminous bright red crystals of the cuprous chelate of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene. The pH is adjusted to 5-6 by the addition of 5N ammonium hydroxide. Addition of 25 ml. of the cupric chloride solution followed by neutralization of the generated hydrochloric acid with 5iV ammonium hydroxide is repeated five times. The precipitate is collected by filtration and the filtrate is again treated with 25-ml. portions of cupric chloride solution and 5N ammonium hydroxide. The procedure is repeated until the filtrate is clear red at pH 3-4 and returns to a cloudy green at pH 6 with no further formation of precipitate (Note 5). 

KOH), and calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH) j. Ammonia (NH 3) is a weak base, capable of reacting with H+ to form the ammonium ion,... 

Ammonium hydroxide has also been used in place of NaOH or KOH [20,24,26]. In reported contrast to films deposited from alkali metal hydroxide, these films, prepared at or slightly above room temperature, were photoconductive (photosensitivity ca. 10) as deposited without need for air-annealing [26]. The crystal size of films deposited at different temperatures was measured (XRD line broadening) to be 10-15 nm (30°C), 17 nm (40°C), and 39 mn (50°C) [24,26]. The presence of strain in the crystals was inferred from the same XRD measurements [24]. 

The process to obtain morphine from opium involves boiling a water-opium solution and adding calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH2). The calcium hydroxide combines with the morphine to form the water-soluble salt calcium morphenate. As the solution cools, other insoluble alkaloids precipitate out of solution, leaving morphine in solution. The solution is filtered and then reheated. Ammonium chloride (NHCI) is added to increase the solutions pH level to... 

But what is a base When a base is dissolved in water it liberates negatively charged hydroxyl ions (OH-). When a base is neutralized, these ions take on — or accept — positively charged protons from another substance. A base is a substance that will accept and combine with protons from another substance. Bases are "proton acceptors. The most important bases are sodium hydroxide ( lye, NaOH), ammonium hydroxide ( ammonia, NIL OH), and calcium hydroxide ("slaked lime, Ca(OH),). 

Bases Used in the Manufacture of Explosives and Propellants Following are a few examples of bases used in expl plants and labs a)Ca hydroxide has been used as a catalyzer in some reactions and as neutralizer of acidic wastes from plants manufg acids, TNT, etc b)Ammonium hydroxide- as a neutralizer of acidic materials and as a purifier of crude TNT(such as was practiced during WWII at the Vest Virginia Ordnance Works). Its use in chem labs is very extensive c)Na hydroxide has been used in some plants for neutralizing acidic substances. For instance, red waters(< -v) of TNT plants are neutralized and made alkaline prior to their concn in stills. Lab uses include titrations of acids manufd at the plants d)K hydroxide has been used in labs of plants for colorimetric testing of TNT and DNT, etc... 

C9H7N7. mw 213.23 N46.10% cream colored solid mp > 200° (with effervescence) v si sol in nonpolar solvents decomps in polar solvents. Prepn is by diazotization of 2,4-diamino-6-(2-aminophenyl)-l, 3,5-triazine in 2N hydrochloric acid with subsequent basification using ammonium hydroxide to obtain the desired product in 85% yield. The triazine explds on maceration Refs 1) Beil, not found 2) M.F.G. Stevens SM. Mackenzie, Triazines and Related Products. JCS (C) 1970 (17), 2298-2308 CA 74,13107(1971)... 

The first examples of asymmetric Michael additions of C-nudeophiles to enones appeared in the middle to late 1970s. In 1975 Wynberg and Helder demonstrated in a preliminary publication that the quinine-catalyzed addition of several acidic, doubly activated Michael donors to methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) proceeds asymmetrically [2, 3], Enantiomeric excesses were determined for addition of a-tosylnitro-ethane to MVK (56%) and for 2-carbomethoxyindanone as the pre-nudeophile (68%). Later Hermann and Wynberg reported in more detail that 2-carbomethoxy-indanone (1, Scheme 4.3) can be added to methyl vinyl ketone with ca 1 mol% quinine (3a) or quinidine (3b) as catalyst to afford the Michael-adduct 2 in excellent yields and with up to 76% ee [2, 4], Because of their relatively low basicity, the amine bases 3a,b do not effect the Michael addition of less acidic pre-nucleophiles such as 4 (Scheme 4.3). However, the corresponding ammonium hydroxides 6a,b do promote the addition of the substrates 4 to methyl vinyl ketone under the same mild conditions, albeit with enantioselectivity not exceeding ca 20% [4],... 

Preparation of 5-p-D-pentofuranosyIneamine ambutyrosin A (1.0 g) in 30 ml of 0.5 N sodium hydroxide solution was refluxed for one hour, then neutralized with 6 N hydrochloric acid and applied on a column of Amberlite CG-50 (NH4+ form, 30 ml). The column was washed with water (ca. 100 ml) until the ninhydrin test became negative, and then eluted with 0.2 N ammonium hydroxide. Biologically active fractions were collected, concentrated in vacuum to 5 ml and treated with 5 ml of methanol to induce precipitation. It was further purified by re-precipitation from aqueous methanol to yield 607 mg (65%) of deacylated ambutyrosin A hereafter referred to as DA ... 

The aqueous fraction from the first extraction or another portion of the original sample is made alkaline with ammonium hydroxide, and the same liquid-liquid extraction procedure is repeated (Figure 1, fraction 2A). After derivatization, for example with 100 xl of A,0-to(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacet-amide (BSTFA, CAS 25561-30-2) for 1ml extract, the extract is analyzed for alkaline CWC-related chemicals. 

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