Abdominal aorta

In 1948 Einstein was found to have a large intact aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. In 1950 he wrote his testament, willing his papers and manuscripts to Hebrew University (where they are now). On April... 

Abdominal aorta and lower eternity vascular surgeiy 5. aureus, S. epidermidis, enteric gramnegative bacilli Cefazolin 1 g at induction and every 8 hours x 2 more doses Although complications from infections may be infrequent, graft infections are associated with significant morbidity IB... 

Prophylactic antibiotics are beneficial, especially in procedures involving the abdominal aorta and the lower extremities. 

Fig. 10.17 Apolipoprotein E (APOFi-related therapeutic efficacy of E-SAR-94010 on atheroma plaques in the abdominal aorta of patients with chronic hyperlipidemia. (Adapted from refs. 19 and 20.)...

Figure 5.10. Accumulation of a radiolabelled LMWP in the lysosomes of the proximal tubular cell. Electron microscope autoradiography of renal proximal tubular cells from a rat injected i.v. with [1251]-tyramine-cellobiose-labelled cytochrome-c, 4 h prior to fixation throngh the abdominal aorta. An intense lysosomal accumulation of the protein is observed in three dark electron-dense lysosomes. A few grains are seen over the apical endocytic apparatus. Part of the luminal brush border is found in the upper right hand corner. Magnification, x 25 000. Unpublished data from E. I. Christensen, Arhus, Denmark, and M. Haas, Groningen, Netherlands.

Figure 1.5 The blood vessel and nerve supply in the mammary glands of a cow. Circulatory system (arteries, white veins, stippled) h, heart a, abdominal aorta pa, external pudic artery pv, external pudic vein s, subcutaneous abdominal vein c, carotid artery j, jugular vein. Nerves 1, first lumbar nerve 2, second lumbar nerve 3, external spermatic nerve 4, perineal nerve. A and V show blood sampling points for arteriovenous (AV) difference determinations (Mepham, 1987).

The effect of butadiene exposure on arteriosclerotic plaque development was assessed in white leghorn cockerels exposed for 6 h per day on five days per week for 16 weeks to 20 ppm (44 mg/m ) butadiene. Plaque frequency and size in the abdominal aorta wall were determined for butadiene-exposed animals and controls. Plaques were larger for butadiene-exposed animals than for corresponding air controls and the authors concluded that butadiene exposure markedly accelerated arteriosclerotic plaque development. Since... 

Recent evidence suggests that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process. The recruitment of mononuclear leukocytes and formation of intimal macrophage-rich lesions at specific sites of the arterial tree are key events in atherogenesis. Alterations of chemotactic and adhesive properties of the endothelium play an important role in this process [82]. Quercetin has been reported to inhibit the expression in glomerular cells of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) [83] a potent chemoattractant for circulating monocytes. Red wine reduced MCP-1 mRNA and protein expression in abdominal aorta of cholesterol fed rabbits after balloon injury and this effect was associated with a reduced neointimal hyperplasia [84]. The antioxidant-mediated inhibition of nuclear factor k B (NFkB) and the subsequent non selective reduction of cytokine transcription have been suggested to be responsible for these effects [83]. Additionally, quercetin downregulated both phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)- and tumour necrosis factor-a (TNFa)-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in human endothelial cells [86]. 

Fig. 14.1. (A) Implantation of HT-29LP tumor cells into the posterior wall of the rectum. The anterior wall of the anorectal area is cut 7 mm in length between two hemostats to prevent colonic obstruction, resulting from tumor progression. Tumor cells are then injected submucosally using a 27 G needle. (B) At the end of the study period, the abdominal cavity is exposed through a midline incision and para-aortic lymph nodes (arrow), located around the abdominal aorta, are removed and imaged ex vivo.

See color plate.) Microscopy with 405 nm excitation reveals red fluorescence from talaporfin (LSI l/NPe6) in macrophages within atheromatous plaque on abdominal aorta in hyper- cholesterolemic rabbit, 24 hours after 5mg/kg intra- venous administration. Note green autofluorescence from elastic fibers in adventitia with no detected LS11. Source Courtesy of Prof. K Aizawa, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. 

I 9 Saito T, Hayashi J, Kawabe H, et al. Photodynamic treatment for atherosclerotic plaques of the rabbit abdominal aorta by the laparoscopic approach using a pheophorbide derivative, Med Electron Microsc 1996 29 137-144. 

Each kidney receives its blood supply from a renal artery, two of which branch from the abdominal aorta. Upon entering the hilum of the kidney, the renal artery divides into smaller arteries which in turn give off still smaller branches. Branching off these are the afferent arterioles supplying the glomerular capillaries, which drain into efferent arterioles. Efferent arterioles divide into peritubular capillaries that provide an extensive blood supply to the renal cortex. Blood from these capillaries collects in renal venules and leaves the kidney via the renal vein. Blood supply is intimately linked to blood pressure. 

Esteban JM, Alonso A, Cervera V, Martinez V. One-molar gadolinium chelate (gadobutrol) as a contrast agent for CT angiography of the thoracic and abdominal aorta. Eur. Radiol. 2007 17 2394-2400. 

Lung perfusion. Mice are anaesthetized as above, abdomen opened, and the heart exposed. The right ventricle is cut and punctured in the direction of the right atrium with a blunt needle connected to the peristaltic pump. Perfusion is carried out as before, and the abdominal aorta is cut to allow the flow through. After blood clearing and tissue digestion, lungs are removed and placed in a sterile petri dish. 

Esoolar G, Garrido M, Aznar-Salatti J, Ordinas A, Bastida E Con >arison between human umbilical artery and rabbit abdominal aorta as substrata for platdet adhesion and platelet thrombus fi>nnation under flow conditions Blood Vessels 28 520-531,1991. 

Indirect splenoportography via the femoral artery is not only very important, but also low-risk. (s. p. 182) Using radiography, the arterial branches of the abdominal aorta initially become visible, followed by the spleen, the splenic vein and the portal vein together with its afferent veins and collaterals. This procedure provides information on (7.) localization of vascular resistance-related hypertension, (2.) cause of portal hypertension (in individual cases), (3.) patency and diameter of the respective vessel, 4.) extent of collateral circulation, (5.) hepatopetal or hepatofugal direction of flow in the portal vein, and 6.) shunt capacity of the splenic vein or superior mesenteric vein. (s. p. 182)... 

Other rare complications have been seldom reported, namely cryoglobulinemia with evidence of disseminated BCG infection (16), ruptured mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (17), bladder wall calcification (18), rhabdomyolysis (19), iritis or conjunctivitis with arthritis or Reiter s syndrome (20,21), and severe acute renal insufficiency due to granulomatous interstitial nephritis, which can occur even in the absence of other systemic complications (22). 

Damm O, Briheim G, Hagstrom T, Jonsson B, Skau T. Ruptured mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta a serious complication of intravesical instillation Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy. J Urol 1998 159(3) 984. 

Kroencke TJ, Wasser MN, Pattynama PM, Barentsz JO, Grabbe E, Marchal G, Knopp MV, Schneider G, Bonomo L, Pennell DJ, del Maschio A, Hentrich HR, Dapra M, Kirchin MA, Spinazzi A, Taupitz M, Hamm B. Gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR angiography of the abdominal aorta and renal arteries. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002 179(6) 1573-82. 

Control groups were fed commercial chow (Purina) or a complete diet prepared of purified components (8). The mineral mixture in this latter diet could be prepared without iron, copper or zinc so that these mineral elements could be added in controlled amounts as supplements in the form of ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, or zinc carbonate. Under ether anesthesia, blood was removed from the abdominal aorta with a 1.5 inch, 22 gauge needle attached to a 10 ml syringe containing dried heparin. Aliquots were taken for hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell counts and plasma analysis. The liver was removed, weighed, frozen and saved for analysis. 

A combination of chloroquine and colchicine, which suppresses the secretory and phagocytic activities of microglia, resulting in neuronal protection in spinal cord ischaemia induced by the temporary occlusion of the abdominal aorta in rabbits.83... 

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