Zinc and castor oil

A similar process occurs when we spread a thick paste of zinc and castor oil on a baby s bottom each time we change its nappy. The zinc is in fact zinc oxide, ZnO, which, being amphoteric, reacts with the uric acid in the baby s urine, thereby neutralizing it. 

Nappy rash is effectively managed by the application of a barrier preparation, such as zinc and castor oil ointment. Antihistamine creams such as mepyramine and antipruritic creams such as Eurax cream, containing crotamiton, are of no use. 

Napkin dermatitis can be soothed and prevented with the use of barrier creams and ointments such as zinc and castor oil, Vasogen, Sudocrem and Drapolene. Canesten HC contains an antifungal clotrimazole and the corticosteroid hydrocortisone. Such combination products are only indicated severe napkin dermatitis and are used only for 1 week, after which... 

Zinc and castor oil cream was tested in a polystyrene jar using a four start lug finish to simplify removal of the closure (mother holding baby). Samples were stored at 4°C, 20°C, 30°C and 37°C. Jars cracked at the four stress points created by the four lug closure, first at 4°C then at the higher temperatures in ascending order of temperature (i.e. 6 weeks, 3 months, 7 months, 10 months). The subsequent use of an impact modified polystyrene with the return to a conventional continuous screw thread and screw cap ultimately provided a satisfactory pack. 

WakeUn, S.H., A.J. Harris, and S. Shaw. 1996. Contact dermatitis from castor oil in zinc and castor oil cream. Contact Dermat. 35(4) 259. 

Metal stearates such as zinc, magnesium or aluminium stearates are commonly used as lubricants at about 1 % concentration. Other materials that have been used successfully include oxidised paraffin wax and sulphonated castor oil. 

Lie and coworkers31 reported the synthesis and NMR properties of all geometrical isomers of conjugated linoleic acids. Pure geometric isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were prepared from castor oil as the primary starting material. Methyl octadeca-9Z, 11 /i-dienoate (36) and methyl octadeca-9Z,llZ-dienoate (38) were obtained by zinc reduction of methyl santalbate (35, methyl octadec-11 -en-9-ynoatc) and methyl... 

This type of alkoxylation chemistry cannot be performed with conventional alkali metal hydroxide catalysts because the hydroxide will saponify the triglyceride ester groups under typical alkoxylation reaction conditions. Similar competitive hydrolysis occurs with alternative catalysts such as triflic acid or other Brpnsted acid/base catalysis. Efficient alkoxylation in the absence of significant side reactions requires a coordination catalyst such as the DMC catalyst zinc hexacyano-cobaltate. DMC catalysts have been under development for years [147-150], but have recently begun to gain more commercial implementation. The use of the DMC catalyst in combination with castor oil as an initiator has led to at least two lines of commercial products for the flexible foam market. Lupranol Balance 50 (BASF) and Multranol R-3524 and R-3525 (Bayer) are used for flexible slabstock foams and are produced by the direct alkoxylation of castor oil. 

Ricinoleic acid (Figure 3.8) is the major fatty acid found in castor oil from seeds of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis Euphorbiaceae), and is the 12-hydroxy derivative of oleic acid. It is formed by direct hydroxylation of oleic acid (usually esterified as part of a phospholipid) by the action of an 02- and NADPH-dependent mixed function oxidase, but this is not of the cytochrome P-450 type. Castor oil has a long history of use as a domestic purgative, but it is now mainly employed as a cream base. Undecenoic acid (A9-undecenoic acid) can be obtained from ricinoleic acid by thermal degradation, and as the zinc salt or in ester form is used in fungistatic preparations. 

Wilbur, J. 2007. Final report on the safety assessment of Ricinus communis (castor) seed oil, hydrogenated castor oil, glyceryl ricinoleate, glyceryl ricinoleate se, ricinoleic acid, potassium ricinoleate, sodium ricinoleate, zinc ricinoleate, cetyl ricinoleate, ethyl ricinoleate, glycol ricinoleate, isopropyl ricinoleate, methyl ricinoleate, and octyldodecyl ricinoleate. Int. f. Toxicol. 26(Suppl. 3) 31-77. 

Wetting agents are surfactants and reduce the surface tension between the binder solution and the pigment particles. Wetting agents used in paint technology include calcium, zinc octoate, or naphthenate, fatty alcohol sulfonates, castor oil acid derivatives, and conversion products, poly(glycol ethers), and low-viscosity silicone oils. 

Zinc-containing linseed oil-based poly(ester amide) resins with different loadings of zinc acetate were prepared by an in situ condensation polymerisation reaction between linseed oil fatty amide diol, phthaUc anhydride and zinc acetate (a divalent metal salt with different mole ratios) in the absence of any solvent (Fig. 5.3). Similarly, linseed oil based-poly(ester amide urethane)s with alumina, Zn and Cd were prepared in situ by the reaction of linseed oil-derived fatty amide diol, aluminium trihydroxide, divalent zinc/cadmium acetate and toluene-2,4/2,6-diisocyanate, using a minimal amount of solvent.Castor oil and soybean oil-based poly(ester amide) containing Cd and Zn were also prepared to obtain improved performance, including antimicrobial properties. ... 

Additives used in final products Fillers aluminosilicate, calcium carbonate, clay, mica, talc Plasticizers acetyl triethyl citrate, benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, castor oil, dipropylene glycol dIbenzoate, epoxidized soybean oil, ethylene and propylene glycols, glycerin, triethanolamine, triacetin, tributyl citrate, trIethyl citrate Antistatic quaternary ammonium salt Release zinc stearate ... 

The results indicated that castor oil tris(diphenyl phosphate) as the additive could effectively reduce the friction and wear of sliding pairs in the two base greases. The tribological performances were also better than the commonly used zinc dialkyldithiophosphate-based additive package in hthium 12-hydroxystearate greases and also in lithium complex greases. 

Derivatives of castor oil also have value in cosmetics. Zinc ricinoleate is useful as a deodorant both in personal deodorant applications and in treating animal waste (Kuhn et al., 2000). Although ricinoleate salts are derived from base hydrolysis of castor oil, thereby eliminating any trace of protein allergens, in some individuals they do cause an allergic reaction (Magerl et al., 2001 Johnson, 2007). Other derivatives of castor oil are used for both textural and antimicrobial properties. Hydroxystearate derived from hydrogenation and... 

Constitution op Oils and Fats, and their Saponification. Researches of Chevreul and Berthelot—Mixed Glycerides—Modem Theories of Saponification—Hydrolysis accelerated by (1) Heat or Electricity, (2) Ferments, Castor-seed Ferment, Steapsin, Emul-sin, and (3) Chemical Reagents, Sulphuric Acid, Twitchell s Reagent, Hydrochloric Acid, Lime, Magnesia, Zinc Oxide, Soda and Potash. 

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