Woven fabric-plain weave

Fabric, Cloth or Mat Woven strands of filament. The weave pattern used depends on the flexibility and balance of strength properties required in the warp and fill directions. Fig. 4.65 shows a plain weave in which the strength is uniform in both directions. The warp direction refers to the direction parallel to... 

Like cotton, there are many different linen fabrics made from the basic flax fiber. Most of these are defined only by the type of weave and the fineness of the fiber, such as cambric and damask. The word linen is usually applied only to unbleached plain weave material. Some names are applied to similar fabrics made of cotton and linen. An example of this is canvas, a plainly woven fabric of varying weight made from hard-twisted yam. Canvas may be made from hemp, cotton, jute, or flax (linen). Most fine fabrics, particularly of European or American manufacture, are made from flax. Since its invention in the 1600s, most lace has also been made of flax thread. 

There are many types of weaving patterns for woven fabrics and the four basic types are plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, and plain reverse Dutch weave (Svarovsky 1990) as shown in Figure 22.66. The filtration performances of the four types of weaves are shown in Table 22.13. 

Plain- and twill-weave woven fabrics (Table 5.6) are used as reusable OR surgical gowns (Aibibu et al., 2006). A microbial barrier effect has been achieved by using microfilament polyester as well as by controlling the pore size in the woven structure. 

It is established that the barrier efficiency of the woven fabrics directly depends on the arrangement of the filaments in the yam and the construction of the woven fabric. Research indicates that a desized, scoured, and bleached plain-weave cotton fabric weighing 130 g/m finished with a natural antimicrobial agent, neem seed, showed 99.5% antibacterial activity against S. aureus (Joshi et al., 2007). It should be mentioned that neem seed is obtained from the neem tree, Azadirachta indica, which... 

The substrate of the fabric is composed of untwisted, continuous multi-filament yams such as polyester or nylon that are free to flatten out in the fabric like miniature ribbons. These flat yams have no more than the normal producers twist of one or two turns per inch. The flat yams are woven into a fabric containing forty-four warp yams per inch and thirty-two filling yams per inch in a plain weave. 

In general, PET with a high tensile strength, and glass, which both appear as multifilament yams, are used for coated membranes. For load-bearing constructions woven fabrics are mostly qualified twisted multifilaments are processed to plain woven fabrics in plain or in panama weave. 

Woven fabric 580 was used for MWl. The chosen woven fabric ST0°, 580 g/m consisted of glass roving fibres in both warp and weft directions constructed in a plain weave with edges fixed by mechanically bonded glass thread. The product specification was ... 

First of all the structure of the weave and its variations during the test has been considered. Figure 2 presents the cross section schematic of the plain woven fabric in the opposed direction. 

In this study the yam pullout test is applied to investigate internal mechanical properties of the plain woven fabrics. In the first step an analytical model was developed, inputs of which employs simple mechanical properties such as the fabric modtrlus, the weave angle, and the fabric deformation angles during the pullout test. This model predicts important mechanical parameters such as the weave angle variations, the yam-to-yam friction coefficient, the normal load in crossovers, the lateral forces, and the opposed yam strain within the fabric. This approach may be extended to other types of the woven fabrics. 

Force balance model is capable of predicting the irttemal mechanical parameters of the plain woven fabrics in a similar yam prrllout test based on the force distribution concepts. These parameters are yam-to-yam friction coef ftierrt, normal load at crossovers, lateral forces, lateral strairr, weave angle variatiorrs, arrd pullout force. Crimp angle of yams within the fabric 9 in (Figure 3)), its elastic modulus and linear density and fabric deformation data (a in (Figure 1(a))) are the required empirical factors of force balance model. The main equations of this model are presented in (Table 1) [10] ... 

In terms of fiber architecture, the most mature composites utilize Nextel fibers in the woven form and usually in an 8 harness-satin weave, although other weaving patterns are available (i.e. plain weave). The woven fabric enables easy handling of the fiber and is formable to more complex shapes. Alternately, fiber tows can be utilized by forming... 

Other types of woven fabrics used as filter media are the twill and satin weaves. In the twiU weave, yam is woven over two and under one for a 2/1 twill and over three and under one for a 3/1 twill weave. The twill weave fabrics allow good flow rates and do not retain particles as well as the plain weave as a result, the filters do not blind as fast as the plain weave fabric filters. In the satin weave fabrics, the yams are woven over one and under four in both directions. These types of fabrics are not very effective in retaining particles but have the best cake release characteristics therefore, the filters can be cleaned with comparative ease. Woven fabric area densities are typically in the range of 200-500 gm" ... 

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