Neem seed oil

Preservatives which are based on natural ingredients or nature identical are small in numbers and these are gaining the attention of marketers. The ones I am aware of are - Grapefruit Seed extracts and Usnic Acid distributed by Paroxite, Neem seed oil... 

Stone, k. A Biopeslicidal Tree Begins to Blossom, Neem Seed Oil has Insect Toxicologists Buzzing About Its Potential As a Source of Natural Insecticides, ... 

Neem seed oil possesses an unpleasant, garlicky-type odor, undoubtedly due to a number of sulfur compounds present. 

Anti-ulcer studies conducted with laboratory rats using nirrbidin, the major bitter principle of neem seed oil, showed significant anti-ulcer potential when fed at doses of 20-40 mg/kg. 

Melia azedarach Neem seed oil SV, VSV, Potato virus Y Preinfection treatment Inhibits transmission [11] [137]... 

Lowery, D.T. Eastwell, K.C. Smirle, M. Neem Seed Oil Inhibits Aphid Transmission of Potato virus Y to Pepper. Can. Ann. Appl. Biol. 1997, 130, 217-225. 

Neem seed oil. See Neem (Melia azadirachta) seed oil... 

HaUurG, Sivramakrishnan A, Bhat SV (2002) Three new tetranortriterpenoids from neem seed oil. J Nat Prod 65 1177-1179... 

SathyaSelvabala, V., Varathachary, T.K., et al., 2010. Removal of flee fatty aciAiaAzadirachta indica (neem) seed oil using phosphoric acid modified mordenite for biodiesel production. Bioresource Technology 101 (15), 5897—5902. 

The seeds from the Indian neem tree, Azadirachta indica, are the source of two types of neem-derived botanical insecticides neem oil and medium polarity extracts. Neem seeds contain numerous azadirachtin (Fig. 9) analogs, but the major form is azadirachtin and the remaining minor analogs are likely to contribute little to the overall efficacy of the extracts. Typically, solvent partitions or other chemical processes are required to concentrate this active ingredient to the level of 10% to 50% seen in the technical grade material used to produce commercial products. 

Ndumu et al. evaluated the effectiveness of Azadirachta indica seed oil against the larvae of this parasite [95]. They administered the oil as hydroalcoholic solutions ranging 4.2-100% and computed the mortality within 60 hours. Authors observed that the mortality of larvae was concentration and time dependent 100% mortality was observed with 100% pure neem oil after 48 h. The LD50 of different concentrations were 33.3% (56 h) and 66.7% (48 h). Author also observed little or no adverse effects on treated animals. Furthermore, they stated that the open wound caused by tick bites and therefore exposed to potential fungal and bacterial attacks, could be protected by the microbicidal properties of the neem oil. Previously, the effectiveness of neem oil was also observed by Williams and Mansingh against another tick species of the same genus, A. cajennense, another cattle tick [96]. 

Azadirachtin, which is a tetranortriterpenoid, is an active ingredient of neem Azadirachta indica) seed oil. The structure of azadirachtin is as follows. It controls 200 species of insects, including locusts, gypsy moths, cockroaches, and fall army worms. It has an oral LD50in rats of >5000 mg/kg, making it essentially nontoxic to mammals. 

Neem (Azadirachta indica). This interesting seed oil contains chemicals used to control 200 species of insects. The oil prevents some insect species from maturing past the larval stage (144). 

Recent research indicates that neem may be good for more than pest control-it can help stop plant diseases, too When sprayed on plant leaves, the oil extracted from neem seeds provides a protective coating that blocks fungal spores and prevents disease development. 

Devi, N. and T. K. Maji, Genipin crosslinked microcapsules of gelatin A and K-carrageenan polyelectrolyte complex for encapsulation of Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) seed oil. Polym. Bull., 65 (2010) 347-362. 

Methylparaben Myristalkonium chloride Neem (Melia azadirachta) seed oil Nonoxynol-9 iodine Nonoxynol-12 iodine PEG-5 DEDM hydantoin PEG-15 DEDM hydantoin PEG-5 DEDM hydantoin oleate PEG-15 DEDM hydantoin stearate Phenol ... 

Currently, little work has been published on the application of neem in textiles as an antimicrobial agent. Few patents based on the application of neem oil by micro-encapsulation technique have been recently reported [20]. A systematic stu on integrating neem seed and bark extracts on to the textile substrates has been undertaken by our group at III Delhi in the last five years [21], and the major findings are described briefly in this paper. 

The neem (margosa or Indian lilac) tree (Azadirachta indica) is particularly well known for producing a complex mixture of limonoids which can be extracted from the bark, leaves and seed oil. Extracts of neem have been employed for many years in the Indian subcontinent as insect repellents and folk medicines and can be used to preserve stored grains and pulses (Boeke et al. 2004). The best known of the neem limonoids is azadirachtin (105),... 

Betiku, E., Omilakin, O.R., et al., 2014. Mathematical modeling and process parameters optimization studies by artificial neural network and response surface methodology a case of non-edible neem Amdirachta indica) seed oil biodiesel synthesis. Energy 72, 266—273. 

Contraction in the number of EPA-allowed biocides has heightened efforts to develop naturally derived preservatives and microorganisms capable of countering microbial degradation. Neem oil A. dirachta indica seed extract) has been featured as an exceptional natural candidate for the preservation of cosmetic products. Naturally derived chemicals with antimicrobial properties have been used since antiquity as preservatives. However, displacement of successhil synthetic products by natural products in preservatives of any category remains to be witnessed. 

Akhtar, M., Mahmood, I. Control of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato plants by seed coating with Suneem and neem oil. J Pesticide Sci 1997 22 37-38. 

Margosa oil, a long-chain fatty acid that is extracted from the seeds of the neem tree, has been implicated as a... 

The neem products currently sold for pest control contain a seed extract known as azadirachtin, and not neem oil, so they do not have any fungicidal activity. But it s possible that neem oil products tor controlling both pests and diseases may be available in the future. 

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