Twill weave

Table 11.2 Typical Flow Opening Sizes and Wire Diameters for Common Size Dutch Twill Weave Screens...

FIGURE 26 (A) Plain weave and (B) twilled weave woven sieves. Source Adapted from Ref. 50. 

There are many types of weaving patterns for woven fabrics and the four basic types are plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, and plain reverse Dutch weave (Svarovsky 1990) as shown in Figure 22.66. The filtration performances of the four types of weaves are shown in Table 22.13. 

In industrial filtration a common filter medium is canvas cloth, either duck or twill weave. Many different weights and patterns of weave are available for different services. Corrosive liquids require the use of other filter media, such as woolen cloth, metal cloth of monel or stainless steel, glass cloth, or paper. Synthetic fabrics like nylon, polypropylene, and various polyesters are also highly resistant chemically. 

Two denim fabrics of 100% cotton and 50/50 cotton-polyester were used. A catalogue survey showed these fiber contents to be common in men s work clothing. Both fabrics were a 2/1 left-hand twill weave. The cotton and cotton-polyester fabrics had a thread count of 60 X 42 and 65 x 47, respectively. Average weight of both... 

Previous research aimed at removing pesticide residues from contaminated fabrics has been directed at removal of a particular pesticide chemical and/or formulation of pesticide, with no effect toward comparing the pesticide residue s composition to that of common soil. Fabric selection for this study allowed a comparison of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers and the effect of fabric type on soil removal. Two fabrics were identified for the study. Denim was 100% cotton fabric of twill weave dyed with indigo dyes. This fabric was 14 ounce, comparable to the heavy weight denim found in jeans. The second fabric was Gore Tex, a three layer structure consisting of an outer layer of rip-stop nylon and an inner layer of nylon tricot laminated to a film. The film was a micro-porous, polymeric film or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Previous studies on pesticide penetration found Gore Tex to be impermeable to pesticides. Thermal comfort studies found it to be relatively comfortable, similar In comfort to the commonly worn denim jeans and a chambray shirt. 

Plain- and twill-weave woven fabrics (Table 5.6) are used as reusable OR surgical gowns (Aibibu et al., 2006). A microbial barrier effect has been achieved by using microfilament polyester as well as by controlling the pore size in the woven structure. 

Table 5.6 Specifications of plain and twill weave operating room surgical gowns... 

Nicoletto G, Riva E. Failure mechanisms in twill weave laminates FEM predictions vs experiments. Composites Part A 2004 35 787-95. 

Twill weave A basic weave characterized by a diagonal rib or twill line. Each end floats over at least two consecutive picks, allowing a greater number of yarns per unit area than in a plain weave, while not losing a great deal of fabric stability. This pattern has better drapability than either plain or basket weaves. 

Weave pattern plain weave fabric 2x2 basket weave (or panama) 2x2 twill weave 4x1 satin weave. 

Other types of woven fabrics used as filter media are the twill and satin weaves. In the twiU weave, yam is woven over two and under one for a 2/1 twill and over three and under one for a 3/1 twill weave. The twill weave fabrics allow good flow rates and do not retain particles as well as the plain weave as a result, the filters do not blind as fast as the plain weave fabric filters. In the satin weave fabrics, the yams are woven over one and under four in both directions. These types of fabrics are not very effective in retaining particles but have the best cake release characteristics therefore, the filters can be cleaned with comparative ease. Woven fabric area densities are typically in the range of 200-500 gm" ... 

When woven in plain weave, maximum efficiency coupled with dimensional stability are usually the key operational requiranents, whereas if woven in a twill weave, greater bulk and hence greater resistance to abrasive or compressive forces are usually the dominant factors. 

Usually produced in simple 2/2 or 2/1 style, twill weaves enable more weft threads per unit length to be crammed into the fabric than the preceding design (plain weave), as shown in Fig. 3.23. As a consequence, this facilitates the production of fabrics of higher area density and hence greater bulk, features which are particularly suited... 

Other textile items Polyester Satin or twill weaves for seat belts... 

Fig. 12.14 SEM images of weaves and their corresponding fibres (a) polyester microfibre twill weave before coating (b) cotton lawn plain weave before coating (c) polyester fibre screen printed with YP17 (d) cotton fibre screen printed with YP17. Gravimetric capacitance verus voltage obtained from cyclic voltammetry of cotton lawn tested in 1 MNa SO, at 10 and 100mVs (e) cyclic voltammogram of polyester microfibre tested in IMNa SO shows more resistive behaviour compared to (f) cotton.

Flg 3 Pure cotton and intimate blends of cotton with polyester as twill weave immersed in sodium pltmbite solution (12% aqueous base) at 26 C, washed and dried. 

A relatively new type of closed twill weave is available for colloidal separations. Whilst such fabrics have lower clean permeabilrties than plain or Dutch weaves, they are more easily cleaned and withstand heavy use. 

Figure 4.13 A) Water flow through several plain- and twill-weave monoBlament brics.

Plain weave (1/1) , 5/1 Sateen weave , 2/1 Twill weave. A.2/2 Twill weave B) Deviations produced 1 the use of projected open area weave ... 

Here the warp and weft threads are crossed in a programmed sequence and frequency in order to obtain the diagonal lines characteristic of this type of weave. Figures 3.2 and 3.3 illustrate examples of 3 on 1 and 2 on 2 twill weaves respectively. Twill weaves drape better than plain weave. 

Figure 21.11 Twill weave fabric. Source Reprinted from SP Systems, Newport, lOW, technical data with kind...

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