Twill-weave fabric

There are many types of weaving patterns for woven fabrics and the four basic types are plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, and plain reverse Dutch weave (Svarovsky 1990) as shown in Figure 22.66. The filtration performances of the four types of weaves are shown in Table 22.13. 

In industrial filtration a common filter medium is canvas cloth, either duck or twill weave. Many different weights and patterns of weave are available for different services. Corrosive liquids require the use of other filter media, such as woolen cloth, metal cloth of monel or stainless steel, glass cloth, or paper. Synthetic fabrics like nylon, polypropylene, and various polyesters are also highly resistant chemically. 

Two denim fabrics of 100% cotton and 50/50 cotton-polyester were used. A catalogue survey showed these fiber contents to be common in men s work clothing. Both fabrics were a 2/1 left-hand twill weave. The cotton and cotton-polyester fabrics had a thread count of 60 X 42 and 65 x 47, respectively. Average weight of both... 

Previous research aimed at removing pesticide residues from contaminated fabrics has been directed at removal of a particular pesticide chemical and/or formulation of pesticide, with no effect toward comparing the pesticide residue s composition to that of common soil. Fabric selection for this study allowed a comparison of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers and the effect of fabric type on soil removal. Two fabrics were identified for the study. Denim was 100% cotton fabric of twill weave dyed with indigo dyes. This fabric was 14 ounce, comparable to the heavy weight denim found in jeans. The second fabric was Gore Tex, a three layer structure consisting of an outer layer of rip-stop nylon and an inner layer of nylon tricot laminated to a film. The film was a micro-porous, polymeric film or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Previous studies on pesticide penetration found Gore Tex to be impermeable to pesticides. Thermal comfort studies found it to be relatively comfortable, similar In comfort to the commonly worn denim jeans and a chambray shirt. 

Plain- and twill-weave woven fabrics (Table 5.6) are used as reusable OR surgical gowns (Aibibu et al., 2006). A microbial barrier effect has been achieved by using microfilament polyester as well as by controlling the pore size in the woven structure. 

Twill weave A basic weave characterized by a diagonal rib or twill line. Each end floats over at least two consecutive picks, allowing a greater number of yarns per unit area than in a plain weave, while not losing a great deal of fabric stability. This pattern has better drapability than either plain or basket weaves. 

Weave pattern plain weave fabric 2x2 basket weave (or panama) 2x2 twill weave 4x1 satin weave. 

Other types of woven fabrics used as filter media are the twill and satin weaves. In the twiU weave, yam is woven over two and under one for a 2/1 twill and over three and under one for a 3/1 twill weave. The twill weave fabrics allow good flow rates and do not retain particles as well as the plain weave as a result, the filters do not blind as fast as the plain weave fabric filters. In the satin weave fabrics, the yams are woven over one and under four in both directions. These types of fabrics are not very effective in retaining particles but have the best cake release characteristics therefore, the filters can be cleaned with comparative ease. Woven fabric area densities are typically in the range of 200-500 gm" ... 

Usually produced in simple 2/2 or 2/1 style, twill weaves enable more weft threads per unit length to be crammed into the fabric than the preceding design (plain weave), as shown in Fig. 3.23. As a consequence, this facilitates the production of fabrics of higher area density and hence greater bulk, features which are particularly suited... 

A relatively new type of closed twill weave is available for colloidal separations. Whilst such fabrics have lower clean permeabilrties than plain or Dutch weaves, they are more easily cleaned and withstand heavy use. 

Figure 21.11 Twill weave fabric. Source Reprinted from SP Systems, Newport, lOW, technical data with kind...

EPX Bicycles produces bikes with 100% carbon fiber, using a bladder molding technique with 8 layers of CF/E twill weave fabric and up to 20 layers in high stress areas. 

Figure 5.3 (a) Plain weave fabric (b) flax tow (c) detailed view of flax tow (d) twill weaves fabrics. 

Figure 5.12 indicates that the tensile strain limit in the case of the warp tows left free is about 2% for the twill weave fabric. 

Figure 5.12 Twill weave fabric biaxial tension curves.

Figure 5.15 Twill weave fabric tensile strains comparison during forming.

Chinchilla cloth n. A heavy, twill weave, filling-pile fabric with a napped surface that is rolled into little tufts or nubs. The material is frequently double faced with a knitted or woven, plain or fancy back. Chinchilla cloth is used primarily in coats. The term is also used to refer to a knitted woolen fabric having a napped surface. 

Flannel fla-n l [ME flaunneol] (1503) n. Medium weight plain- or twill-weave, slightly napped fabric, usuaUy of wool or cotton, but may be made of other fibers. 

Galatea ga-l9- te-9 [L, fr. Gk Galeteia] n. A sturdy, serviceable, warp-effect, five-shaft, left-hand twill-weave fabric, frequently cotton or a cotton blend, used for children s play clothes. Kadolph J, Langford AL (2001) Textiles. Pearson Education, New York. 

Ticking ti-kig [ tick] (1649) n. A durable, closely woven fabric used for covering box springs, mattresses, and pillows. Ticking may be woven in a plain, satin, or twill weave, usually with strong warp yarns and soft filling yarns. 

Tweed twed [prob short for Scots tweed-ling, twidling twilled cloth] (1841) n. An irregular, soft, flexible, unfinished, shaggy wool or wool-blend fabric made with a 2/2 twill weave. Tweeds are used in all types of coat fabrics and suitings. 

Woven fabrics with fray resistant constructions (a) shows combination of plain, twill and Leno stitches among the first 6 threads on the left, threads 1 and 3 show plain weave, 2 and 4 show 3/1 twill weave, and 5 and 6 show Leno stitches and (b) shows the S-shaped locked structure. 

As some reverse air filters also employ shake or vibration mechanisms, it is not uncommon to find the same fabric in both types of filter. This notwithstanding, conventional reverse air filter sleeves are most likely to feature multifllament yarns in the warp combined with staple fibre yams in the weft. On this occasion the twill weave will be replaced by a 5- or 6-shaft warp satin construction, which is designed to facilitate superior dust release from the smooth multifilament warp yarns during the less aggressive cleaning phase. Particle capture will be further enhanced if the fabric is subjected to a raising or napping process on the reverse side. A typical polyester construction, as may be found in a reverse air filter, is also shown in Table 7.3 for comparison with the previous construction. 

In weaving, the warp and weft yams are commonly referred to as picks and ends. The interlacing of the picks and ends gives a coherent structure, and the repeating pattern of the interlacing is referred to as the weave of the fabric. Woven geotextiles are commonly plain weave, but twill weave and leno weave are also used. ... 

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