Vinyl plasticized

Alkyl diphenyl phosphate plasticizers can exert flame-retardant action in vinyl plastics by a condensed-phase mechanism, which is probably some sort of phosphoms acid coating on the char. Triaryl phosphates appear to have a vapor-phase action (29). 

For viayl compouads, the geaeral range of dibasic lead phthalate stabiHzet usage is betweea 4 and 4 phr resia. In 105°C electrical iasulation PVC stocks, approximately 7 phr is required. For vinyl plastics and foams, between 3 and 5 phr of lead stabiHzet is recommended. 

Ammonium acetate has limited commercial uses. It serves as an analytical reagent, and in the production of foam mbber and vinyl plastics it is also used as a diaphoretic and diuretic in pharmaceutical appHcations. The salt has some importance as a mordant in textile dyeing. In a hot dye bath, gradual volatilization of ammonia from the ammonium acetate causes the dye solution to become progressively more acidic. This increase in acidity enhances the color and permanence of the dyeing process. 

It is also not tme that vinyl plastics decompose in landfills and give off vinyl chloride monomer, because like all plastics, vinyl is an extremely stable landfill material. It resists chemical attack and degradation, and is so resistant to the conditions present in landfills that it is often used to make landfill liners. On those occasions when vinyl chloride monomer is detected in landfills, it typically can be traced to the presence of other chemicals and solvents. 

Furthermore, it is not tme that other plastics are more environmentally friendly than vinyl. A more recent study compared vinyl to a number of other packaging materials and found that vinyl consumed the least amount of energy, used the lowest level of fossil fuels, consumed the least amount of raw materials, and produced the lowest levels of carbon dioxide of any of the plastics studied (184). In fact, the Norwegian environmental group BeUona has concluded that a generally reduced use of vinyl plastics can lead to a worsening of the environmental situation (185). 

Zinc Borates. A series of hydrated 2inc borates have been developed for use as fire-retardant additives in coatings and polymers (59,153). Worldwide consumption of these 2inc salts is several thousand metric tons per year. A substantial portion of this total is used in vinyl plastics where 2inc borates ate added alone or in combination with other fire retardants such as antimony oxide or alurnina trihydrate. 

Tile is based mainly on vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate copolymers. Some polypropylene tile systems have recendy been iatroduced. A petroleum resia is usually employed as an extender and processiag aid conventional vinyl plasticizers and stabilizers also are iacorporated. Reinforcing fibers and limestone constitute the remainder of the tile composition the fibers contribute hot strength for processiag and dimensional stabiHty ia the finished tile, limestone suppHes bulk at an economical cost. Stable pigments are also iacorporated. Siace tile is iastalled oa and below grade level, it is important that the finished product be resistant to the effects of moisture and alkaH. 

The product is a mistuie of various polyoxyethylene chain lengths (29—31). Glycol diesters ate used as vinyl plasticizers the monoesters as surface-active agents and viscosity modifiers for alkyd resins (qv). 

The decade 1930-1940 saw the initial industrial development of four of today s major thermoplastics polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), the polyolefins and poly(methyl methacrylate). Since all these materials can be considered formally as derivatives of ethylene they have, in the past, been referred to as ethenoid plastics however, the somewhat inaccurate term vinyl plastics is now usually preferred. 

Vinyl acetate plastics Vinyl alcohol plastics Vinyl chloride plastics Vinyl plastics... 

Vinyl plastics Group of plastics composed of resins derived from vinyl monomers, excluding those that are covered by other classifications (i.e., acrylics and styrene plastics). Examples include PVC, poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl butyral), and various copolymers of vinyl monomers with unsaturated compounds. 

Most of over six million dentures produced annually in the USA are made of acrylics (PMMAs) that includes full dentures, partial dentures, teeth, denture reliners, fillings and miscellaneous uses. Plastics have been edging into the dental market for over a half century. Even before the introduction of acrylics to the dental profession in 1937, nitrocellulose, phenol-formaldehyde and vinyl plastics were used as denture base materials. Results, however, were not wholly satisfactory because these plastics did not have the proper requisites of dental plastics. Since then, PMMAs have kept their lead as the most useful dental plastics, although many new plastics have appeared and are still being tested. Predominance of PMMAs is not surprising, for they are reasonably strong, have exceptional optical properties, low water absorption and solubility, and excellent dimensional stability. Most denture base materials, therefore, contain PMMA as the main ingredient. 

Re Design Specifications for Phthalic Anhydride Production in a Fixed Bed Reactor A proposed expansion of the corporation s vinyl plastics operation will require a commitment by the company to produce its own plasticizer. Our long range planning group has suggested that 6 million pounds per year of new phthalic anhydride capacity would meet our internal needs and projected increases in demand from current customers. 

The monomer from which the vinyl plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is prepared. Vinyl chloride was originally made by passing acetylene and hydrogen chloride over a mercury chloride catalyst at a temperature of about 180 °C. Now made from ethylene chloride which is converted to vinyl chloride by contact with a catalyst at about 500 °C (900 °F) or by reaction with dilute caustic alkali at about 150 °C (300 °F). 

Uses. In the formulations of permanent wave solutions and depilatories in pharmaceutical manufacture as a stabilizer in vinyl plastics... 

Uses. As a curing agent for epoxy and other resins and as a vinyl plasticizer also found in anticorrosive surface coatings, polymers, paints, dyes, and pharmaceuticals... 

Uses. Plasticizer in vinyl plastics, lacquers, and varnishes flame retardant... 

Uses. Stabilizer/antioxidant for vinyl plastics and polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene copolymers, and rubber... 

Morris GE. 1953. Vinyl plastics Their dermatological and chemical... 

A finished propellant block (of precisely known properties) was then cut into strands 0.25 in. square and approximately 4 in. long. All strands were inhibited by leaching in water for 10-15 sec. When the burning surface could not be made to burn straight and perpendicular to its direction of travel, the strands had to be inhibited with three coats of 5% vinyl plastic (VYLF) in dichloromethane solution in addition to leaching in water. Preliminary tests showed that this inhibition had no significant effect on the burning rate but did increase the extinction pressure from 0.045 to 0.060 atm. 

VYLF DENOTES 5% VINYL PLASTIC IN DICHLOROMETHANE CC DENOTES COPPER CHROMITE ( USED AS CATALYST )... 

Another group of chlorinated hydrocarbons comprises those made from paraffin wax. Major applications are in extreme pressure lubricants and as extenders and plasticizers in surface coatings and in vinyl plastics. The chlorinated waxes were also widely applied in flameproofing cotton fabrics, which led to large consumption by the military. It is believed that current military requirements for flame-resistant fabrics will be met by vinyl sheeting of vinyl-coated textile products, so that the World War II demand for the halogenated waxes will not be repeated. 

L. F. Fow, Jr., paper presented at the Society Plastic Engineers Regional Technical Conference, Vinyl Plastics Division and Ontario Section, Toronto, Canada,... 

Preservative for adhesives, paints, pigment slurries, emulsions. Paper mill slimicide Paint mildewcide Preservative for adhesives Mildewcide for fabrics and latex paint. Preservative for vinyl plastics... 

Preservative for cosmetics, paints, resins vinyl plastics, plasticizers Fungicide for plastics, paints, resins... 

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