Tris-hydroxymethyl-aminomethane THAM

Tris-hydroxymethyl-aminomethane (THAM) has been evaluated in ischemic stroke to reduce mass effect and ICP. It acts as a bulfer, neutralizing acidosis on a local level, including in the brain parenchyma. It has been studied in animal models of stroke, showing an effect in reducing the size of and swelling from cerebral infarction. To date, however, THAM has not been studied in a controlled fashion in humans with ischemic stroke. 

The standard calorimetric reaction of tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (THAM) neutralization with HC1 was used in several initial experiments to determine both precision and accuracy for the data acquisition and reduction process. Three to five minutes were allowed between acid additions, since this same time frame was used for all later suspension titrations in order to minimize the effects of slow surface reactions which occur during a titration (9,29,30). The amount of acid added in each experiment was varied to generate heat changes of 40-400 mj (typical heat changes observed in our adsorption studies with goethite suspensions). 

The accuracy of a titration calorimeter is normally assessed using the reactions of NaOH(aq) with HCl(aq) or HCICUjaq) [209,210], The dissolution of crystalline tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM) in HCl(aq) has also been employed when the apparatus is equipped with a system for the introduction of solid samples (e.g., an ampule breaking device) [210]. As mentioned in chapter 8, the latter method is commonly recommended for testing conventional reaction-solution calorimeters [39,40]. 

Gu, L. and R. G. Strickley. 1987. Preformulation salt selection. Physical property comparisons of the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM) salts of four analgesic/antiin ammatory agents with the sodium salts and the free acid iarm. Res4 255-257. 

Urease (EC 3.5.1.5 Type IX, Sigma-Aldrich from Jack Beans) was used throughout the experiments. Before immobilizing urease onto the microreactor systems, the enzyme was evaluated for activity in the chosen buffer system (Tris[hydroxymethyl]aminomethane [THAM]). Free enzyme tests of the urease showed an approximate activity of 44,800 U/g of solid. 

CALORIMETRIC MEASOREMEMTS Solution calorimetry was performed at 298.2 0.1 K by using a C-80 differential flux calorimeter manufactured by Setaram. The energy equivalent of the calorimetric signal was determined by electric calibration. The reliability of the equipment was checked by the dissolution of tris-(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (THAM). Agreement within 0.4% with the published value of +17.75 kJ. mol-1 ( 21) was obtained. 

Usually companies do not investigate other salt-forming species other than those shown in Table 3.8. However, Gu and Strickley (1987) have described the physical properties of the tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM) salts of four analgesic/antiinflammatory agents with sodium salts and free acids. They concluded that the THAM salts had superior hygroscopicity properties compared to the sodium salts and did not show any loss in aqueous solubility or intrinsic dissolution rate. The one exception to this was the THAM salt of naproxen. Ketoralac is now marketed as the tromethamine or THAM salt. 

Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-l,3-propanediol (tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, THAM, TRIS) (Other values on Vol.2, p.20)... 

Leucine, ethanol, tobacco, the salicylates, hypoglycin A and B, pent-4-enoic acid, ouabain, isoproterenol, mesoxalate, tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (Tham or Tris), cyclopropane carboxylic acid, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, a few derivatives of indole, tranylcypromine and some cyclic polycarbonyls such as rhodizonate and tetrahydroxyquinone may be included among these substances. Leucine stimulates insulin secretion in infants with leucine sensitivity as well as in normal adults, especially if infused in large amounts or if the p cells have been primed by the previous administration of a sulphonylurea. 

Tham tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (also Tris)... 

Tris tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (also Tham)... 

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane [(HOCH2)3CNH2, known as TRIS or THAM] is a weak base widely used in biochemical experiments to make buffer solutions in the pH range of 7 to 9. A certain TRIS buffer has a pH of 8.10 at 25°C and a pH of 7.80 at 37°C. Why does the pH change with temperature ... 

Addex-tham AI3-03948 Aminotrimethylolmethane Aminotris(hydroxymethyl)methane Apiroserum Tham Caswell No. 036 EINECS 201-064-4 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 083901 HSDB 3408 Methanamine, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)- NSC 6365 Pehanorm Talatrol Tham THAM THAM-E Trimethylolamino-methane Tris Tris (buffering agent) Tris-base Tris buffer Tris, free base Tris-hydroxymethyl-aminomethan Tris-... 

Thallium (1) sulfate Thallium (I) sulfate (2 1) Thallium sulfate (ous) Thallium sulfate, solid. See Thallium (I) sulfate Thallous acetate. See Thallium (I) acetate Thallous carbonate. See Thallium (I) carbonate Thallous chloride. See Thallium (I) chloride Thallous sulfate. See Thallium (I) sulfate Thalo green No. 1. See Phthalocyanine green THAM. See Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane Thaumatin CAS 53850-34-3 FEMA 3732 INS957 E957 Synonyms Katemfe Talin Classification Protein Definition Purified from African fruit of Thaumatococcus danielli... 

SYNONYMS 2-Amino-2 ( hydroxymethyl) propane-1,3-diol, tris ( hydroxymethyl) aminomethane TRIS, Trizma , THAM. ... 

Trade Names Containing Alcojet Alconox Alcotabs Nutrifos L-50 TFE/HFP. See Fluorinated ethylene/propylene TFP. See 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propanol THAM. See Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane THEED. See Tetrahydroxyethyl ethylenediamine Thermal process phosphoric acid. See Phosphoric acid THFA. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol... 

Precaution Wear eye and face protection, protective gloves and clothing avoid elevated temps. reacts with with copper, aluminum, zinc and their alloys Uses De-emulsifier Trade Names Ethoduomeen OV/13 Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane CAS 77-86-1 25149-07-9 108195-864 EINECS/ELINCS 201-0644 Synonyms 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol Aminotrimethylol-methane Aminotris(h roxymethyl) methane THAM Tris Trisamine Tris Buffer Tris (hydroxymethyl) methanamine Tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine 1,1,1-Tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine Trometamol Tromethamine (INCI)... 

Trimethylolaminomethane. Tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane. Aminotris hydroxymethyl)methane. Tromethamine, US AN. Trometamol, BAN, INN, JAN. Trisamine. Tris buffer. Talatrol. THAM. NSC 6365. Other proprietary names [77-86-1]... 

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