Thallium 1 sulfate

Thallium(I) acetate, 24 630-632 Thallium compounds, in organic reactions, 24 635 Thallium formate, 24 630 Thallium halides, 24 632 Thallium ion, 24 629 Thallium nitrate, uses for, 24 636 Thallium salts, 24 630, 632 Thallium sulfate, uses for, 24 636 Thallium (III) compounds, in organic reactions, 24 635-636 Thallium(III) fluoride, 24 632 Thallium(III) ion, 24 630 Thallium(III) salts, 24 632 Thallium(III) trifluoroacetate, 24 635 Thallium (Tl), 24 627-641... 

Thallium metal, 24 627—629 Thallium nitrates, 24 633 Thallium organometallics, 24 633—635 Thallium oxides, 24 632—633 Thallium poisonings, 24 637, 638-639 Thallium stress test, 24 629 Thallium sulfates, 24 628, 633 Thaumatin, 72 43, 24 241-242 Thaumatin II, 24 242 Theaspiranes, 24 572 Thebaine, 2 89 Thenardite, 22 863, 5 785t Thenoyltrifluoroacetone molecular formula, 5 712t Theobroma cacao, 6 350 Theobromine, 2 105-106... 

Thallium sulfate [7446-18-6] Daphnia magna EC50 (24-h) 0.91 Lilius et al., 1995... 

Administered in the drinking water to male rats for 60 days, 0.7 mg thallium/day, as thallium sulfate, caused abnormalities in testicular morphology, function, and biochemistry. Effects included increased epididymal sperm with increased numbers of immature cells, decreased sperm motility, and reduced testicular P-glucuronidase. 

United States (California) Thallium Barley laced with thallium sulfate, used as a rodenticide, is stolen and used to make tortillas 13 family members hospitalized with neurological symptoms 6 deaths... 

In another industrial process, flue dusts from smelting lead and zinc concentrates are boiled in acidified water. Thallium dissolves and is separated from insoluble residues by filtration. Dissolved thallium in solution then is precipitated with zinc. Thallium is extracted from the precipitate by treatment with dilute sulfuric acid which dissolves the metal. The solution may also contain zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, indium, and other impurities in trace amounts. These metals are precipitated with hydrogen sulfide. The pure thallium sulfate solution then is electrolyzed to yield thallium. 

In their applications of A.C. oscillopolarographic titration for pharmaceutical analysis, Huang et al. reported a method for the titration of procaine hydrochloride with sodium tetraphenylborate [62]. Procaine hydrochloride was mixed with sodium tetraphenylborate in acetate buffer (pH 4.6). The precipitate was filtered off, and the unconsumed tetraphenylborate titrated with thallium sulfate by A.C. oscillo-polarography. The recovery was found to be 99.9 to 100.0%, and the coefficient of variation (n = 10) was 0.19%. The method could also be used to identify outdated samples of procaine hydrochloride injection solution, as its loss of water solubility is indicated by an incision in the titration curve. 

When burned in suitable pits, pyrite yields, among other products, sulfur dioxide, arseniouS and selenious adds, and the oxide of thallium, which are carried over into the first lead chamber, with the ferruginous dust. In this first chamber, espedally if it has no other communication with the following ones than the gas pipe, the oxide of thallium deposits and accumulates, and finally thallium sulfate, with sulfates of lead, iron, and other foreign substances coming fiom the pyrite. 

For a number of years, thallium sulfate had been used in rodenticides. Some use of thallium has been made in connection with alloys for low-temperature applications, particularly for switches, seals, and thermometers. The ternary eutectic mercury-thallium-indium alloy has a freezing point of —63.3 JCt while the binary eutectic mercury-thallium alloy has a freezing point of — 60°C. These freezing points are considerably lower than that of mercury usually used for similar applications at higher temperatures. Mercury freezes at —38.87JC. 

The thallium salt 180 which can be prepared in nearly quantitative yield by treatment of dihydropentalene with thallium sulfate in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, can be directly transformed into dianion 179 as well as the complexes 181 and 182 si)... 

THALLIUM SULFATE THALL0U5 CARBONATE THALLOUS CHLORIDE... 

Thallium has two important oxidation states, Tl (-El) and Tl (+3). The trivalent form more closely resembles aluminum and the monovalent form more resembles alkali metals such as potassium. The toxic nature of the monovalent Tl is due to its similarity to potassium in ionic radius and electrical charge. Thallium sulfate use as a pesticide was restricted in 1965 in the USA and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended in 1973 against its use as a rodenticide due to its toxicity (WHO, 1973). From 1912 to 1930, thallium compounds were used extensively for medicinal purposes for example in the treatment of ringworm (because of the depilatory effects), dysentery, and... 

SYNS RATOX SULFURIC ACID, THALLIUM SALT O THALLIUM SULFATE, soUd pO P ZELIO... 

Thallium is a rather uncommon element. Still, some of its compounds have important applications. For example, thallium sulfate (TI2SO4) has long been used as a rodenticide (rat and mouse poison). One form of thallium is sometimes used to study the flow of blood in the body. It shows how well the heart is working. 

For many years, thallium sulfate (TI2SO4) was used as a rodenticide. It worked well with rats and mice because it passes through their skin easily. Once inside their bodies, it causes death. Thallium sulfate is also colorless and odorless, so rats and mice were not aware the compound was present. 

Unfortunately, thallium sulfate has the same effects on humans. Accidental poisoning, especially of young children, led thallium sulfate to be banned as a rodenticide in the United States in 1975. Today, safer compounds (for humans, not rats) are available for rodenticides. 

Selected Compounds Thallium nitrate (TINO3) Thallium sulfate (TI2SO4)... 

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