Thymus composition

Tabfe 2.8 Percentage composition of essential oils of Thymus caespitosus on Sao Jorge, Azores (from Pereira et al., 2000)... 

In this connection, it must also be borne in mind that the deoxyribonucleic acids subjected to analysis have probably not been homogeneous. Deoxyribonucleic acids have been fractionated by making use of their different solubilities in normal saline,186 by extracting thymus nucleo-his-tone with sodium chloride solutions of increasing concentration,187 by ion-exchange,187 and also by adsorption of the polynucleotide onto histone immobilized on a kieselguhr support.123 It is possible, however, that these are artefacts, since it has been shown that deoxyribonucleic acid fractions extracted from calf-thymus nucleohistone may or may not vary in composition according to the previous treatment of the material.188... 

Sokovic MD, Vukojevic J, Marin PD, Brkic DD, Vajs V and van Griensven LJ. 2009. Chemical composition of essential oils of Thymus and Mentha species and their antifungal activities. Molecules 14(1) 238—249. 

The close correspondence of the DNA absorption spectrum with that of a mixture of mononucleotides of the same composition illustrates the weak nature of the interactions between neighboring purine and pyrimidine bases guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and thymine (T) at an interplanar separation of 3.36 A in the unexcited double-helical configuration. On the other hand the structureless fluorescence band of (calf-thymus) DNA is red-shifted by 3500 cm-1 from the fluorescence spectral origin of the mononucleotides it closely resembles the fluorescence spectrum of the dinocleotide ApT (and of poly dAT) and is accordingly identified131 with the fluorescence... 

The variable responses observed are probably the main drawback for the practical use of essential oil as miticides. It must be pointed out that the same plant species often produces essential oils with variable composition because of environmental and/or genetic factors many species have varieties, the so called chemotypes for instance at least seven chemotypes are known for Thymus vulgaris [88,89]. Also the extraction process influences the composition of the essential oils. For these reasons, it is advisable that authors report the composition of the essential oils used in the biological investigations. Unfortunately, only one paper reported this important information [64]. 

During the middle phase the composition of the 3 -P terminal and of the 5 -OH terminal and penultimate nucleotides of oligonucleotides obtained from calf thymus DNA by acid DNase digestion, in the incubation conditions of Fig. 1, is practically constant. Some results obtained in this phase are given in Table III. Purine nucleotides form about 75% of the 3 -terminals and of the 5 -OH penultimates with a predominance of G in... 

Table 11.8. Laser flash photolysis at 193 nm of various ss polynucleotides and DNA samples with different base compositions (origin ML = M. lysodeikticus, CT = calf thymus, CP = C. perfringens). Contribution of the fast component and the half-life of the slower component of the TRLS signal and the ratio of the quantum yield of single-strand breakage and photoionization. (Melvin et al. 1996) ...

Palmitic acid was present in all thymus gangliosides as a major fatty acid, which is also in contrast to the fatty acid compositions of the various organs. 

Dorman, H.J.D. and Deans, S.J. (2004) Chemical composition, antimicrobial and in vitro antioxidant properties of Monarda citriodora var. citriodora, Myristica fragrans, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirsutum, Pelargonium species and Thymus zygis oils. Journal of Essential Oil Research 16, 145-150. 

A sample of calf thymus DNA had a Tm of 86.0°C in 0/l5 M NaCl + 0.015 M sodium citrate. Under the same conditions, DNA samples of known base composition gave values shown in Figure 2-135. (a) Calculate the G + C... 

Fig. 22. Effect of tilorone on the Tm with DNA preparations from various sources of different base compositions. Tm values were obtained at a molar ratio of drug to DNA-P of 0,21. The Tm of DNA (5 x 10 SM) with and without tilorone was determined in a medium of 0.01 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.0). AT-content of B. cereus DNA (65%), calf thymus DNA (58%), E. coli (DNA (50%) and M. lysodeikticus DNA (28%) these DNA samples were used in these experiments...

LDH (M.W. 134,000) oceurs as five tetrameric isoenzymes composed of two different types of subunits. Subunits M (for muscle) and H (for heart) are encoded by loci in chromosomes 11 and 12, respectively. Two subunits used in the formation of a tetramer yield five combinations H4(LDH-1), H3M(LDH-2), H2M2(LDH-3), HM3(LDH-4), and M4(LDH-5). The tissue distributiont of LDH isoenzymes is variable. For example, LDH-1 and LDH-2 are the principal isoenzymes in heart, kidney, brain, and erythrocytes LDH-3 and LDH-4 predominate in endocrine glands (e.g., thyroid, adrenal, pancreas), lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, leukocytes, platelets, and nongravid uterine muscle and LDH-4 and LDH-5 preponderate in liver and skeletal muscle. In tissue injury or insult, the appropriate tissue isoenzymes appear in plasma (Chapter 8) thus, determination of LDH isoenzyme composition has diagnostic value. 

To investigate the potential of the SEME technique, comparisons have been made with hydrodistillation for extraction of essential oil from spices - ajowan Carum ajowan Apiaceae), cumin (Cuminum cyminum Umbdliferae), star anise Illicium anisatum Illiciaceae) - and from fresh aromatic herbs - basil ( Ocimum basilicum Labiaceae), crispate mint [Mentha crispa Labiaceae), thyme (Thymus vulgaris Labia-ceae) [59, 60]. The yields of essential oil and their chemical composition for the two extraction methods are reported in Table 22.4. 

The concentration of G in rabbit brain, thymus, lung, liver, stomach, intestine, kidney, testis, muscle, and erythrocyte tissues was determined. The neuraminic acid composition was also determined. iV-Glycolylneuraminic acid-containing Gm was found in thymus, lung, kidney, and intestine as well as A-acetylneuraminic acid-containing G, but JV-acetylneuraminic acid was the sole neuraminic acid of G from other tissue. 

Empirical C34H48O7 2Na Properties Solid m.w. 614.80 Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 2450 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 92 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 198 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 1515 mg/kg TDLo (oral, human, 6 wks) 120 mg/kg harmful if swallowed eye irritant may cause sodium and water retention, hypokalemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance may cause vascular changes, changes in potassium, urine composition, thymus wt., serum composition, pulse rate, respiratory depression, tremors, convulsions Hazardous Decomp. Prods. CO, CO2 emits toxic fumes underfire conditions Uses Surfactant in cosmetics Manuf./Distrib. Sigma... 

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