DNA calf thymus

Hippel, P.H. von, Wang, K.-Y. Dynamic aspects of native DNA structure kinetics of the formaldehyde reaction with calf thymus DNA. J. Mol. Biol. 61 (1971) 587-613... 

The incorporation of acyclovir triphosphate into calf thymus DNA primer template has been shown to be much more rapid and extensive with HSV-1 DNA polymerase than with vero cell DNA polymerase a. This incorporation of acyclovir ceased after 15 min since the template is chain terminated by the acyclovir incorporation, as there is no 3 -hydroxyl group on which to continue elongation. The viral DNA polymerase is also inactivated by tight binding to the terminated template. 

In this work, simple (single-use) biosensors with a layer double stranded (ds) calf thymus DNA attached to the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode assembly have been prepared. The sensor efficiency was significantly improved using nanostructured films like carbon nanotubes, hydroxyapatite and montmorillonite in the polyvinylalcohol matrix. 

FIGURE 3-17 Adsorptive stripping potentiogranis for 0.5 ppm calf-thymus DNA following different adsorption times of 1-150 s (curves a-f) (Reproduced with permission from reference 38.)... 

In another series of experiments, a novel approach to the determination of nucleotide sequence was adopted by A. S. Jones, Stacey, and their co-workers. For example, when calf thymus DNA was treated with mercaptoacetic acid in the presence of zinc chloride and anhydrous sodium sulfate, it yielded aldehydo-apurinic acid bis(carboxymethyl) dithioacetal. When degraded with dilute alkali, this afforded dialyzable fragments, which were separated into at least 20 components. Some were identified, including mono-, di-, and tri-nucleotides, thereby revealing that DNA contain regions of at least three linked pyrimidine nucleotides. The same procedure was applied to the DNA isolated from M. phlei ... 

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), circular dichroism (CD), and UV spectroscopy at different temperatures were used to investigate the nature of calf-thymus DNA in aqueous solution, in the presence of [Me Sn] " (n = 1-3) species. The results demonstrate that the [MeSn(IV)] moiety does not influence the structure and conformation of the DNA double helix, and does not degrade DNA, as indicated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Inter alia, the radii of gyration, Rg, of the cross section of native calf-thymus DNA, determined by SAXS in aqueous solution in the presence of [Me Sn] " (n = 1-3) species are constant and independent of the nature and concentration of the [Me Sn] species. 

The local structure of these complexes and adducts of calf-thymus DNA with different organotin(IV) moieties were determined by means of EXAFS. The... 

The sensitivity of the fluorescence methods varies considerably with the instrument used. Advances in modern instrumentation and the power of today s computers allow for a much improved sensitivity. Using commercially available instruments and modern computers equipped with appropriate software, detection limits down to 10 pg of calf thymus DNA can be achieved using ethidium bromide. (We have achieved such levels using several Perkin-Elmer MPF66 Instruments at various locations.)... 

The tveak and reversible binding of these complexes to calf-thymus DNA (ct DNA) suggests a dominant electrostatic mode of interaction nevertheless, relevant conformational distortions of the double helix are caused [50]. A multinuclear NMR study of the reactivity of [Au(en)Cl2]Cl and [Au(en)2]Cl3 vith guanosine 5 -monopho-sphate (5 -GMP) reveals that in an aqueous solution only [Au(en)Cl2]Cl binds very weakly to 5 -GMP via N(7) to give a 1 1 adduct [48]. 

Messori, L, Orioli, P., Tempi, C. and Marcon, G. (2001) Interactions of selected gold(III) complexes with calf thymus DNA. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 281, 352. 

All earlier studies [155-158] reported the complexation of berberine with calf thymus DNA and suggested by a mechanism of intercalation. Maiti and coworkers [159-162] demonstrated first the base- and sequence-specificity of berberine from studies with several naturally occurring DNAs (Clostridium perfringenes, cholera bacteriophage 02, calf thymus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus lysodeikticus) and synthetic DNAs ((poly(dG-dC) poly(dG-dC), poly(dG)-poly(dC), poly(dA-dT) poly(dA-dT), poly(dA)-poly(dT)) using various physicochemical techniques. Several aspects of the interaction were reported ... 

Fig. 7 Chemical structure of berberine with atom numbering and proton labels. NMR spectra of berberine titrated with increasing concentrations of calf thymus DNA at 298 K (a) and at 350 K (b). Reprinted from [165] with permission from the publisher...

Commercial calf thymus DNA 0.5-1.0 159-318 640 Aruoma et al. (1989a, 1989b, 1991)... 

The formation of 5-hydroxy-2 -deoxycytidine (22) and 5-hydroxy-2 -de-oxyuridine (23) that arise from dehydration of dCyd glycols 20 and related dUrd derivatives 21, respectively, was assessed by HPLC-electrochemical detection within calf thymus DNA upon exposure to photoexcited menadione and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis [57]. The latter two oxidized nucleo-... 

Fig. 4 Effect of DNA duplex stability on the formation of DNA lesions. Samples (75 pg/ ml of calf thymus DNA) were solubilized in pure water. The different conditions were heated (the solution was heated at 100°C prior to irradiation) control (irradiations were performed at room temperature) compacted (irradiations were performed in the presence of 0.1 mM spermidine)...

The reactivity of a series of closely related substances can either be enhanced or inhibited depending on the type and extent of interaction with double-helical DNA. This was shown in a kinetic study of the substitution of ethylenediamine (en) or A-, A- -dimethylethylcncdiamine (Me2en) by thiourea in the palladium(II) complexes [Pd(4,4,-R2bpy)(en)](PF6)2 (R = H or Me), [Pd(en)2](PF6)2, and [Pd(Me2en)2](PF6)2, in water and in the presence of calf thymus DNA.183... 

Solomon JJ, Segal A. 1985. Direct alkylation of calf thymus DNA by acrylonitrile. Isolation of cyanoethyl adducts of guanine and thymine and carboxyethyl adducts of adenine and cytosine. Environ Health Perspect 62 227- 230. 

Table III. Half-Lives of Dihydrodiol Epoxides of 5-MeC and Chrysene at pH 7.0 and 37 °C in the Absence and Presence of Native and Denatured Calf Thymus DNA...

Figure 3. Uncorrected emission spectra of DMA in 15% methanol measured at varying calf thymus DNA concentrations. The spectra were measured under the conditions described in ref. 14.

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