Technology interventions

There are studies available on the above mentioned issues, and information is being shared in bits and pieces, which may not serve the purpose of multidisciplinary medicinal plants sector. Here in this context, the present book Medicinal Plants and Sustainable Development deals with multidisciplinary approach and contains information on different aspects of medicinal plants, which can be used as guiding tools. The book contains 18 chapters written by eminent scientists and academicians from different countries. There are case studies on the species to community level, and also documentation of medicinal plants as used by different ethnic groups. This book aims to provide academic and practitioners insights into medicinal plants related issues from science and technology interventions to historical use patterns and indigenous knowledge systems. 

Cook and Hussey [1995], published an excellent text. Assistive Technologies — Principles and Practice. As well as comprehensively addressing many of the assistive technologies briefly covered in this chapter, they also present a conceptual framework which builds on the one developed by Smith above. They introduce the additional concepts of activity and context. That is, understanding of a person s activity desires and the context (social, setting, physical) in which they are to be carried out are essential components to successful assistive technology intervention. 

Wiegmann, D.A. Rantanen, E. 2002. Defining the relationship between human error classes and technology intervention strategies. Technical Report ARL-02-l/NASA-02-1. Illinois Aviation Research Lab Institute of Aviation. 

Arctic permafrost is very diverse. That s why in every region changes in permafrost depend on its specific features, and environmental response to technological intervention is different. 

The first remark we can make is that we cannot define natural as that which is taken direcdy from nature as this would be much too restrictive and would exclude a range of objects that are commonly held to be natural. Too many natural products are submitted to chemical or physical operations in order to adapt them to their intended functions. Thus, for example, a natural fabric like wool or cotton, or a dye like madder only appear to be natural in contrast to others that are much less so. But they are not employed directly upon being taken from nature. Indeed, the processing of materials like wool involves highly technological interventions used to separate the fibres, wash them and prepare them for use. ... 

That set of modules includes alongside the traditional procedures related to product control, quality assurance procedures for conformity assessment. The intervention of a third party in these procedures comprises an initial audit of the manufacturer s quality system which must include both the specific technological aspects of the products concerned and the methodology of the quality assurance procedures. Furthermore the manufacturers are subject to periodic audits to ensure that the systems are maintained. Finally, on the occasion of unexpected visits, the notified body can carry out tests on the products. 

State intervention in man s activities to protect the health of the inhabitants goes back to prehistory. The motivation may not have been altogether altruistic the king acted to protect his subjects because he regarded them as his property. Public health protection began for disease control. With industrialization, came the need for control of even more hazardous forces and substances. This extended protection became technological in accident analysis and response. Present efforts in controlling risk, such as from nuclear power, are a continuation of this development. 

Change the environment. We are used to solving environmental problems by relatively simple interventions adding fertilisers, pesticides and water. However, it is much more difficult to remove an excess than it is to supplement a deficiency. A technological solution to the salinity problem has many possibilities but all are costly. In the case of staple foods then either their market value (commercial) or the resources of their consumers (subsistence) precludes such a solution. 

Andrea Manca is Research Fellow at the Centre for Health Economics, University of York. His research interests lie in the investigation of methodological and theoretical issues related to two broad areas the application of modelling techniques to support the decisionmaking process in health care, and the use of analytical methods in the conduction of economic analysis of health care interventions. Andrea s applied work focuses on a number of different technologies in several clinical areas, including mental health. 

Advances in autosampler technology have encouraged the development of fully automated SPE procedures that require minimal manual intervention. Automated... 

Larsen HF, Tprslpv J, Damborg A (1995) Areas of intervention for cleaner technology in the printing industry - assessment of waste water (report in Danish). Environmental Project No. 284. Danish Ministry of Environment. Environmental Protection Agency, Copenhagen... 

One Holy Grail in protein structure is to develop tools that accurately predict three-dimensional structures of proteins from their primary sequence information [58, 59]. Many of the best tools to date only go part of the way by using known three-dimensional structures from proteins which share similar primary sequence to model the possible structures of new proteins. This technology still has a long way to go, but the potential rewards would be enormous, allowing a genome sequence to be translated into targets for therapeutic intervention in si-lico, in relatively short periods of time. 

---