Tall oil pitch

Paraflux tall oil pitch saturated plasticizer, poly-merized hydrocarbon plasticizer... 

Tall oil [8002-26-4] has been referred to as the largest and fastest growing source of extractives such as turpentine and resin. It can be refined to give tall oil fatty acids (see Carboxylic acids) and tall oil pitch as well as resins. These fatty acids compete with fatty acids from vegetable sources for many of the same industrial markets. 

Examples of the fatty acids are oleic (c -9-octadecenoic) and linoleic (c ,c -9,12-octadecadienoic) acid. The major constituent of rosin acids is abietic acid. Uses of tall oil are tall oil rosin (31%, for paper size, protective coatings, adhesives, inks, and rubber), tall oil fatty acids (30%, in protective coatings, soaps, and inks), tall oil pitch (30%, in fuel, binders, coatings, rubber modifiers, asphalt, sizing, inks, and hardboard impregnation), and distilled tall oil (9%, in soaps, coatings, flotation, and board impregnation). 

ABSTRACT Wood pellets and tall oil pitch are currently used as renewable fuel for district heating in the Stockholm Metropolitan Area, Pyrolysis liquid, another biofuel, is also a potential substitute for petroleum fuel oil. A technical, economic, and envi ronmental assessment for the whole utilisation chain from forest residues to heat has been carried out,... 

Birka Energi is currently using two renewable fuels in its heat production pellets and tall oil pitch. The alternatives are shown in Figure 1. 

Tall oil pitch, a by-product from wood pulping, is used as a reference in the... 

Cost item Wood fuel (pellets) Pyrolysis liquid Tall oil pitch... 

In addition to resin acids, rosin contains neutral materials and oxidized impurities. Tall oil rosin contains about 1-5% fatty acid and small amounts of sulfur compounds and phenolics. In tall oil pitch, which is the bottom fraction in the tall oil distillation process, besides residual amounts of rosin and fatty acids, a substantial amount of unsaponifiable matters has been identified and recovered as B-sitosterol (30). Gum rosin contains large amounts of neutrals that contribute to the typical odor and reduce its tendency to crystallize. The amount of neutral materials present in a rosin largely depends upon the location where the raw material originates and its processing conditions. 

Tall oil monoglycerides. See Glyceryl tallate Tall oil, pentaerythritol ester. See Pentaerythrityl tallate Tall oil pitch CAS 8016-81-7... 

Tall oil glycerides Tall oil pitch Tall oil rosin Tallow Tallow acid... 

Hydrogenated sperm oil 8016-78-2 Spike lavender oil 8016-81-7 Tall oil pitch 8016-84-0 Tagetes oil 8016-85-1... 

To illustrate another component of the forest products industry it may be instructive to take a brief look at the pine chemicals industry. The pine chemicals industry is not a new industry, but it is a very small portion of what is now known as the specialty chemicals industry, despite the fact that pine chemicals have been in active use for longer than the modern chemical industry era that arose in the early part of the 20th century. The pine chemicals industry has been extracting useful products such as turpentine and other simple materials for literally hundreds of years. With the rise of the pulp and paper industry, chemicals have in the majority been extracted from two waste streams crude tall oil and crude sulfate turpentine. Crude tall oil can be further separated into a fatty acid fraction, a tall oil fraction, a tail oil rosin fraction, and a tall oil pitch fraction. The crude sulfate fraction is separated into a variety of terpene monomers that can be further transformed into a variety of terpene resins. AH of these streams can be used as raw materials for coatings, various oil applications, surfactants, adhesives, inks, etc. [50]. 

Tall oil pitch n. Undistilled residue from the distillation of crude tall oil. It is generally recognized that tall oil pitches contain some high-boiling esters and neutral materials with lesser amounts of rosin and fatty acids. Usmani AM (ed) (1997) Asphalt science and technology. Marcel Dekker, New York. 

Coal tar (in some countries not used in asphalt, in other countries little and decreasing use), photoallergen, 5% petrolatum Tall oil pitch ( )... 

The neutral fraction in rosin is usually a detriment in rosin utilization as most uses are based on the carboxyl group. Thus, rosins of high neutrals content are of lower value. Gum rosin neutrals consist predominately of diterpene hydrocarbons, alcohols, and aldehydes plus smaller amounts of the higher-boiling monoterpene and sesquiterpene components of turpentine. The same types of diterpene compounds are also present in tall oil rosin neutrals. However, sitosterol is the predominant neutral in crude tall oil and tall oil pitch. 

Thermoplastic laminates Tall oil pitch Canada 1,075,390 1980 Northwood Mills Ltd. 

Maleic anhydride grafting (cont.) poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene), 694 poly(styrene-co-isobutylene), 675, 689 poly(styrene-co-nfialeic anhydride), 676, 679 poly(vinyl acetate), 676, 694 poly(vinyl acetate-co-vinyl fluoride), 678 poly(vinyl alkyl ethers), 675, 679, 692, 701 poly(vinyl chloride), 683, 692, 693, 695, 702 poly(vinylidene chloride), 691 poly(vinyl toluene-co-butadiene), 689 radical—initiated, 459-462, 464-466, 471, 475, 476 radiation—initiated, 459, 461, 466, 471, 474 redox-initiated, 476 rubber, 678, 686, 687, 691, 694 to saturated polymers, 459-466, 475, 476 solvents used 460-463, 465, 466, 469, 474-476 styrene block copolymers, 679 tall oil pitch, 678, 697 terpene polymers, 679, 700 thermally-initiated, 462, 464-467, 469, 476 to unsaturated polymers, 459, 466-474 vapor-phase techniques, 464, 474, 475 to wool fibers, 476 Maleic anhydride monomer acceptor for complex formation, 207-210 acetal copolymerization, 316 acetone CTC thermodynamic constants, 211 acetone photo-adduct pyrolysis, 195, 196 acetylacetone reaction, 235 acetylenic photochemical reactions, 193-196 acrylamide eutectic mixtures, 285 acylation of aromatic acids, 97 acylation of aromatics, 91, 92 acylation of fused aromatics, 92, 95, 97, 98 acylation of olefins, 99 acylation of phenols, 94-96 acylic diene Diels-Alder reactions, 104-111, 139 addition polymer condensations, 503-505 adduct with 2-cyclohexylimino-cyclopentanedi-thiocarboxylic acid, 51 adducts for epoxy resins curing, 507-510 adduct with 2-iminocyclopentanedithiocarboxylic acid, 51... 

Sterols can either be extracted directly from the soap with different solvent mixtures or they can be recovered from the tall oil pitch remaining after the first distillation. The tall oil soap used has a high content of unsaponifiables, with the sterol content depending on the type of coniferous woods used. Typically, sterol levels in tall oil soaps are 3-5% (w/w). Most of the sterols are found in the pitch fraction remaining after distillation the sterol content of this fraction can be as high as 10% (w/w) (Holmbom and Era, 1978). Subsequent processing involves solvent extraction, short-path distillation, and selective recrystallization. 

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