Terpene Resin, Synthetic

Terpene resins, because of their low odor and acceptable FDA clearance, are used as tackifiers for the natural and synthetic gum bases used in chewing gum. Selected petroleum resins are also used as gum bases. 

Terpene Resin, Synthetic, occurs as a pale yellow to yellow, solid, thermoplastic resin. It is composed essentially of a-pinene, (3-pinene, and/or dipentene polymers. Its color is less than 4 on the Gardner scale (measured in 50% mineral spirit solution). It is insoluble in water. 

Within the specific context of this chapter, renewable resources represent the obvious answer to the quest for macromolecular materials capable of replacing their fossil-based counterparts [2, 3]. This is not as original as it sounds, because, apart from the role of natural polymers throughout our history evoked above, the very first synthetic polymer commodities, developed during the second half of the nineteenth century, namely cellulose esters, vulcanized natural rubber, rosin derivatives, terpene resins , were all derived from renewable resources. What is new and particularly promising, has to do with the growing momentum that this... 

Polyterpenes (polyterpenoids). Natural products made up of n C lo units (= 2 n isoprene building blocks) with n>4, the biogenesis of which generally obeys the isoprene rule. The most important P. are the tetra-terpenes (n=4) including carotinoids, ficaprenols, natural rubber, balata, and gutta-percha. The name is also used for hydrocarbon resins (terpene resins) prepared synthetically by polymerization of monoter-penes. 

Terpene resin resin modifier, synthetic Diethylene glycol dimethacrylate PEG-8 dimethacrylate resin modifier, waxes Terpene resin... 

The use of terpene resins has been expanded recently with the rapid growth of hot melt adhesives. Many of the properties required of a pressure sensitive adhesive are valuable assets for hot melts. These materials are usually composed of a synthetic elastomer, a tackifier and a wax extender. The chemical and structural studies following were designed to define terpene resin structure and provide analytical data on these resins which could be used to predict the specific utility of a resin in a pressure sensitive or hot melt formulation. 

Other natural product-based resins also became widely used, such as the light colored Lewis acid oligomerized products of terpenes such as a-pinene, p-pinene, and limonene. These natural product resins are relatively expensive, however, and formulators now often use the newer, less expensive synthetic resins in present day natural rubber PSAs. These are termed the aliphatic or C-5 resins and are Lewis acid oligomerized streams of predominately C-5 unsaturated monomers like cis- and /rawi-piperylene and 2-methyl-2-butenc [37]. These resins are generally low color products with compatibility and softening points similar to the natural product resins. Representative products in the marketplace would be Escorez 1304 and Wingtack 95. In most natural rubber PSA formulations, rubber constitutes about 100 parts and the tackifier about 75-150 parts. 

For instance, addition of oil of turpentine or lemon or orange terpenes—which lower the sp. gr. and the ester content—together with fatty oils, resin, balsams and synthetic esters—which have the opposite effect. 

Turpentine. Turpentine is used directly as a solvent, thinner, or additive for paints, varnishes, enamels, waxes, polishes, disinfectants, soaps, pharmaceuticals, wood stains, sealing wax, inks, and crayons, and as a general solvent. The chemistry of its mono-terpenes offers many possibilities for conversion to other substances, as illustrated in Fig. 28.20. There is increasing use of turpentine to produce fine chemicals for flavors and fragrances. An important use of turpentine is in conversion by mineral acids to synthetic pine oil. It also is a raw material for making terpin hydrate, resins, camphene, insecticides, and other useful commodities. These uses are included in the following summary of its applications. 

Terpenes are components of various products e.g. tobacco smoke, wax pastes (furniture and floor polishes etc.), liquid waxes (floor polishes etc.), cleansers (detergents etc.), polishes, dyes and varnishes, synthetic resins, so-called natural building products, deodorants, perfumes, softeners, air fresheners, foods, beverages, pharmaceutical products (e.g. camomile oil, eucalyptus oil). In these products terpene compounds such as geraniol, myrcene (beta-myrcene), ocimene, menthol, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, d-limonene, 3-carene, cineole, camphene or caryophyllene can be detected. 

Venice Turpentine n Same as larch turpentine, the oleo-resin of the European larch tree Larix europea or Larix deciduas). The term is also now used widely to describe the clear yellow liquid portion of pine oleoresin, or a synthetic product of similar composition made by dissolving rosin in a terpene solvent. 

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