Thin Film Structures

As the stamp is gently placed in contact with a solution spread on a substrate, capillary forces drive the solution to form menisci under the stamp protrusions. The solution remains pinned to the protrusions upon solvent evaporation. As the critical concentration is reached, the solute precipitates from solution onto the substrate, giving rise to a structured thin film replicating the protrusion of the stamp. By optimizing the conditions, it is possible to print isolated structures with a size comparable to or even smaller than the lateral width of the stamp protrusions,... 

Solid A Solid B S/S Corrosion, grain boundary passivation, adhesion, delamination, epitaxial growth, nucleation and growth abrasion, wear, friction, diffusion, boundary structure thin films, solid state devices, mechanical stability, creep. 

For the wurtzite-structure Mg Zni- O (x < 0.53) thin films, an one-mode behavior with a further weak mode between the TO- and LO-mode for the phonons with E - and Ai-symmetry was found. The Ai(TO)-, Ai(LO)-, and the upper branch of the Ai(LO)-modes of the wurtzite-structure thin films show an almost linear behavior, whereas the lower branch of the Eq(LO)-modes and the two Ai(TO)-branches exhibit a nonlinear behavior. In [132] the modified random element isodisplacement (MREI) model was suggested... 

First successful ZnO device demonstrations as for example stable homo-and heteroepitaxial pn-junctions and LED structures, thin film scintillators, and quantum well structures with optical confinement, and oxide-based Bragg reflectors, and high-quality Schottky contacts are based on PLD grown thin films. Several techniques as for example the PLD in UHV conditions (laser MBE), and gradient and combinatorial PLD, and high-pressure PLD for nano-heterostructures show the innovative potential of the advanced growth technique PLD. 

In conclusion, we first described the one step synthesis of nanoporous organosilica powders functionalized with a Non Linear Optical chromophore in the channel pore (azobenzene diethylphosphonate). These powders have been totally characterized and present a meso-porosity with a wormlike structure. Thin films monofunction-alised with NLO chromophore in the channel pores or bifunctionalized (NLO in the channel pores/erbium salt in the framework) were also prepared in one step and characterized by Grazing Incidence Small angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) and X-ray reflectivity. Interestingly, while the monofunctional thin film presents a lamellar structure, the bifunctional one (channel pores/framework)... 

For a multilayer structure (thin film sandwiched between two electrodes) (Fig. 1) in reflection (the second electrode is then opaque), the reflected (similar measurements can be done also in transmission) beam intensity is given by ... 

One of the basic challenges in the fabrication of highly non-planar devices lies in the preparation only a few methods have so far been explored to produce deeply structured thin films on a flat substrate and—in a second step—to produce a continuous coverage on a deeply structured substrate. In Section 6.3, some of the possible fabrication processes will be discussed. 

Electronic and optical properties of structured thin films and heterojunctions are treated in Section 6.4. Since non-optimal electronic properties are to be accommodated in the new cell design, the transport properties to be discussed will naturally be those of defect-rich materials. 

S. Schiefer, M. Huth, A. Dobrinevski, and B. Nickel, Determination of the Crystal Structure of Substrate-Induced Pentacene Polymorphs in Fiber Structured Thin Films, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 10316-10317(2007). 

EXEEES Extended Electron Energy Eoss Elne Structure Thin films Electrons (100-400 keV) Electrons energies 0-30 eV above edge <200 nm 1-100nm Density of states of valence electrons (above Eermi level) 27,32... 

She et al. have proposed the use of PS-PLA block copolymers to form structured thin films via self-assembly [170]. By this method, porous PS membranes could be obtained after the degradation of the PLA blocks. This example Illustrates that progress in the field... 

Multiferroic behaviour is not confined to simple perovskite structures. Thin films of the more complex layered ferroelectric perovskite-derived Aurivillius phase... 

In contrast, an increase in conductivity by about one order of magnitude was reported in YSZ nano structured thin films [242] (for a review on this topic, see Ref. [229]). 

Davis, F., Higson, S.P.J. Structured thin films as functional components within biosensors. Biosens. Bioelectron. 21(1), 1-20 (2005)... 

Bezuidenhout, L.W. and Brett, M.J. 2008. Ultrathin layer chromatography on nano-structured thin films, J. Chromatogr. A, 1183 179-185. 

Debe MK, Schmoeckel AK, Vemstrran GD, Atanasoski R (2006) High voltage stability of nano-structured thin film catalysts for PEM fuel cells. J Power Sources 161 1002—1011... 

Applications for external (or regular) reflectance include surface measurements for metals or semiconductors. The technique is used to measure the dielectric function of solids, for characterization of thin films, and to relate the reflectivity of a material surface to its electronic and/or surface structure. Thin film thickness (t, in units of wavelength) is measured using this technique combined with the mathematical relationship ... 

Bonakdarpour A, Stevens K, Vemstrom GD, Atanasoski R, Schmoeckel AK, Debe MK, Dahn JR (2007) Oxygen reduction activity of Pt and Pt-Mn-Co electrocatalysts sputtered on nano-structured thin film support. Electrochim Acta 53(2) 688-694... 

Fig. 17.13 Nano-structured thin film (NSTF) catalyst as fabricated and before transfer to a PEM. Plan view at 50,000x original. The scale bar indicates 600 nm. From reference [5]...

Another solution to both the carbon support and the ionomer contact issue is to use a Pt catalyst that has no support and is embedded in the membrane such as the Nano-structured thin film (NSTF) catalyst being developed by 3M [5, 81]. A SEM of the NSTF-Pt catalyst is shown in Fig. 17.13. hi addition to not having a carbon support to corrode, this catalyst system is much less susceptible to Pt dissolution because the small whiskers are coated with a continuous layer of Pt, not Pt nanoparticles, and so behaves more like bulk Pt. MEAs made with these electrodes... 

Debe MK (2013) Tutorial on the fundamental characteristics and practical properties of nano-structured thin film (NSTF) catalysts. J Electrochem Soc 160 F522-F534... 

When the small dimension of the material structure is comparable to the characteristic microstructural size scale, the film is considered to be a micro structurally thin film. Most metallic thin films used in microelectronic devices and magnetic storage media are examples of microstructurally thin films, where the film thickness is substantially greater than atomic or molecular dimensions. Although the film thickness normally includes only a few... 

Block Copolymer Nano structured Thin Films for Advanced Patterning... 

Minoofar PN, Hernandez R, Qua S, Drum B, Zink JI, Franville AC (2002) Placement and characterization of pairs of luminescent molecules in spatially separated regions of nano-structured thin films. J Am Chem Soc 124 14388—14396... 

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