Sharing and Communication

DHS has improved information sharing. While information sharing still may not be optimally utilized, a security manager can get a better understanding of the risk environments now than prior to 9/11. Both the public and private sectors need credible, timely, actionable information to ensure that appropriate security investments, programs, and decisions are made to protect organizational assets. DHS has attempted to build a system of trust in both public and private sector security partners regarding shared information. 

This chapter discusses the various sectors of critical infrastructure in the post 9/11 world. An underlying premise relates to infrastructure interdependencies and risk considerations involving cross-sector analysis. In the event of loss sustained by one sector, how could the infrastructure linkages across sectors adversely affect the performance of other infrastructures  

Department of Homeland Secnrity. (2007). Critical infrastrnctnre sectors. Available May 24, 2013, at http //www.dhs.gov/critical-infrastructure-sectors Homeland Security Information Network. (2007). [Home page]. Available May 24, 2013, at http //www.dhs.gov/homeland-security-information-network Presti, K. (2012). DHS secretary calls for public, private partnership to protect critical infrastructure. CRN. October 31. Available May 24, 2013, at http //www.cm.com/news/ security/240012631/dhs-secretary-calls-for-public-private-partnership-to-protect-critical-infrastructure.htm 

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One of the six elements of Responsible Care is the Codes of Management Practice, and one of the codes is the Process Safety Code of Management Practices (34). This code emphasi2es management commitment and accountabiUty, information sharing, and community relations, but also includes 11 of the 14 specific elements of the legislated process safety management standards developed later. 

An intranet can help a pharmacy operate more efficiently by allowing information to be shared and communicated quickly and reliably. However, having a large number of users increases the intranets vulnerability to internal threats. Intranet applications and their content may be exposed to a far greater audience than just those authorized users of the intranet. Recent research reports that more than 30 percent of all organizations report at least one security incident beginning within the organization,... 

Intersecting circles indicate data sharing and communication between departments. 

In Figure 7, each circle depicts the research database of a department in a chemical/ pharmaceutical company. The union of all circles represents the chemical-scientific database of the company. Intersecting circles indicate data sharing and communication between departments. Since each department views its data in special ways and may select particular software, it is difficult to design a chemical-scientific database system that treats all unions and intersections. A chemical-scientific database system that can be customised for the various data views is a flexible solution to this difficulty. 

Observation requires reporting, documenting, and assessment or investigation in order to produce a response to the undesired behavior. The results must also then be shared and communicated to all levels. In other words, the organization must learn from its mistakes and undesired behaviors prior to the occurrence of an incident. 

In addition, the data to be shared and communicated at various stages in the supply chain depend on what will provide the most overall benefit. These data should include ... 

Ideally, the maintenance professional knows how to treat, share and communicate lessons learned within his or her work team and contribute to the rest of the organization (again, information technology can be of vital assistance here). Professionals know or are trained to translate minor events into generic issues. Another paradox may exist here on the one hand the maintenance professional deals daily with concrete equipment problems, but on the other hand he or she is expected to think in the abstract to be able to relate minor occurrences to broader generic issues. 

The obvious solution to the limitations imposed by shared bus communications is to fully connect each processor to all other processors via dedicated pathways. The problem is that the number of such pathways grows rapidly, N N — l)/2, where N is the number of processors. The inherent costs and complexity of such a system render it an impractical solution for large-scale parallel computing. 

The first form led to client-server-styled systems, with the client combining user-interface and application logic and communicating via SQL requests with a database server that dealt with persistence, transactions, security, and so on. All communication involved database processing requests in SQL, and clients did not communicate with one another (except indirectly through shared data on the server). 

The sales strategy needs to decide what product to be sold in which sales market representing the sales location in the value chain network. New markets needs to be evaluated for their attractiveness and the own competitive position with respect to existing products or the capabilities in the development of new products for the respective demand. Sales business rules include decisions on the strategic share of contracted business volumes vs. flexible spot business volumes. These business rules often depend on sales channels and frame contracts with customers. The sales strategy can be matched with classical marketing mix decisions on products, prices, promotion and communication, as well as sales channel decisions. 

Where we admit that people s behaviors may be less than fully rational, there is a further tendency to think about aberrant, regional, or specific kinds of behaviors as expressions of culture. Culture, in this case, is taken to mean the way certain groups of people do things— habits of action and understanding shared by communities, families, tribes, states, and nations. These, in turn, are understood to produce certain kinds of landscapes—social and natural environments that express something not just about individual decisions, but a collective identity. 

With federation, databases can become part of the same information system because they share common communication language(s). Each database in a federated data system is free to establish and maintain its own data model. The utility of such a system is critically dependent upon the ability of each participating database to process queries using common protocols. It is only required that databases in such a system understand the languages that are appropriate for their local data model. It is not required (nor particularly desirable) that all databases understand all query languages. 

Few books attempt to cover the area of automatic chemistry. Technical papers which relate to automation have most often been presented in analytical journals dealing with the basic subject area, and the details of the automation are less well documented than the chemistry. Aspects of management, education and economics are given scant treatment despite their importance. The Journal oj Automatic Chemistry [8] was launched to fill this void in the literature and experience has shown that there is a wealth of technical experience awaiting publication. In addition, it is vital for the suppliers of automatic instrumentation and computer systems to set up adequate lines of communications with their customers. User groups are a valuable asset so that experiences, good and bad, are shared and any problems resolved. A user who becomes frustrated for lack of support or information will become a source of bad reference. A satisfied user, on the other hand, will provide valuable input which may benefit future users and assist the company in providing instruments that the user needs. 

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