The problem resolved

Which way does this reaction go at 25 °C, 1 bar You could answer this 

Dissolve quartz in a solvent (HF acid) and measure the heat released. 

Because the solution after dissolution in the two cases has exactly the same composition and is identical in all respects, the difference in the two measured heat terms must be the difference in enthalpy between quartz and cristobalite, = 

Measure the heat capacities of both quartz and cristobalite from near absolute zero to 298 K, and calculate and 

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Since (10) gives the amount of work done in charging the condenser, we compare (12) with (10) and find that the problem resolves itself into the question whether, at the temperature considered, the reciprocal of the dielectric constant is greater, or less, than the quantity... 

To meet this requirement, an invention may not be obvious in the sense that the idea would not have occurred to a specialist in the field to which the creation pertains if that specialist were called on to find a solution to the problem resolved by the creation. In other words, the matter to be protected cannot be a simple substitution of matters or means known by others who have conceived the same function, nor a mere combination of known means without a new and unexpected technical effect. 

The purpose of the discussion is to interpret and compare the results. Be objective point out the features and limitations of the work. Relate your results to current knowledge in the field and to the original purpose in undertaking the project Was the problem resolved What has been contributed Briefly state the logical implications of the results. Suggest further study or applications if warranted. 

A 52-year-old man had a 5-year history of sleepwalking 2-3 times a week beginning 3 months after starting lithium (206). On one occasion, he was injured in a fall when sleepwalking through a second-story window. When lithium was stopped for 3 months, the problem resolved only to recur when it was restarted. 

A 17-year-old man had taken risperidone for 2 years without adverse effects, but 12 weeks after lithium was added, he reported prolonged erections (lasting 1-3 hours) 2-5 times daily risperidone was tapered and withdrawn and the problem resolved (636). 

The solution of eqns. (44)—(48) is not stra htforward [72], After a preliminary reduction by linear algebra, the problem resolves itself into a numerical one of calculating values of d[H2 02 ] /df corresponding to given [H2O2] and mixture composition and this in turn involves solution of a cubic equation in G = kYo [HO2]. The solution shows the following parameters to be behaviour determining... 

A clear case of encephalopathy has been described in a patient who had received a bone marrow transplant the problem resolved on withdrawal (7). 

Topiramate inhibits carbonic anhydrase isozymes II and IV, which are present in the central nervous system. Respiratory alkalosis in a 15-year-old girl, who presented with hyperpnea, was not therefore surprising (16). The problem resolved within 24 hours of withdrawal. 

Therefore, provided that there is an equilibrium between the micellar and aqueous pseudophases, the problem resolves itself into estimation of the distribution of reactants between aqueous and micellar pseudophase and calculation of the rate constants of reaction in each pseudophase. Menger and Portnoy [70] developed an equation which successfully accounted for micellar inhibited saponification of 4-nitrophenyl alkanoates. This model was also applied to spontaneous, unimolecular, hydrolyses of dinitrophenyl sulfate monoanions [66] and phosphate dianions [68] which are speeded by cationic micelles in water. 

Since AH° can be obtained from thermal measurements, the problem resolves into the question of whether or not AS° can be obtained solely from thermal measurements. 

If we know the concentration of activated complexes, the problem resolves into the calculation of the rate at which these complexes decompose into products that is, we must calculate the rate of the reaction... 

The problem resolves itself into the question What is the antilog of -2.7, or what is the numerical value of 10 raised to the power of -2.7 Your calculator should have a 10, or antilog key. It is used as follows first enter 2.7, then press the change sign key +/-. Next press the 10 key and read the answer, 0.002 M. If your calculator does not have an antilog function, do the calculation as described in Chap. 1 on the use of a logarithm table. 

Upon arriving at the refinery, I met with the operating supervisors. They informed me that, while the process design was fine, the gas plant s operation was unstable because of faulty instrumentation. However, the refinery s lead instrument engineer would soon have the problem resolved. 

It is evident that formula II (R = Me) adequately accounts for the above reactions (5), and a subsequent synthesis (6) amply confirms it. The lactone group persists in narcotine as shown by its reactions with alkali. Only after prolonged warming in alcoholic alkali is an alkali salt formed, and this rapidly regenerates narcotine on acidification. The crux of the problem resolved itself into determining the structure of the fission products. 

A 61-year-old man who was addicted to pethidine, taking 5 to 10 g weekly, developed repeated seizures and myoclonus when he also took phenytoin. The problem resolved when both drugs were stopped. ... 

Two other patients, taking phenytoin 300 and 400 mg daily, respectively, had marked rises in serum phenytoin levels (from 15 to 35 micrograms/mL and from 11.5 to 47 micrograms/mL), accompanied hy signs of phenytoin toxicity, within 5 to 10 days of starting fluoxetine 20 or 40 mg daily. The problem resolved when the fluoxetine was stopped or the phenytoin dosage reduced. Another patient only developed this interaction after taking fluoxetine for about 9 months. ... 

A 21-year-old woman with a congenital long QT syndrome had several syncopal attacks, one at least of which was caused by torsade de pointes. This was attributed to the concurrent use of mequitazine and spiramycin over a 2-day period. The problem resolved when the drugs were withdrawn. ... 

A 75-year-old woman with multiple medical conditions taking methyl-dopa, levothyroxine and co-amilozide (hydrochlorothiazide with amiloride) developed nausea and anorexia, and was found to have hyponatraemia (plasma sodium 107 mmol/L), within 4 days of starting to take trimethoprim 200 mg twice daily. The problem resolved when the diuretics and trimethoprim were stopped. When re-challenged 4 months later with trimethoprim, hyponatraemia did not occur, but it developed rapidly when co-amilozide was also restarted. The authors of this report say that they have seen several other patients who developed hyponatraemia within 4 to 12 days of starting trimethoprim or co-trimoxazole, all of whom were elderly and all but one of whom were taking a diuretic [unnamed]. ... 

A detailed review of cases reported to the manufaeturers deseribed 8 acute cases, 7 of them fatal, in patients given fluoxetine with either tranylcypromine or phenelzine. Uncontrollable shivering, teeth ehattering, double vision, nausea, confusion, and anxiety developed in a woman given tranylcypromine after stopping fluoxetine. The problem resolved within a day of stopping the tranylcypromine, and did not recur when fluoxetine was tried again 6 weeks later. ... 

A study in 17 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease found that nizatidine 150 mg twice daily for a month had no effect on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of theophylline. However, there were 6 reports of apparent interactions in the Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction Database of the FDA in the US up to the end of August 1989. Four patients taking theophylline developed elevated serum theophylline levels, with symptoms of toxicity in at least one case, when given nizatidine. The problems resolved when either both drugs, or just nizatidine were stopped. ... 

For an individual tray in a tray column, the problem resolves to 27 non-linear algebraic equations in 27 unknowns. Solution of each tray has to be incorporated into a separate algorithm for the iterative tray-to-tray calculations. The performance of a 0.11m valve tray column was successfully simulated, and the method has been adopted as a basis for the design of commercial scale absorbers up to 8.5m in diameter used for the selective absorption of in the presence of CO ... 

Parallel operation Parallel operation involves the running of both the old and new systems together to allow time to cross-check the data and information produced by the two methods and to build confidence in the LIMS. This approach will be applicable where tasks undertaken by both systems are similar however, if the data produced by the two methods are not the same then the reason must be found and the problem resolved. If there are problems with the LIMS then the old system can still be used to produce results whilst a remedy is sought. This approach to implementation is resource intensive and a deadline should be given after which only the LIMS will be used. 

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