Serum silver

There is AChE-like activity in the plasma of some birds and mammals (Traina and Serpietri 1984 Smucker and Wilson 1990). Plasma ChE of rodents, such as the laboratory rat, is high in both AChE and BuChE activities (Traina and Serpietri 1984). AChE activity in human blood is found mainly in RBCs (Silver 1974). AChE activity also occurs in the serum of developing mammals and birds, decreasing to adult levels after birth (Smucker and Wilson 1990). Together with AChEs, BuChEs are also found at synapses, motor end plates, and muscle fibers. BuChE activity in blood is restricted to serum (Silver 1974)... 

A 12-month-old girl with failure to thrive had been treated with various supplements and alternative therapies (including a blend of kelp, Lactobacillus acidophilus, wheat, rye, and barley) or colloidal silver. The silver was given in the form of a suspension and was thought to be effective in boosting immunity. The serum silver concentration was 3.4 (reference range below 0.02) pmol/l. Silver was withdrawn and her serum silver concentrations normalized some months later. 

In a patient with end-stage renal disease, there was a marked increase in serum silver concentration during treatment with silver sulfadiazine cream 200 g/day for 2 weeks (29). The serum concentration of silver reached a maximum of 291 ng/ml and there was rapid deterioration of mental status. Silver sulfadiazine was withdrawn, but the patient died after 4 months. At autopsy, there were very high concentrations of silver in the brain tissues (617 and 824 ng/g in the cerebrum and cerebellum respectively). 

In this patient both plasma exchange and hemofiltration were effective in reducing the serum silver concentration, and their effects were additive, but hemodialysis was ineffective. However, none of these maneuvers affected brain silver concentrations. 

Jod-saure, /, iodic acid, -schwefel, m. sulfur iodide, -serum, n. iodized serum, -silber, n. silver iodide, -silizium, n. silicon iodide. -stSrke, /. starch iodide, iodized starch. -stSrkepapier, n. starch iodide paper, -stick-stoff, m. nitrogen iodide, -thymol, n.iPhaTm.) thymol iodide, -tinktur,/. tincture of iodine, -toluol, n. iodotoluene. -iibertrilger, m. iodine carrier. 

Synthesis of gold, silver and their alloy nanoparticles using bovine serum albumin as foaming and stabilizing agent. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 15, 5115-5121. 

Helmerson 2881, and more recently Bartels 2891, determined chloride in serum by adding excess silver and then measuring the excess silver ion in the filtrate. Ezell 29°) used a similar procedure to determine chloride in plant liquors and Gutsche etal.29 determined chlorine in milk by measuring the excess silver by flame photometry. 

Peptides in Human Urine (Skarzynski and Samecka-Keller), 5, 107 Protein Bound Iodine (Chaney), I, 82 Radioactive Iodine-131 in the Diagnosis of Hyperthyroidism, Blood Plasma Levels of (Silver), 1, 111 Transaminase Activities of Serum and Body Fluids, the Clinical Significance of Alterations in (Wroblew-ski), 1, 314... 

Native bovine serum albumin has the surprising property of catalyzing the decomposition of the Meisenheimer complex 1,1-dihydro-2,4,6-trinitrocylohexadienate. Taylor and Silver (1976) prepared albumin fragments 1-306 and 307-581 and separated them without disulfide reduction. These were called native fragments. Neither of these fragments alone has catalytic activity to decompose the Meisenheimer complex, but when mixed together stoichiometrically, 35%... 

Dialysis units provided highly efficient means for increasing selectivity in a dynamic system by placement in front of a lithium-selective electrode constructed by incorporating 14-crown-4 ether 3-dodecyl-3 -methyl-1,5,8,12-tetraoxacyclotetradecane into a PVC membrane that was in turn positioned in a microconduit circuit by deposition on platinum, silver or copper wires. The circuit was used to analyse undiluted blood serum samples by flow injection analysis with the aid of an on-line coupled dialysis membrane. For this purpose, a volume of 200 pL of sample was injected into a de-ionized water carrier (donor) stream and a 7 mM tetraborate buffer of pH 9.2 was... 

In addition to the application of roughened Ag electrodes in SERS measurements, one should add that Geddes et al. [15] have described the use of such Ag electrodes in metal-enhanced fluorescence studies also. The constant current flowing between two silver electrodes in pure water facilitated the growth of fractal-like structures on the cathode. The electrode was coated with a monolayer of human serum albumin protein labeled with Indocyanine Green. It was observed that the fluorescence intensity on the roughened electrode increased approximately the 50-fold, compared to the unroughened electrode. 

Neuraminidase digestion of transferrin is performed from 6 pi of serum, 2.5 pi 1 M sodium acetate (pH 5.0), 15.5 pi double-distilled water and 1 pi neuraminidase (0.01 U). Incubation is carried out overnight at 37°C followed by dialysis against double-distilled water at 4°C for 12 h and subsequent drying by lyophilisation. Dried samples are resuspended in 1.5 ml 10 mM Tris (pH 7.0)10.9% NaCl and analysed by IEF, followed by silver staining as described above. 

Mertz DP, Koschnick R, Wilk G, et al. 1968. [Studies on the metabolism of trace elements in humans. I. Serum values for cobalt, nickel, silver, cadmium, chromium, molybdenum, manganese],... 

Because chlorine is inactivated by blood, serum, feces, and protein-containing materials, surfaces should be cleaned before chlorine disinfectant is applied. Undissociated hypochlorous acid (HOC1) is the active biocidal agent. When pH is increased, the less active hypochlorite ion, OC1 , is formed. When hypochlorite solutions contact formaldehyde, the carcinogen /v.v-chloromethyl is formed. Rapid evolution of irritating chlorine gas occurs when hypochlorite solutions are mixed with acid and urine. Solutions are corrosive to aluminum, silver, and stainless steel. 

From the topically applied silver sulfadiazine only sulfadiazine is absorbed to some extent (about 10%). The analysis of sulfadiazine in biological fluids can be based on the methods described by Stober and De Witte (12). Delaveau and Friedrich-Noue (33) employed the Bratton-Marshall reaction for the measurement of sulfadiazine levels in plasma, serum and urine after topical application of silver sulfadiazine cream. 

Following rather similar approaches, CdSe-ZnS QDs modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA),38 CdSe/CdS QDs modified by mercaptoethanol,39 and CdTe QDs treated with mercaptopropionic acid40 were proposed for the determination of Cu2+, CdSe QDs modified with mercaptoacetic acid and BSA were assayed for the analysis of silver,41 CdSe/ZnS QDs capped with sulfur calixarene for the determination of... 

The third group underwent a modification of the cascade immunization procedure (24). After a primary injection of ECP in CFA and a subsequent injection in ICFA a serum sample was taken seven days later and the IgG fraction used to prepare an affinity column. The entire ECP mixture was passed over the column and fractions which were depleted of one or more ECPs (as determined by silver stain SDS-PAGE and compared to the starting preparation) were used for the subsequent immunization injection. This procedure of ECP adsorption was repeated with subsequent antisera obtained on days 28 and 42 and the resulting depleted ECP fractions used for injections on either days 35 or 49 and 62, respectively (Figure 3). Thereafter the rabbits received injections as described in the normal immunization procedure. 

Lochner, N., Lobmaier, C., Wirth, M., Leitner, A., Pittner, F., and Gabor, F. 2003. Silver nanoparticle enhanced immunoassays One step real time kinetic assay for insulin in serum. Eur Pharm Biopharm 56(3) 469-477. 

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