Selling the Product

The revenue from the annual sales of product As, minus the total annual cost or expense required to produce and sell the product Af , excluding any annual provision for plant depreciation, is the annual cash income Ac( ... 

Supplier Notification. In 1989 and subsequent years, suppliers of facilities in SIC codes 20-39 are required to develop and distribute a notice if the mixtures or trade name products that they manufacture or process, and subsequently distribute, contain listed toxic chemicals. These notices are distributed to other companies in SIC codes 20-39 or to companies that sell the product to facilities in SIC codes 20-39. tf a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is not required for the mixture or trade name product, the notification must be in written form (i.e., letter or attachment to a MSDS). Otherwise, the notice must be incorporated into or attached to the MSDS for that product. The supplier notification requirement began with the first shipment of a product in 1989 and must accompany the first shipment each year thereafter. In addition, a new or revised notice must be sent if a change occurs in the product which affects the weight percent of a listed chemical or if it is discovered that a previous notice did not property identify the chemicals or the percentage by weight. For more information on supplier notification, see Appendix E. 

An example would be if you sold a lacquer containing toluene to distributors who then sell the product to other manufacturers. The distributors are not in SIC codes 20-39, but because they sell the product to companies in SIC codes 20-39, they must be notified so that they may pass the notice along to their customers, as required. 

By this time, the product had proved, in continuing toxicity and feeding trials, to be safe and effective feed material.The process was patented and the trade name Pruteen given to the product A licence to sell the product as feed was granted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 

FDCA defines drugs as articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease and articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body. Therefore, a product becomes a drug based upon its intended use and not upon its composition or source [26]. A pharmacist may violate the FDCA if he or she recommends and sells a dietary supplement for the treatment of a particular disease—the pharmacist would be indicating the product as an unapproved drug. However, if the pharmacist is not selling the product, the FDCA would not be violated. 

Of course it is also possible to decide that in cases where the hmit is within the uncertainty range, other measures have to be taken, e.g. more measurements (to reduee the uneertainty range) or to decide to sell the product at a different price. 

There are many barriers to and challenges for instrumentation commercialization. It seems that most often, the parties involved are working at crosspurposes. The (often academic) inventor is never satisfied and always wants to continue to improve his or her invention. The instrument company only wants to build and sell the product. They would also like to have planned obsolescence to guarantee future sales. The salesperson has to sell what he has now, while convincing the customer that it will meet all his needs. The customer wants a product that is inexpensive and will last forever. 

These data tell us that to be a successful player in the pesticide industry you must be a large organisation with the ability to invest a great deal of support into the discovery (in most cases), development, manufacture and marketing of your products. There are some organisations that have built their successful position on their ability to manufacture and formulate commodity products, those products that were discovered some years ago and whose patents have lapsed, thereby allowing organisations, other than the inventor to make, formulate and sell the product internationally. 

The TRIPS Agreement, one of the treaties enforced by the WTO, has set a 20-year patent life for all products, including pharmaceuticals. The clock starts when an application for a patent is filed with the appropriate national patent office. During that time companies have the exclusive right to sell the product within the national market. 

The revenue expressed as a difference of selling the product C minus the cost of raw materials A,B is... 

When the manufacturer sells the product or offers it for sale to a pharmaceutical firm for use in a drag product... 

The key elements of a traceability chain, values and links between values, have already been described [4], More complete traceability chains are presented in Fig. 1. The symbols used are b = amount content [5, 6] in amount (mol) per mass (kg) of element (or compound) E in material X. Note that the chain is constituted by values linked by operations called measurements , defined as above. The analyst could attempt the establishment of a complete traceability chain as shown (Fig. 1, left chain), but that would require a huge amount of work, or may not be possible, e.g. because the chain may be broken (in the upper part under chemical operations ). The same reasoning applies to the value carried by a reference material (central chain or right chain in Fig. 1). Every time we use a reference material, two traceability chains are involved as illustrated in Fig. 1 one for the measurement result obtained on the unknown sample (left chain), and one for the value carried by the reference material, (either the central or the right chain). They must, by their very nature, be similar. The first one must be demonstrated by the analyst. The second one must be demonstrated by the reference material producer. They sell the product and therefore must be accountable for the product. 

The pinnacle goal of most preapproval regulatory submissions is the NDA. The NDA approval grants a practical license to manufacture and sell the product in the United States, significantly increases the equity value of the applying organization, and represents the culmination of the scientific process of discovery, testing, and development. 

If the results of the clinical trial studies indicate that a new drug has potential therapeutic value that outweighs the risks associated with its proposed use, the manufacturer may seek authorization to sell the product in Canada by filing a New Drug Submission (NDS) with HPFB. 

From a practical viewpoint, no manufacturing operation can be considered a success until the products have been sold or put to some profitable use. It is necessary, therefore, to consider the expenses involved in selling the products. Included in this category are salaries, wages, supplies, and other expenses for sales offices salaries, commissions, and traveling expenses for salesmen shipping expenses cost of containers advertising expenses and technical sales service. 

We go back to the phased method. As said, a team has to learn at least three important things - and often more. The three are learning to please the customer, to make the product, and to market and sell the product. One needs to look at all three, and at other important items, in each phase again. The team works on all aspects of design in parallel. This is also described as concurrently. ... 

In development you learn to please the customer with a good product design, learn to make the product, and learn to sell the product. 

Back to the Ballpoint 2 project. You think further development is going to take 5 person-years of work, which costs 500 000. For preparing of the production you expect to spend 200 000 during production, on marketing and support 100 000 per year (Figure 16-3). Marketing research suggests you will be able to sell the product up to 4 years from now it will then be overtaken by other products, either from you or from the competition. In the sales period you... 

Learn to Sell. Make sure that you have the right material for selling the product. You must be able to form an economic justification of your product for the customer. 

A market assessment for a product to be developed identifies the potential strength and weaknesses of a new product, as well as those of competitive programs or therapeutic schemes. This assessment should include the patent situation and the competitiveness of the organization in terms of the skills and resources to develop, manufacture and sell the product when evaluating the chances and risks of the intended development product. From this information one or a series of potential products can be identified and defined. 

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