Scots pine Pinus sylvestris

Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris Inorganic As+5 of 50 mg/kg Seedlings die when soil (sandy) concentrations exceed 4... 

The number of OH groups per unit mass of dry wood can be calculated on the basis of an estimate of the number of the OH groups associated with each of the cell wall polymeric constituents (Table 2.2) (Rowell, 1980). An example is given for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). This gives the number of theoretical OH groups according to... 

Coniophora puteana (BAM 15) Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) >20 25 Beckers eta/. (1 994)... 

Zaman, A., Alen, R. and Kotilainen, R. (2000) Thermal behaviour of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris) and silver birch (Betula pubescens) at 200-230 deg C. Wood and Fiber Science, 32(2), 138-143. 

Androgenic compounds occur in various plants. Celery stalks and parsnip roots contain trace amounts of androstenedione (Fig. 11.12), the same compound found in boar odor (Claus and Hoppen, 1979). Testosterone is also found in pollen of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris). 

The Orkney vole, Microtus arvalis orcadensis, removes almost no bark from seedlings of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris, if they are treated with an extract of feces of red fox, Vulpes vulpes, even though the two species have been separated for approximately 5500 years (Calder and Gorman, 1991). 

Njemela, P. and Danell, K. (1988). Comparison of moose browsing on Scots pine Pinus sylvestris) and lodgepole pine (P. contorta). Journal of Applied Ecology 25, 761-775. 

Sunnerheim-Sjoberg, K. (1992). (IS, 2R, 4S, 5S)-Angelicoidenol-2-0-/S-D-glucopyrano-side a moose deterrent compound in Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.). Journal of ChemicalEcobgy 18,2025-2039. 

Nuopponen, M. et al., A UV resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopic study on the extractable compounds in Scots pine Pinus sylvestris) wood Part II. Hydrophilic compounds, Spectrochim. Acta A, 60, 2963, 2004. 

Fliegmann, J. et al., Molecular analysis of chalcone and dihydropinosylvin synthase from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and differential regulation of these and related enzyme activities in stressed plants. Plant Mol. Biol, 18, 489, 1992. 

Laakso, K., Sullivan, J.H., and Huttunen, S., The effects of UV-B radiation on epidermal anatomy in loblolly pine Pinus taeda L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Plant Cell Environ., 23, 461, 2000. 

Studies have shown that phenylpropanoid metabolism can be stimulated by ozone. The activity of PAL increased in soybean [91], Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) [92], and parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) [93] soon after treatment with 150-200 nmol O3 mol 1. Rapid increases in transcript levels for PAL in response to ozone have been observed in parsley [93], Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynhold [94] and tobacco (Nicoticma tabacum L.) [95]. Transcript levels for 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL), the last enzyme in the general phenylpropanoid pathway, increased commensurately with PAL transcripts in ozone-treated parsley seedlings [93]. Phenolic compunds reported to accumulate in leaf tissue in response to ozone include hydroxycinnamic acids, salicylic acid, stilbenes, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, acetophenones, and proanthocyanidins [85, 92, 93, 96, 97]. 

Casals, P., J. Romanya, J. Cortina, J. Fons, M. Bode, and V. R. Vallejo. 1995. Nitrogen supply rate in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests of contrasting slope and aspect. Plant and Soil 169 67-73. 

The absence of a particular species can also indicate pollution, for example, it has been found that the frequency of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) decreased with increasing S02 concentrations in Britain and where S02 concentrations exceeded 0.076 ppm no trees occurred (Smith, 1986). 

The Hemicelluloses of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Black Spruce (Picea nigra) Woods, A. R. N. Gorrod and J. K. N. Jones,/. Chem. Soc., (1954) 2522-2525. 

CHIRON, H., DROUET, A, CLAUDOT, A.-C., ECKERSKORN, C.TROST, M., HELLER, W., ERNST, D SANDERMANN JR, H Molecular cloning and functional expression of a stess-induced multifunctional O-methyltransferase with pinosylvin methyltransferase activity from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Plant Mol. Biol., 2000, 44, 735-745. 

TABLE 5-1. Data on Resin, Parenchyma Cells, and Ray Tracheids of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway Spruce (Picea abies)a... 

Fig. 5-9. Radial variations in the content and composition of extractives in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) (Assarsson, 1969 see also Lindgren and Norin, 1969). 1, Total extractives 2, triglycerides 3, resin acids 4, fatty acids 5, pinosylvin + monomethyl ether.

P/cea abies), Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris), and Birch (Betula verrucosa)°... 

Table 2.15 Concentrations and BCF values of various parts of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees...

At the same time there are two major push factors at influence in the Highlands. The first is the move to increase the biodiversity of the area and to move away from extensive plantations of single species conifers of alien species. This is occurring through the regeneration of the traditional mixed native woodlands of Scots pine, (Pinus sylvestris), birch, (Betula alba and pendula) and other native trees and an under story of species such as juniper (Juniper communis), wild cranberries, (Vaccinium macrocarpa) and blaeberries, (Vaccinium myrtillus). 

Hartley, J., Caimey, J. W. G., Freestone, P., Woods, C., and Meharg, A. A. (1999). The effects of multiple metal contamination on ectomycorrhizal Scots pine Pinus sylvestris) seedlings. Environ. Pollut. 106, 413-424. 

Markkola, A. M., Ahonen-Jonnarth, U., Roitto, M., Strommer, R., and Hyvarinen, M. (2002). Shift in ectomycorrhizal community composition in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedling roots as a response to nickel deposition and removal of lichen cover. Environ. Pollut. 120, 797-803. 

Flaig, H. and Mohr, H. (1992). Assimilation of nitrate and ammonium by the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedling under condition of high nitrogen supply. Plant Physiol. 84, 568-576... 

Terziev N., Bjurman J. and Boutelje J.B. (1996) Effect of planing on mold susceptibility of kiln and air-dried scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) lumber. Mat. Org., 30, 95-104. 

Brackhage, C., Hagemeyer, J., Breckle, S.W., Greszta, J., 1996. Radial distribution patterns of Cd and Zn in stems of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.) trees analyzed 12 years after a contamination event. Water Air Soil Pollut. 90, 417 28. 

Colpaert, J.V., Van Laere, A., Van Tichelen, K.K. and Van Assche, J.A. (1 997)The use of inositol hexa-phosphate as a phosphorus source by mycorrhi-zal and non-mycorrhizal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Functional Ecology 11,407 15. 

FIGURE 40.3 The existence of knots in wood comes from the interaction between primary growth, responsible for the branch formation, and secondary growth, responsible for thickening of stem and branches. (Photograph Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), LERMAB-ENGREF, Nancy, France.)... 

Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L.) shoots from exposed branches of a tree growing on campus (63° 50 N, 20°20 E) were studied during the winters of 1988 and 1989. The latest developed needles were used in the measurements. 

Structure of the Genes for LHC-II in Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L.) 537... 

Niskanen, A.M Lu, J. Seitz, S. Keinonen, K. Weissenberg, K Pappanen, A. (2004). Effect of parent genotype on somatic embiyogenesis in Scots pine Pinus sylvestris). Tree Physiology, 24, p>p. 1259-1265. 

Thiry, Y, Schmidt, R, Van Hees, M. et al. (2005). Uranium distribution and cycling in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing on aregevetated U-mining heap, J. Environ. Radioact. 81, 201-219. 

Raisanen T, Ryyppo A, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Kellomaki S (2008) Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on secondary compounds in the needles of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L.). Trees Struct Funct 22 121-135... 

Other durable timbers, notably those of the family Cupressaceae, have been used for buildings in many countries and for other purposes, such as boats and coffins, and have survived microbiological and insect attack for centuries (18). The stave churches remaining in good condition in Norway after more than 800 years were built from logs of resinous Scots pine Pinus sylvestris, Pinaceae) (2). 

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