Routing sheets

Bill of Material Routing Sheets Production Orders Scheduled Orders... 

Process routing process routing sheet. Lists operation sequence and processes. 

The operations sheet is fundamental to manufacturing estimating. It is also called a route sheet, traveler, or planner. There are many styles, and each plant has its own form. The purpose of the... 

Figure 9.6 Routing Sheet—Operation Sequence and Processing Data...

An example of a routing sheet is shown in Figure 9.6. In this example the setup times and processing times for an individual part are given. The routing sheet also gives the sequence number for the product through the shop. 

A routing sheet for the BOM example above is given below in Table 9.2. The path that the part is to follow is given in the left hand column. In this example there are five operations needed. The first and second operations occur at work center 100. The estimated time needed for both set-up and processing is given. The first step is to unpack the component and the second is to clean and inspect it. The third operation is to put 3 of the parts into a jig and to weld them together. The fourth operation is to inspect the component again. The fifth operation is to drill 3 holes. 

The theory of the proper execution of work is that it should be planned completely before a single move is made, that a route-sheet which will show the names and order of all the operations which are to be performed should be made out and that instruction cards should be clearly written for each operation. 

Routing sheets, which describe the activity, and list the tools and equipment required. 

Movement of work from one position to another in accordance with the route sheet. 

Specific, detailed information required by and to be produced by all groups in operating organizations, e.g. documraitation, report controls, route sheets on fuel transfers, routine inspection reports and public communications... 

The principal chemical markets for acetylene at present are its uses in the preparation of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, and 1,4-butanediol. Polymers from these monomers reach the consumer in the form of surface coatings (paints, films, sheets, or textiles), containers, pipe, electrical wire insulation, adhesives, and many other products which total biUions of kg. The acetylene routes to these monomers were once dominant but have been largely displaced by newer processes based on olefinic starting materials. 

Fig. 1. Routes by which natural rubber latex is converted into traditional sheet and crepe.

To allow for welding time, a buffer of a certain sheet length, in the form of entry accumulator, is maintained, generally in a vertical formation, to save space. This feeds the line ahead until the welding operation is completed and the second route is installed to feed the process. 

The time gap in carrying out the welding is compensated by raising the speed of the second route now introduced until the predefined buffer of an excess length of sheet is produced with the help of accumulator drive motor... 

The first methacrylic esters were prepared by dehydration of hydroxyisobutyric esters, prohibitively expensive starting points for commercial synthesis. In 1932 J. W. C. Crawford discovered a new route to the monomer using cheap and readily available chemicals—acetone, hydrocyanic acid, methanol and sulphuric acid— and it is his process which has been used, with minor modifications, throughout the world. Sheet poly(methyl methacrylate) became prominent during World War II for aircraft glazing, a use predicted by Hill in his early patents, and since then has found other applications in many fields. 

The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a detailed information bulletin prepared by the manufacturer or importer of a chemical tliat describes tlie physical and healtli hazards, routes of exposure, precautions for safe handling and use, emergency and first-aid procedures, and control measures. Infonnation on an MSDS aids in tlie selection of safe products and helps prepare employers and employees to respond effectively to daily exposure situations as well as to emergency situations. It is also a source of information for identifying chemical hazards. 

FIG. 4 Schematic drawing illustrating different self-assembly routes of S-layer subunits leading to the formation of (a) flat sheets, (b) and (d) to (f), cylinders, and (c) spheres. (Modified from Ref. 59.)... 

The chemical process industries are competitive, and the information that is published on commercial processes is restricted. The articles on particular processes published in the technical literature and in textbooks invariably give only a superficial account of the chemistry and unit operations used. They lack the detailed information needed on reaction kinetics, process conditions, equipment parameters, and physical properties needed for process design. The information that can be found in the general literature is, however, useful in the early stages of a project, when searching for possible process routes. It is often sufficient for a flow-sheet of the process to be drawn up and a rough estimate of the capital and production costs made. 

Nanohybrids can be prepared in the form of intercalated layered nanocomposites produced by co-assembly of guest biomolecules in the presence of exfoliated organoclay sheets (Section 8.4), or by wrapping single biomolecules in ultrathin layers of condensed organoclay oligomers (Section 8.5). Such approaches should provide new general routes towards the development of functional biomaterials with numerous applications. 

An important route to solubilization of carbon nanotubes is to functionalize their surface to form groups that are more soluble in the desired solvent environment. It has been shown that acid treatment of nanotube bundles, particularly with HC1 or HNO3 at elevated temperatures, opens up the aggregate structure, reduces nanotube length, and facilitates dispersion (An et al., 2004 Kordas et al., 2006). Nitric acid treatment oxidizes the nanotubes at the defect sites of the outer graphene sheet, especially at the open ends (Hirsch, 2002 Alvaro et al., 2004), and creates carbonyl, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups, which aid in their solubility in polar solvents. 

A major reason for the difference between the target and current technology is the chemistry chosen and the way the flow sheet is put together. At present, CTL processes produce syngas (CO and as an intermediate by gasification of coal, and then convert the syngas into hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch process. The target for this route can also be calculated. 

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