T regulatory cell

In a mouse model for autoimmune non-obese diabetes (NOD), the full-blown diabetes could be reversed to normoglycaemia by treatment with CD3 antibodies. In these diabetes- tolerant mice, the proportions of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells were increased. Moreover, the CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells of the tolerant mice produced high levels of... 

Fig. 4. Regulatory T-cell functions suppression of DCs that support the generation of effector T cells suppression of ThI, Th2, and ThI 7 cells suppression of allergen-specific IgE and induction of lgG4, IgA, or both suppression of mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils interaction with resident tissue cells and remodeling, and suppression of effectorT-cell migration to tissues. 

Oukka M, Weiner HL, Kuchroo VK Reciprocal developmental pathways for the generation of pathogenic effector Tjjl7 and regulatory T cells. Nature 2006 441 235-238. 

M, Murphy KM Thl7 an effector CD4 T cell lineage with regulatory T cell ties. Immunity 2006 24 677-688. 

HL Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science 1994 265 1237-1240. 

Inhibition of human allergic T-helper type 2 immune responses by induced regulatory T cells requires the combination of interleukin- 10-treated dendritic cells and transforming growth factor-p for their induction. Clin Exp Allergy 2006 36 1546-1555. 

Onishi Y. Fehervari Z. Yamaguchi T. Sakaguchi S Foxp3+ natural regulatory T cells preferentially form aggregates on dendritic cells in vitro and actively inhibit their maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci 121 USA 2008 105 10113-10118. 

Sakaguchi S, Yamaguchi T, Nomura T, Ono M Regulatory T cells and immune tolerance. Cell 2008 133 775-787. 

Francis JN, Till SJ, Durham SR Induction of 1L-10+CD4+CD25+ T cells by grass pollen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003 111 1255-1261. Jutel M, Akdis M, Budak F, Aebischer-Casaulta C. Wrzyszcz M, Blaser K, Akdis CA lL-10 and TGF-P cooperate in the regulatory T cell response to mucosal allergens in normal immunity and specific immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2003 33 1205-1214. 

CCR4-expresssing regulatory T cells is also stimulated via glioma cell secretion of CCL2. This may be an important mechanism whereby gliomas suppress anti-tumor immune responses and evade immune detection (Jordan et al. 2008). 

Regulatory T cells, or suppressor T cells, suppress the activation of an immune response. The activity of these cells in organ transplant is not well elucidated. 

Iellem A, Mariani M, Lang R, et al. Unique chemotactic response profile and specific expression of chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR8 by CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 2001 194 847-853. 

Bystry RS, Aluvihare V, Welch KA, Kallikourdis M, Betz AG. B cells and professional APCs recruit regulatory T cells via CCL4. Nat Immunol 2001 2 1126-1132. 

Wysocki CA, Jiang Q, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, et al. Critical role for CCR5 in the function of donor CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells during acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2005 106 3300-3307. 

Yang ZZ, Novak AJ, Stenson MJ, Witzig TE, Ansell SM. Intratumoral CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell-mediated suppression of infiltrating CD4+ T-cells in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2006 107(9) 3639-3646. 

Hawrylowich, C. and O Garra, A. 2005. Potential role of interleukin-10 secreting regulatory T-cells in allergy and asthma. Nature Reviews Immunology 5(4), 271-283. 

Funatake, C.J. et al., Cutting edge activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin generates a population of CD4+ CD25+ cells with characteristics of regulatory T cells, J. Immunol., 175, 4184, 2005. 

In vitro TGN1412 caused a profound, polyclonal T-cell proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including those from patients with BCLL. It also induced a profound activation and proliferation of T-cell subsets including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, naive and memory T cells, and regulatory T cells. TGN1412 was shown to induce a transient, well tolerated expansion of T cells in nonhuman primates treated with TGN1412 and efficacy was demonstrated in a rhesus monkey collagen-induced arthritis model. 

Hori, S., Nomura, T., and Sakaguchi, S., Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor, foxp3, Science, 299, 1057, 2003. 

Schwartz, M. and Kipnis, J., Self and non-self discrimination is needed for the existence rather than deletion of autoimmunity The role of regulatory T cells in protective autoimmunity, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 61, 2285, 2004. 

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